History of the Protestant Faith

Holy Roman Emperor Constantine

306

Born on: 27 Feb 272
Birth Name: Flavius Valerius Aurelius Constantinus Augustus
Birth Place: Naissus, Moesia Superior (modern day Serbia)
Place of Death: Nicomedia
Father: Constantius I
Mother: Helena
Served in Roman army in 272 ce. Constantine was an apponent of Emperor Diocletian's "Great Persecution" of the Christians. In the winter of 304-5 Diocletian became ill and declared Constantine and Marcus Aurelius Valerius Maxentius Augustus as his heirs. On 01 May 305ce. Diocletian died.

Maxentius vs. Constantine

312

Constantine thought that the ROman Empire shoul dbe ruled by one man. This lead to war between Macentius' army and COnstantine's army. On 28 October 312 the armies of Maxentius, which out numbered Constantine's army meet.The night before battle Constantine received an image from God and adopted the Christian cross as his armies symbol.

The Winner

312

Constantine's forces although out numbered won the battle by using superior tactics. Maxentius body was fished out of the Tiberous river where he fell and was decapitated. COnstantine was awarded the first title by the Roman Senate and COnstantine's opponents was imprisoned.

Constantine as HRE

313

Constantine passed the rule that all religions could be practiced, even Christiandom. Constantine was awarded the title of Pontifex Maximus (high Priest). Emperors held this title as being the head of the ROman Pagan church. Many scholars thought that Constatine, like his mother was a Christian.

The First Council of Nicaea

325

First ecumenical council c0nvened by HRE Constantine to obtain a consensus in the Christain faith. From 250 - 318 attendees was present. One of the issues that was covered during this council was the divinity of Jesus, the date of Easter and the offical early canon law. The Council of Nicaea also decided on what teachings would be consider heresy.

The Great Schism

Jan 1, 1337

Date: 1378 to 1415
The Roman Catholic Church split when the King of France didn't like the italian Pope and elected his own Pope. A claim could be declared that the road to this division started when Pope Clement V moved the papacy from ROman to Avignon in 1309.

Brethren of the Common Life

Jan 1, 1387

A monastic order created by Geert Groote in 1387. Groote died before he could see his dream fully ocme in to being.

End of the Great Schism

Jan 1, 1415

Between 1414 and 1418 the Council of Constance healed the Schism. The papacy was moved back to Roman where Pope Martin V was elected as Pope in 1417 and his papacy lasted until 1431.

Martin Luther is born

Nov 10, 1483

Date of Birth: 10 Nov 1483
Martin Luther is born in Eislebrn, Saxony.
Parents is Hans Luder and his wife Margarethe.
Occupation: Monk, Priest, Theologian, Professor
Luthers dad sends him to several Latin schools to learn law. First to Mansfeld, then Magdeburg in 1497. In 1501, at the age of nineteen, he entered the University of Erfurt. Luther received his Masters Degree in 1505.

Birth of Thomas Muntzer

Jan 1, 1486

Born in Stolberg in the Harz Mountains (Saxony-Anhalt). Studies at the University of Leipzig and University of Frankfurt. Summer of 1516 to fall of 1518 stayed in Frohse. Influenced by Martian Luther's 95 Thesis.

Martin Luther becomes a Monk

Jul 2, 1505

Luther is riding his horse during a thunderstorm when a lightning bolt strikes near him. He vows to Saint Anna to devote his life to becoming a Monk. He left law school, sold his books, and entered a closed Augustinian friary in Erfurt on 17 July 1505.

Luther's Monastic Education

Jan 1, 1507

In 1507, he was ordained to the priesthood, and in 1508 began teaching theology at the University of Wittenberg. He received a Bachelor's degree in Biblical studies on 9 March 1508, and another Bachelor's degree in the Sentences by Peter Lombard in 1509.

