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Common School Movement
The common school movement was the effort to fund schools in every community with public dollars and is thus heralded as the start of systematic public schooling in the United States. https://dr.lib.iastate.edu/entities/publication/4e3b776b-39b3-4f1b-adc8-a3f60339b541 -
National Education Association
The association originated in 1857 as the National Teachers Association, which merged in 1870 with the National Association of School Superintendents and the American Normal School Association to form the National Education Association. Its membership exceeded 2.5 million in the early 21st century.
https://www.britannica.com/topic/National-Education-Association -
Measurement Movement
Measurement in education includes the development of instruments or protocols for obtaining information, procedures for analyzing and evaluating the quality of that information, and strategies for communicating the information to audiences, such as educators, policymakers, parents, and students.
https://www.oxfordbibliographies.com/view/document/obo-9780199756810/obo-9780199756810-0060.xml -
The Brown V.S. Board of Education
The Supreme Court ruled that separating children in public schools on the basis of race was unconstitutional. It signaled the end of legalized racial segregation in the schools of the United States, overruling the "separate but equal" principle set forth in the 1896 Plessy V. Ferguson case.
https://www.archives.gov/milestone-documents/brown-v-board-of-education -
National Defense Education Act
The National Defense Education Act of 1958 became one of the most successful legislative initiatives in higher education. It established the legitimacy of federal funding of higher education and made substantial funds available for low-cost student loans, boosting public and private colleges and universities.
https://www.senate.gov/artandhistory/history/minute/Sputnik_Spurs_Passage_of_National_Defense_Education_Act.htm
Video: https://youtu.be/ASyL6bNHq04 -
Head Start Program
Project Head Start, launched as an eight-week summer program by the Office of Economic Opportunity in 1965, was designed to help break the cycle of poverty by providing preschool children of low-income families with a comprehensive program to meet their emotional, social, health, nutritional, and psychological needs.
https://www.decal.ga.gov/HeadStart/History.aspx#:~:text=Project%20Head%20Start%2C%20launched%20as,%2C%20nutritional%2C%20and%20psychological%20needs.
https://youtu.be/StKPrSrWroA -
Title IX
Title IX Education Amendment of 1972 prohibits sex discrimination in any education program or activity receiving federal financial assistance.
https://www.hhs.gov/civil-rights/for-individuals/sex-discrimination/title-ix-education-amendments/index.html#:~:text=Title%20IX%20of%20the%20Education%20Amendments%20of%201972%20(Title%20IX,activity%20receiving%20federal%20financial%20assistance. -
IDEA
The Individuals with disabilities education act ensures that all children with an identified disability receive special education and related services to address their individual needs. Ensures that children with disabilities be prepared for employment and independent living.
https://www.washington.edu/doit/what-individuals-disabilities-education-act -
Standards Movement
The Standards Movement is the learning goal for what students should know and be able to do at each grade level. Education standards, like common core, are not a curriculum. Local communities and educators choose their own curriculum, which is a detailed plan for day-to-day teaching.
http://www.corestandards.org -
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Charter School Act of 1992
When lawmakers passed the Charter Schools Act of 1992, California became the second state in the country (after Minnesota) to enact charter school legislation. The intent was to allow groups of educators, community members, parents, or others to create an alternative type of public school.
http://library.ccsa.org/understanding/what-are-charter-schools.html#:~:text=When%20lawmakers%20passed%20the%20Charter,alternative%20type%20of%20public%20school.
Video: https://youtu.be/HxB8uxdz_mU -
No Child Left Behind
The No Child Left Behind Act is a federal law that provides money for extra educational assistance for poor children in return for improvements in their academic progress. NCLB is the most recent version of the 1965 Elementary and Secondary Education Act.
https://fairtest.org/what-no-child-left-behind-law/
Video: https://youtu.be/0--2nhsDorg
