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Aug 3, 1492
Columbus Lands in the Americas
Christopher Colombus left Spain and led three ships. He wanted to go to the Indies and get gold and other spices. He instead arrived in the Americas and decided to try and colonize. -
Jamestown
English men arrived in the Americas and wanted to colonize an area. They decided to go colonize Jamestown in Virginia. Jamestown is now known as the first permanent English settlement in North America. The settlers liked it because there was waters surrounding Jamestwon on both sides. They also created a wall arounf Jamestown for protection. -
Uboat (invention/Innovation)
Cornelis Drebbel invented the first submarine. We used it alot in WW1. Throughout history is began to develop to get easier for the transport of people for war. -
Pilgrims land
The Mayflower arrived in Cape Cod. The Pilgrims wanted to settle in New York but ended up landing in Cape Cod. The Pilgrims left because they wanted to practice new religion. They felt that the New England church was corrupt. -
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French/Indian war
Britain and France had colonies in North America. The British wanted to trade with the Indians at the Ohio River. The French built forts to protect their trade with the Indians. Britain declared war on France to gain control of the Ohio River Valley. Britain and France ended the war and signed the treaty of Paris. Britain took control of land controlled by the France. After the treaty was signed The British could have the area west of the Missippi River. -
Boston Tea Party*
This was an important part of causing the revolutionary war. It added to the tension of the colonists and British. British ships pulled up to docs wanting to sell their tea. The colonist bought from other colonists to protest the British. The ships refused to leave, so the colonists dressed as Indians and dumped the tea into the ocean. -
Lexington and Concord
The first battle of the revolutionary war. The British marched from Boston to Concord, because they wanted to destroy military supplies that were supposedly hidden there. They're were Americans surrounding the British at Concords North Bridge. They fired at the AMeircans to move them. The entire way back to Boston the british were being shot by Americans. The significance si that the American and British troops began shooting at eachother. -
Declaration of Independence
One of the purposes of the Declaration of Independence was to explain to nations why the colonies separated themselves from Great Britain. Many people wrote the declaration of independence, including Thomas Jefferson. 13 British colonies wanted to start their own country. It was written to show a new theory of government, one of the purposes of government is to protect the basic human rights of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. -
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Constitutional Convention
The constitutional convention was held in Philadelphia, 55 delegates attended. The purpose of the constitutional convention was to address the problems of the weak central government under the articles of confederation. After the convention, the constitution established a federal government with more specific powers. -
Cotton Gin (invention/innovation)
Eli Whitney invented the Cotton Gin. The Cotton Gin was mostly used in the south. Cotton production went much faster with the cotton gin. Cotton was a main resource then and now. Cotton became very prfotiable for planters, causing more slaves to be needed. -
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Jefferson Presidency
Jefferson was the third president of the United States. His biggest accomplishment was the Louisiana Purchase. He was also an author of the declaration of independence. Jefferson was a huge leader in Americas early development. Before his presidency he was the nations first secratary of state, and also the second vice president. -
Marbury v. Madison
This was the first time Congress declared something unconstitutional. This made a reason for judicial review. This means that American courts have the power to strike down laws. This changed Americas future in court. -
Louisiana Purchase
The Louisiana Purchase was a huge western region of North America. The Louisiana purchase is about 828,000 square miles. France/Napolean sold it to the US for 15 million dollars. The land gave the US control of the Missipii river and the port city of new orleans. The new land was used by farmers to ship goods and receive goods for trade. -
Steamboat (invention/innovation)
Robert Fulton invented the steamboat. The steamboat was mainly used for transportation of goods and trading. It went across rivers and bodies of water to go to other parts of world. -
Missouri Compromise
