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Brown v. Board of Education
Supreme court otlaws school segregation in Brown v. Board of Education
Springfield,Missouri
i. Plessy v. Ferguson and Brown v. Board of Education
ii.Jim Crow laws were in efeect and judges ruled that black students were being violated in Topeka schools
iii.Justice Warren delivered the court's opinion, stating that "segregated schools are not equal and cannot be made equal, and hence they are deprived of the equal protection of the laws." -
The Rev. George Lee
killed for leading voter-registratioon drive
Belzoni,Mississsippi -
Lamar Smith
Murdered for organizing black voters
Brookhaven,Mississippi -
Emmet Louis Till
Murdered for speaking to a white woman
Money,Mississippi -
John Earl Reese
Slain by nightriders opposed to school improvements
Mayflower,Texas -
Rosa Parks Refusing to Give Up Her Bus Seat
Rosa Parks arrested for refusing to give up her bus seat to a white man
Montgomery,Alabama
i.Rosa Parks was on the bus and when there were no open seats. Then a white man tried to come and take her spot. She had refused to move because she saught there was no reason why she should get up for a white man.
ii.She was arrested -
Montgomery Bus Boycott Begins
Montgomery bus boycott begins -
Supreme Courts Ban Segregated Seating
Supreme court bans segregated seating on Montgomery buses -
Willie Edwards Jr.
Willie Edwards Jr. killed by klansmen
Montgomery,Alabama -
Civil Rights Act of 1957
Congress passes first civil rights act since reconstruction
Washington,DC
i.Congress
ii.Primarily a voting rights bill, was the first civil rights legislation passed -
Events at Little Rock,Arkansas
President Eisenhower orders federal troops to enforce school desegregation
Little Rock,Arkansas
i.Eisenhower ordered federal troops to enforce school desegregation
ii.The president sent troops and the President federalized the Arkansas National Guard and authorized calling the Guard and regular Federal forces to remove obstructions to justice in Little Rock school integration. -
Mack Charles Parker
Maack Charles Parker taken from jail and lynched
Poplarville,Mississippi -
Sit-in,North Carolina
Black students stage sit-in at "whites only" lunch counter
Greensberg,North Carolina -
Outlaw Bus Terminal Segregation
Supreme court outlaws segregation in bus terminals -
Attack of the Freedom Riders
Freedom Riders attacked in Alabama while testing compliance with bus desegregation laws
Alabama
i. Civil rights activists who rode buses into the segregated southern United States and following years to challenge the non-enforcement of the United States Supreme Court decisions Irene Morgan v. Commonwealth of Virginia and Boynton v. Virginia, which ruled that segregated public buses were unconstitutional
ii.Organizations that were against civil rights movements
iii.Whites too -
Herbert Lee
Voter registration worker killed by white legislator
Liberty,Mississippi -
Voter Registration Drive
Civil rights groups join forces to launch voter registration drive -
Cpl. Roman Ducksworth Jr.
