History Timeline

Beginnings of Agriculture

8000 BCE

The people wanted a easy way out of their hardships so they decided to settle down and start farming both plants and animals domestically.

Beginnings of Bronze Age-Early Civilizations

3000 BCE

Bronze was first used in Mesopotamia around 3300 B.C.E. and expanded across all of Eurasia and parts of Latin America

Iron Age

1300 BCE

During the Iron Age, people across much of Eurasia and parts of Africa began making tools and weapons from iron and steel.

Beginnings of Confucianism, Buddhism, Daoism

600 BCE

Confucius was an influential Chinese philosopher . Buddha was a spiritual leader and taught as the foundation of the Buddhist religion. Lazoi was the first philosopher of Daoism and Alleged author of the Daodejing.

Greek Golden Age

500 BCE

The golden age in Greece has given us great monuments, art, philosophy, architecture and literature which allowed them to thrive.

Era of Warring States

Period: 403 BCE to 221 BCE

During this time there was a divide after a peaceful period causing a war between the states.

Alexander the Great dies

323 BCE

The Macedonian king died in early June 323 BC while suffering a high fever that had lasted ten days. His empire was carved up by his generals and soon disintegrated.

Quin Dynasty Unified Under China

221 BCE

After the peaceful and philosophical Period, various states were at war before the Qin state conquered them all, and China was brought together under the Qin Dynasty.

Fall of Mauryan Dynasty

184 BCE

The Mauryan Dynasty fell due to financial struggle, Oppressive Rule, the neglect of the North-West Frontier and the Great Wall of China, exposing new advantages, and The brahmanical reaction (the predecessor of Hinduism)

Beginnings of Christianity

32

The reason for the quick increase in Christianity was the Roman Empire crumbling, and Constantinople converting to Christianity

End of Pax Romana

180

The Empire was struggling to hold off attacking tribes on the frontiers which eventually led to their defeat along with the death of the emperors.

End of Han Dynasty

220

Economic Problems at the end of the Han Dynasty led the dynasty to fall into chaos and corruption in the eunuchs empress' clan, and Confucian scholars caused the dynasty to slowly fall apart.

Emperor Constantine Converts to Christianity

312

Christianity began to transition to the dominant religion of the Roman Empire and eventually took over Rome.

Roman Capital Moved to Constantinople

333

Constantine, moved the capital of the Roman Empire to the city of Byzantium, and renamed it Constantinople.

Beginning of Trans-Saharan Trade Routes

400

Camels were used as the primary form of transportation. A major item traded was salt.

"Fall" of Rome

476

The Germanic leader Odoacer overthrew Rome and became the first Barbarian to rule in Rome.

Justinian Rule of Byzantine Empire

527

Justinian created a set of laws called the Justinian Code it says that the emperor made all of the laws and interpreted the laws the way they want.

Fall of Gupta Dynasty/Empire

550

nomad groups like the Hunas and the Hephthalites from Central Asia invaded them and instability in the empire. The Hunas destroyed the trade relationship that the Gupta had with the Roman Empire.

Founding of Islam

622

Muhammad was a prophet, sent to present and confirm the monotheistic teachings preached previously by Adam, Abraham, Moses, Jesus, and other prophets. He is also the founder of Islam.

Printing Invented in China

732

Chinese printing relied on blocks cut from wood and was invented during the Tang Dynasty

Decline of Classical Maya

900

The reason for this decline is unknown but there are some theories that could have lead to their decline like famine, drought, etc

Great Schism in Christian Church

1054

the separation of the Roman Empire into two empires and the division of the patriarch of Constantinople and Rome decided to excommunicate which eventually lead to the separation of the churches.

Norman Conquest of England

1066

While Harold II was in the north of England fighting Hardrada, the Duke of Normandy invaded Sussex he ruled as unquestioned conqueror

Battle of Manzikert

1071

The Byzantines under the emperor Romanus IV Diogenes were defeated by the Seljuq Turks who then took Romanus as prisoner.

1st Crusade

1095

Seljuk Turks took control of the Holy Lands and closed it to all Jewish and Christian pilgrims so the pope in an attempt to take back these lands sent the first crusade.

Genghis Khan begins Mongol Conquest

1206

Genghis Khan came to power by uniting many of the nomadic tribes of Northeast Asia he launched the Mongol invasions that conquered most of Eurasia.

Mongols Sack Baghdad, end of Abbasid Caliphate

1258

Genghis Khan’s grandson Möngke became great khan of the Mongols and planned to expand his empire to the middle east 10 years later Mesopotamia was overrun by a Mongol horde led by Möngke's brother Hülegü the advanced on Baghdad to demand them to surrender.

Marco Polo Travels

Period: 1271 to 1295

Marco Polo traveled into the unexplored parts of Asia via the Silk road into India and eventually into China. During his travels he was exposed to new languages, foods, diseases and robbery which was common on the Silk road.

Yuan Dynasty in China

Period: 1279 to 1368

Kublai Khan defeated the last of the Chinese Southern Song resistance and eventually took over china then named his dynasty the Yuan Dynasty (first time china was under foreign rule)

Mansa Musa's Pilgrimage/Hajjj

1324

Mansa Musa was a sultan who sent went on a pilgrimage that showed the world the wealth of his dynasty he became the wealthiest man in the world with $400 billion and was the first African ruler to be widely known throughout Eurasia.