The Missouri compromise was about slavery. Congress met up and decided to admit Missouri as a slave state. Maine was admitted as a free state. This allowed the amount of slave and free states to be equal, which then made voting more equal as well. -
Monroe Doctrine*
United States policy of opposing EUropean coloism. President Monroe presented this doctrine. He did not want the US to interven in EUropean affairs, because he didnt want wars or conflict. -
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Jackson Presidency
President Jackson was the seventh President of the United States. He was known as a war hero after defeating the British in the battle of New Orleans. He beleived in more rights for the common man and did not like aristocracy. -
The Indian Removal Act
The Indian removal act was signed by President Andrew Jackson. The act gave the rights to the federal government to move Native Americans in the east. They moved the Native Americans to the west of the Mississippi River. This authorized the president to negotiate with Native American tribes for them to move to federal territory west of the Mississippi River in return for their land. -
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Underground Railroad*
The underground railroad was a passge usd by slaves to escape slavery. They wanted to go from the south to the north. The conductor would be a guide for escaped slaves. There would be houses called safe houses. They were owned by white people, and black people could hide in them. Harriet Tubman was a famous cnducotr. -
Bessemer Process*
A method of producing mass amount of steel that was better for a building. It removed the impurities of iron. This made it easier to produce at a lower cost. Sir Henry Bessemer patented the design. -
Dredd Scott v Sanford
The Court said that Congress lacked the power to ban slavery in U.S. territories. Dred Scott (an African American man) sued Sanford in a state court, saying that he was legally free because he and his family had lived in a territory where slavery was banned. Dredd Scott lost because the court said slaves were not citizens, so they could therefore not sue in federal court. -
Emancipation Proclamation
The Emancipation Proclamation helped to free slaves. President Lincoln demanded that the states that were rebelling against the federal government to free their slaves. The emancipation only applies to 10 states and not the other slaveholding states (who were union states). -
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Lincoln Presidency
Abraham Lincoln was the 16th president of the United States. He led the US through the Amercican civil war. He helped the union in the Civil war. He helped the emancipation of slaves through the 13th amendment. -
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Attack on Fort Sumter (start of civil war)
The Battle of Fort Sumter was the first battle of the American Civil War. South Carolina secede from the Confederates and assumed the fort would be theirs, but the Union refused. This caused way more tension. At the fort the Confederates shot the first shot of the war. -
Bull run/Manassas
This abttle was fought in Virginia. Thousands of union troops marched from the captial to attack confederate soldiers. This was considered a confederate vicotry. -
Thirteenth Amendment Ratified
The 13th amendment abolished slavery in the United States. The Amendment was passed under the presidency of Lincoln. The House of Representatives passed the 13th amendment with a vote of 119-56. This was just over the required two-thirds majority for voting. -
Surrender at Appomattox (end of Civil War)
The battle of Appomattox was the last battle of the civil war. In early 1865, the Union Army marched through the state of Virginia, pushing back the Confederates. Confederate General Robert E. Lee surrendered his Army to Union General Ulysses S. Grant. -
Lincoln Assassination
John Wilkes Booth assassinated Abraham Lincoln. Abraham Lincoln was the first assassinated president of the US. He was shot at the Ford Theater in the presidential booth. John Wilkes Booth supported the south, so he didn't like Lincolns views. John Walkes booth was found 12 days after the assassination and killed by soldiers in Virginia. -
Plessy v Ferguson
The U.S. Supreme Court passed Plessy v. Ferguson by a seven-to-one majority. This advanced the “separate but equal” law for assessing the constitutionality of racial segregation laws. It gave the rights of states to pass laws allowing racial segregation in places such as schools, public transportation, bathrooms, and restaurants. Plessy said this went against the equal protection clause of the 14th amendment. -
15th amendment*
This amendment gave African American men the right to vote. People should not be denied the right to vote based on race and color of skin. This was a huge step in the equality of America. -