John Calvin

Jul 10, 1509

Birth Name: Jean Calvin
Date of Birth: 10 July 1509
Date of Death: 27 March 1564
Place of Birth: Noyon, Picardy, France
Place of Death: Geneva, Switzerland
Occupation: Pastor, author, theologian

Angelicanism

Jan 1, 1511

This church came in to being because of King Henry VIII wanting to devorce his first wife on guards of a Biblical passage that said you could not marry the wife of your brother. His devorce wasn't giving discopassion by te Pope so Henry split from the Catholic Church and began the Church of England. The Angelical Church developed from that.

Luther's Doctor in Theology

Oct 19, 1512

On 19 October 1512, he was awarded his Doctor of Theology and, on 21 October 1512, was received into the senate of the theological faculty of the University of Wittenberg, having been called to the position of Doctor in Bible.

John Knox

Jan 1, 1513

Birth Name:John Knox
Date of Birth: His exact date of birth isn't known, it is said to be some time during 1513 and 1514.
Place of Birth: Near Haddington, East Lothian, Kingdom of Scotland
Date of Death:24 November 1572
Place of Death: Edinburgh, Kingdom of Scotland
Occupation: Pastor, author, reformer, and Theological work

John Know

Jan 1, 1513

Born:c. 1513–1514, the exact date is unknown.
Place of Birth: Near Haddington, East Lothian, Kingdom of ScotlandDied: 24 November 1572
Place of Death: Edinburgh, Kingdom of ScotlandOccupation: Pastor, author, reformer

Indulgents

Jan 1, 1516

In 1516, Johann Tetzel, a Dominican friar and papal commissioner for indulgences, was sent to Germany by the Roman Catholic Church to sell indulgences to raise money to rebuild St. Peter's Basilica in Rome.

The Ninety-Five Theses

Oct 31, 1517

On 31 October 1517, Luther wrote to his bishop, Albert of Mainz, protesting the sale of indulgences. "Disputation of Martin Luther on the Power and Efficacy of Indulgences," which came to be known as The Ninety-Five Theses.
A person who owns one of the first printing presses decides to print Luther's Ninety-Five Theses and publishes them.

World Spread of The 95 Theses

Jan 1, 1518

It was not until January 1518 that friends of Luther translated the 95 Theses from Latin into German, printed, and widely copied, making the controversy one of the first in history to be aided by the printing press. Within two weeks, copies of the theses had spread throughout Germany; within two months throughout Europe.

The threat of excommunication

Oct 1, 1518

After a year of building a case against Martin Luther. he is summoned to Rome by Pope Leo X. In 1520, Pope Leo X threated Luther with the papal bull (edict) Exsurge Domine that he risked excommunication unless he recanted 41 sentences drawn from his writings, including the 95 Theses, within 60 days.

Luther is Excommunicated

Dec 10, 1520

Luther, who had sent the Pope a copy of On the Freedom of a Christian in October, publicly set fire to the bull and decretals at Wittenberg on 10 December 1520,[56] an act he defended in Why the Pope and his Recent Book are Burned and Assertions Concerning All Articles. As a consequence, Luther was excommunicated by Pope Leo X on 3 January 1521, in the bull Decet Romanum Pontificem.

The Diet of Worms

Apr 18, 1521

On 18 April 1521 to 25 May 1521, Luther appeared as ordered before the Diet of Worms. This was a general assembly of the estates of the Holy Roman Empire that took place in Worms, a town on the Rhine. It was conducted from 28 January to 25 May 1521, with Emperor Charles V presiding. Prince Frederick III, Elector of Saxony, obtained a safe conduct for Luther to and from the meeting.

Martin Luther during his Dyas as captive.

May 25, 1521

AS martin was returnign to Wittenberg he was kidnapped and held captive at Wartburg Castle at Eisenach. During his stay here he translated the scriptures from Latin to German. Martin also wrote several other books wher ehe explained God's Garce.

Martin Luther the Outlaw

May 25, 1521

Over the next five days, private conferences were held to determine Luther's fate. The Emperor presented the final draft of the Diet of Worms on 25 May 1521, declaring Luther an outlaw, banning his literature, and requiring his arrest: "We want him to be apprehended and punished as a notorious heretic." It also made it a crime for anyone in Germany to give Luther food or shelter. It permitted anyone to kill Luther without legal consequence.