Taken from bus and killed by police
Taylorsville,Mississippi -
James Meredith Enrolls at Ole Miss
Riots errupt when James Meredith,a black student,enrolls at Ole miss
Ole Miss,Mississippi
i.Meredith applied and was accepted to the University of Mississippi, but his admission was revoked when the registrar learned of his race. When he enrolled again the office was blocked by Governor Ross Barnett. He was later shot by a sniper
ii.The government was involved because the governor was found guilty of civil contempt -
Paul Guinhard Killed
A french reporter killed during Ole Miss riot
Oxford,Mississippi -
William Lewis Moore
Slain during one-man march against segregation
Artalla,Alabama -
Birmingham Police
Birmingham police attack marching children with dogs and fire hoses -
Alabama Governor, George Wallace
Alabama governor George Wallace stands in schoolhouuse door to stop university integration -
Medgar Evers Assassinated
Medgar Evers civil rights leader assassinated
Jackson,Mississippi
i.A civil rights leader during this time who is a African American
ii.He was at his house in bhis drive way and had gotten shot in the back and ricocheted into his home. The klu Klux Klan had killed him. -
The March on Washington
250,000 Americans march on Washington for civil rights
Washington,DC
i.Showed political and social challenges African Americans continued to face across the country and to gain jobs and freedom
ii.Martin Luther King Jr.’s “I Have a Dream” speech -
Bombing in Baptist Church
Addie Mae Collins,Denise Mcnair,Carole Robertson,Cynthia Wesley schoolgirls killed in bombing of Sixteenth Street Baptist Church
Birmingham,Alabama -
Virgil Lamar Ware
Youth killed during wave of racist violece
Birmingham,Alabama -
Poll Tax Outlawed
Poll tax outlawed in federal elections -
Louis Allen
Witness to murder of civil rights worker assassinated
Liberty,Mississippi -
The Rev. Bruce Klunder
Killed protesting construction of segregated schools
Cleveland,Ohio -
Henry Hezekiah Dee and Charles Eddie Moore
Killed by klansmen
Meadville,Mississippi -
Freedom Summer
Brings 1,000 young civil rights volunteers to Mississippi -
Civil Rights Workers Abducted
James Chaney,Andrew Goodman,Michael Schwerner civil rights workers abducted and slain by Klansmen
Philadelphia,Mississippi -
Civil Rights Act of 1964
President Johnson signs Civil Rights Act of 1964
Washington,DC
i.President Jonson
ii.outlawed discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin.It ended unequal application of voter registration requirements and racial segregation in schools, at the workplace and by facilities that served the general public -
Lt. Col. Lemuel Penn
Killed by Klansmen while driving north
Colbert,Georgia -
Jimmie Lee Jackson
Civil rights marcher killed by state trooper
Marion,Alabama -
Edmund Pettus Bridge
State troopers beat back marchers at Edmuund Pettus Bridge
Selma,Alabama -
The Rev. James Reeb
March volunteer beaten to death
Selma,Alabama -
March to Selma
Thousands complete the Selma to Montgomery Voting Rights March
Selma,Alabama
i. In support of a boycott by blacks of the Montgomery transit system
ii. violent resistance by state and local authorities
iii.They reached there goal to Montgomery with protection of federalized National Guard troops -
Viola Gregg Liuzzo
Killed by Klansmen while transporting marchers
Selma Highway,Alabama -
Oneal Moore
Black deputy killed by nightriders
Varnado,Louisiana -
Voting Rights Act of 1965
Congress passes Voting Rights Act of 1965 -
Willie Brewster
Killed by nightriders
Anniston,Alabama -
Jonathan Daniels
Seminary student killed by deputy
Hayneville,Alabama -
Samual Young Jr.
Students civil rights activist killed in dispute
Tuskegee,Alabama -
Vernon Dahmer
Black communist leader killed in Klan bombing
Hattiesbrag,Alabama -
Ben Chester White
Killed by Klansmen
Natchez,Mississippi -
Clarence Triggs
Slain by nightriders
Bogalusa,Louisiana -
Wharlest Jackson
Civil rights leader killed after promotion to "white job"
Natchez,Mississippi -
Benjamin Brown
Civil rights worker killed when police fired on protesters
Jackson,Mississippi -
Thurgood Marshall First Black Supreme Court Justice
Thurgood Marshall came in as first Supreme Court justice
Maryland,Delaware
i.He led the fight to dismantle the "separate but equal" doctrine in public education.
ii.This was a important event because it was a step in ending segregation. Also was a huge step in ending segregated schools and seeing that all people should be treated equally -
Highway Patrolmen Fire on Protesters
Samuel HammondJr.,Delano Middleton,Henry Smith. students killed when highway patrolmen fire on protesters
Orangeburg,South Carolina -
The Assassination of Dr. Martin Luther King
Assassinated
Memphis,Tenessee
i. He was shot by Earl Ray when he was standing on the balcony at evening and instantly a wave of riots broke out. He was in Memphis to support a sanitation worker's strike.
ii.He was saught by bopth as a man with great courage and strength by both races. He was the leader in peacful protests to help the people of the United States and to help the economically disadvantaged.