telephone (invention/Innovation)
Alexandre Graham Bell invented the telephone. It made it easier for people to communicate. he got a patent for it in 1876. -
Phonograph (invention/innovation)
Thomas Edison was one the main inventors of the phonograph. He invented it at the Menlo Park lab. He invented the first machine that could record audio and play it back. The phonograph played back mostly music and audio. -
Chinese Exclusion Act
The Chinese Exclusion Act was an American law that prohibited Chinese workers from entering the United States. The act was signed by President Chester Arthur. People didn't want the chinese here because they were taking jobs. The Act was repealed in 1943, when China became an ally of the U.S against Japan in World War II. -
Motorcar (invention/Innovation)
Karl benz invented the first automobile. He was from Germany. This made it easier for people to get around. He received the first patent for a motor vehicle in 1886. -
Sherman Anti-Trust Act
The Sherman Anti-Trust Act was the first act that outlawed monopolies in businesses. It placed limits on power that was harmful to trade and competition. When it was first passed, the Act was ineffective at stopping industrial monopolies. -
Radio (invention/Innovation)
Guglielmo Marconi made the first radio. He was an Italian inventor. He sent and received his first radio signal in Italy. In 1899, he flashed the first wireless signal across the English Channel and two years later received the letter "S", from England to Newfoundland. Communication became much easier across countries and nations. -
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Spanish American War
The United States declared war on Spain after the sinking of the Battleship Maine. The US thought that the spanish blew it up, but it's concluded that it may have just been started by a fire in the ship. This happened at Havana harbor. The US was trying to help Cuba gain independence from spain. The war ended with the signing of the Treaty of Paris. -
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T. Roosevelt Presidency
Theodore Roosevelt was the 26th president of the US. He was the 25th vice president. He was famous for leading the rough riders in the battle of San Juan. He was famous for breaking up huge companies called monopolies. -
Airplane (Invention/innovation)
The Wright brothers made the airplane. They made the first powered, sustained and controlled airplane flight. Two years later they built and flew the first fully practical airplane. Before this, traveling and journeys took much longer and people weren't able to get across the world without boats. -
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Prohibition
There was a big wave of anti-saloon in urban areas. There was temporary prohibition across the US during WW1. Many states also passed prohibition before it became nationwide. People part of the movement were either religious or women. -
Model T automobile*
Henry Ford invented this automobile. It was made by an assembly line. This was the first automobile that the nonwealthy could afford. The ford costed around $350. -
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Harlem Renaissance
The Harlem Renaissance was an important period in African American history. An important activist in this period, was WEB Du bois. It was full of art, music and literature from and about African Americans. This was because black people migrated from the south to north. They migrated because they wanted to escape jim crow laws and segregation. The ideology of “black is beautiful” came about during this time. -
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Wilson Presidency
Woodrow Wilsoon was the 28th president of the US. He was president during WW1. Wilson believed in isolationism, until he felt we needed to go to war. After the war he helped negotiate a peace treaty/14 point plan in Versaille. Many people topped supporting him, because he was racist and his father fought for the confederates. -
WW1 Begins
The main causes of the war starting, were militarism, alliances, nationalism, imperialism, and assassination. The Serbians killed the Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary. Austria-Hungary then attacked Serbia, then Russia attacked Austria-hungary. Germany then attacked Russia, then France attacked Germany. Great britain joined to help France. -
Panama Canal
The Panama Canal was created by the US. The goal of the Panama canal was to create a passage through Panama. The passage would be cut in half, so it would take a shorter time to cross. The deal was that the US would have the canal for 100 years, and then give it back to Panama. This would give US the economic benfits. -
Rise of the K.K.K.