Travels of Ibn Battuta

Period: 1325 to 1349

Ibn Battuta was a muslim traveler who crossed 75,000 miles in his 29 years of traveling this took him through North Africa to East Europe, the Middle-East, South Africa and Asia

Bubonic Plague in Europe

Period: 1347 to 1348

The Black Death killed one third of all the Europe population it originally came from China but spread to Europe via the silk road.

Ming Dynasty

Period: 1368 to 1644

During the Ming Dynasty China made extreme technological advances they developed gun powder and were the first to use it along with advancements in ship technology and developed porcelain

Zheng He's Voyages

Period: 1405 to 1433

Zheng He is a Chinese explorer who lead seven great voyages on behalf of the Chinese emperor through the South China Sea, Indian Ocean, Arabian Sea, Red Sea, and along the east coast of Africa his voyages were diplomatic, military, and trading ventures.

Rise of Inca Empire

1438

The Inca first appeared in the Andes region and built a massive kingdom through the military strength before the end of the empire they were able to take over land that expands from Chile to Columbia

Ottomans Capture Constantinople

1453

The capital of the Eastern Roman Empire, Constantinople was conquered by the Ottoman Army, under the command Ottoman Sultan Mehmed II the city were bombarded by cannon fires which was designed by Mehmed the Second himself and eventually took down the walls which was one of their only lines of defense

Printing Press in Europe

1480

The invention of the printing press removed control of written material from the Catholic Church and made it difficult for the church to spread their lies and ideas

Height of Aztec Empire

1480

the Aztec were at their peak when it came to conquest and exploitation. More and more conquered peoples provided tribute, the reason for the Aztecs' insane amounts of wealth wealth.

Dias Rounds Cape of Good Hope

1488

Dias was a explorer who led the first European expedition to round the Cape of Good Hope which opened the sea route to china.

Columbus/Reconquista of Spain

1492

After the Reconquista (Defeat of the Muslims and Jews in Spain), Muslims and Jews who lived in Spain were forced to convert to Christianity or they were expelled from the country

1st African Slaves to Americas

1502

When the first slaves came to america they were being sold off to the people and soon became widespread in the Americas and parts of Afro-Eurasia they were a efficient way to make profit and some were even sold off not for work but for prostitution.

Martin Luther/Protestant Reformation

1517

Martin Luther was a monk that was able to expose the church in hope that it might restore it to its original state but that was not the case when Martin Luther released the bible in basic German instead of Latin the people were able to read it to but this lead to a lot of controversy among the different people and their ideas

Cortes Conquered the Aztecs

1521

Cortes mounted an offensive against Tenochtitlan, finally defeating Cuauhtemoc's resistance and claiming Mexico as Spaniard land

1st Unsuccessful Ottoman Siege of Vienna

1529

unable to take Vienna, The Ottomans ended their Turkish expansion into Europe and was split up leading parts of the Ottomans toward Asia and the Mediterranean

Pizarro toppled the Inca

1533

Pizarro invaded the Incan Empire seeking riches The Inca had already had some contact with Europeans, and many had died of European diseases already making them weak and low in numbers making it easier for Pizarro to take over

Discovery of Silver at Potosi

1545

A native Peruvian named Diego Huallpa discovered the richest silver deposit the world has ever known located high in the mountains of Bolivia nearly 4000 meters above sea level

Battle of Lepanto

1571

the first significant victory for a Christian naval force over the Ottomans fleet and the peak of the age for galley warfare in the Mediterranean.

1st Manila Galleon

1571

Manila Galleons were Spanish trading ships they went around every year across the Pacific between Manila, in the Philippines, and Acapulco, in present Mexico

Spanish Armada

1588

The Spanish Armada was a Spanish fleet of 130 ships that sailed from Coruña to England as an invasion and they were quickly stopped by the England naval force.

Battle of Sekigahara

1600

This battle marked the moment in which Tokugawa Ieyasu (1st Shogun) and his supporters defeated their rivals later unifying china under one ruler Tokugawa Ieyasu.

Foundation of Jamestown

1607

Jamestown is the first permanent British settlement in North America however, the first settlers faced some challenges making it impossible for them to succeed things like disease and failure to grow crops were major factors in their failure.

30 Year War

Period: 1618 to 1648

this was considered the most chaotic conflicts in history,there ended up being eight million fatalities not only from military engagements but also from violence, famine, and plague.

End of Ming/beg of Quing Dynasty

1644

Beijing fell to a revolt led by Li Zicheng, a former Ming executive who became the leader of the peasant revolt who said he was from the Shun Dynasty the Ming emperor hung himself on a tree in the imperial garden

Cape Town Colony Founded

1653

Dias arrived after journeying south along the west coast of Africa. Vasco da Gama came across Cape Town while he was searching for a route that would lead directly from Europe to Asia.

2nd Unsuccessful Ottoman Siege of Vienna

1683

Ottomans suffered heavy losses and weakened their partnership with the Christians they then established a Holy League under the Pope.

Glorious Revolution/English Bill of Rights

1689

During the Glorious Revolution The Bill was created limiting the power that the king and queen and put basic human rights into the spotlight.