At the end of Civil war there was a rise in KKK members. The union won the civil war, so slaves became freedman and this made confderates mad. They formed groups to show their views. The main group was the KKK, they would go and terrorize blacks. They used violence. -
Wilson’s 14 Points
Woodrow Wilson presented the 14 point plan to Congress. The plan was to make stable, long-lasting peace throughout the world so their would be no more conflicting leading to more wars. It made the Allied forces have terms for peace in imperialized countries, and less militarism in the oceans. In the plan, the Allies did not like the part about letting the Germans off so easily, so they disagreed with that part. -
WW1 Ends
The end of the war happened, because the Central powers were weakened at all fronts. The Allies weakened the central powers by having many new soldiers, and by taking away their imperalized countries. Austria-Hungary dropped out of ar, so the Germans needed to find an agreement because they were out-maned. -
Eighteenth Amendment
The eighteenth amendment was about prohibition. It said that the manufacturing, import, and selling of alcohol was prohibited. The law was difficult to enforce because there was loopholes in the wording. People still drank it, because it wasn't in the amendment that you couldn't consume alcohol. Many people bought alcohol before the amendment wa enforced and kept it. There was also illegal selling of alcohol. -
Treaty of Versailles
The treaty of Versailles marked the end of WW1. There was a lot of negotiation about the terms of post-war, but only the Allied victors participated. The treaty made Germany strip itself of all of its colonies, it banned them from having large militaries, and made them pay for all war debts. It made Central Powers locations to be on odd borders. People believed the treaty of Versaille was a cause of WW2. -
Credit (Invention/Innovation)
Many peope bought on credit in the 1920s. It made it easier for people to buy what they wanted and pay it off later. Credit is still used to this day. People bought on credit without actually have the momey, causing the ecnomic crash of 1920. -
Nineteenth Amendment
The nineteenth amendment was about giving women equal rights. The Amendments gave women the freedom to vote. It said that the right to vote will not be denied on the account of sex. This was a huge goal of the suffrage movement, and it broke a glass ceiling. One of the main suffragist was Alice Paul who protested and picketed for women's rights. -
Scopes Trial
The was known as the Scopes monkey trial. It was about using modern science over tradition/religion. It was about the prosecution of John Scopes, a science teacher who taught evolution in a public school in Tennessee. Evolution was made illegal to teach in school, because it seemed to be against god. Many people of the south did not like this. Scopes was found guilty, and was fines $100. -
Gitlow v New York
The first Amendment was applied to the federal government and the state government. Benjamin Gitlow was arrested because criminal anarchy (overthrowing the government), because he published a newspaper about communism. Gitlow argued that he spoke about it and don't take any action. He argued he should be protected under the first amendment of free speech. The court ruled against him. Many rules after were created to expand free speech. -
Stock Market Crash
Before the crash, the US was in the roaring 20’s. People were partying and there were many wealthy people. Then the economy collapsed, the day it crashed is called black tuesday because billions of dollars were lost. Many investors also lost their money. Before this people were buying stuff on margin, and investing money they didn't have. Banks were also not trustworthy because there was barely any regulation and they lost people's money. -
Car Radio (invention /Innovation)
Paul Gavin invented the car radio. This made it possible to listen to news and events while on the road. This became known as the company Motorola. -
Roosevelt 1st Election
FDR was the 32nd president of the US, before that he was a New York govener. He was elected during the great depression. He needed to help how to figure out the crisi of the economy, people that were starving, and homelessness. It was a closr race when he was running for presidecnt against Herbert Hoover. Hoover made a huge mistake when he was running, which caused many people to turn against him. FDR won by thousands of votes. -
Civilian Conservation Corps
The CCC was a program set by Roosevelt to give young men a job during the great depression. They worked on envirnmental projects, , and made trails and shelters. The money these men made were sent back to their wives and kids. They did this so they werent able to waste their money and could put it to use. -
Social Security Act
This act was made by Roosevelt. He wanted the New deal to bring the US out of the great depression. He would get people to pay extra tax to fund the government assisstant program. This money was used for people unable to work. Many people benefitted from this act and it still exixsts to this day. -
FDR Court Packing Scandal
This is a name for Roosevelt's attempt at appointing new justices to the supreme court. He wanted to replace justices older than 70 years old. He did this so people would think the New deal is better. He promoted many new committees to be apart of the New deal, many were shot down by the court. He thought he could get more of his ideas and views passed if he set of the new rule.