Martin Luther's return

Mar 6, 1522

Martin secretly returns to Witennburg. 9 March, Luther preached eight sermons, which became known as the "Invocavit Sermons." Luther next set about reversing or modifying the new church practices. Luther was unable to stifle radicalism further afield. Preachers such as Zwickau prophet Nicholas Storch and Thomas Müntzer helped instigate the German Peasants' War of 1524–25, during which many atrocities were committed, often in Luther's name, but Luther opposed teh rebels.

The 12 Nuns

Apr 1, 1523

Martin Luther helped 12 Nuns escape from the Nimbschen Cistercian convent in April 1523, when he arranged for them to be smuggled out in herring barrels. "Suddenly, and while I was occupied with far different thoughts," he wrote to Wenceslaus Link, "the Lord has plunged me into marriage."[86] Katherina was 26 years old, Luther was 41 years old.

Anabaptist

Jan 1, 1524

Founded by Conrad Grebel and Thomas Müntzer. It means "those who are rebaptized." They are a New Testament Protestant movement.

Battle of Frankenhausen

May 15, 1525

Without Luther's backing for the uprising, many rebels laid down their weapons; others felt betrayed. Their defeat by the Swabian League at the Battle of Frankenhausen on 15 May 1525, followed by Müntzer’s execution, brought the revolutionary stage of the Reformation to a close,

Thomas Muntzer's death

May 27, 1525

Backed the Peasant's War and te Anabaptist movement. Was beheaded in Muhlhausen in Thuringia. Disagreed with Martin on: Infant Baptism, the bread and wine of the Eucharist is only a symbology of Christ, and he believed and taught that the Bible was the living word of God.

Martin and Katharina von Bora Wedding

Jun 13, 1525

On 13 June 1525, the couple was engaged with Johannes Bugenhagen, Justus Jonas, Johannes Apel, Philipp Melanchthon and Lucas Cranach the Elder and his wife as witnesses. On the evening of the same day, the couple was married by Bugenhagen. The ceremonial walk to the church and the wedding banquet were left out, and were made up two weeks later on 27 June.

Martin Luther's Married Life

Jul 14, 1525

Luther and his wife moved into a former monastery, "The Black Cloister," a wedding present from the new elector John the Steadfast (1525–32). They embarked on what appeared to have been a happy and successful marriage, though money was often short.Between bearing six children, and Margaret – 1534. Katharina helped the couple earn a living by farming the land and taking in boarders.

Martin Luther's Married Life (cont.)

Dec 1, 1525

From Dec 1525 to 1534, Luther spent his time on reforming the church and writing additional texts. "Bondage of the Will and the Catechism", "Small Catechism", and "Large Catechism" is some of the titles that Martin wroet during this time. Luther had published his German translation of the New Testament in 1522, and he and his collaborators completed the translation of the Old Testament in 1534, when the whole Bible was published.

The Council of trent

Dec 31, 1545

Conveined by Pope Paul IV, this council lasted until 1563 ending with Pope Pius IV. The council developed the reformation of the Catholic Church. It decided on the doctrine and teachings.

Luthers Death

Feb 18, 1546

Between 1531 and 1546 Martin's health began to deteriorate and he suffered from angina. In 18 Feb 1546 just 3 days after he gave his sermon at Eisleben, his place of birth, Martin Luther died. A cast of his face and hands was made after his death.

Papal Reformation

Jan 1, 1555

When Pope Paul IV was elected to be Pope in 1555, he started to reform the Catholic Church.

The Massacre of St. Bartholomew's Day

Aug 18, 1571

A planned amrriage between a Catholic and a Protestant, one of wich was the daugther of Catherinr de Medici. The Protestant royals was lullued by the good grace of their hosts and was murdered.

King James V Bible

Jan 1, 1604

King James V ordered that the Bible be translated in to English so everyone could read it. The translation began in 1604 and ended in 1611. The King James Bible is the highest selling book of al times. Kiig James wanted the Bible to reflect the teachings of teh Church of Englnad.

Episcopal Church

Jan 1, 1607

Started as a movement with the Church of England. Its members moved to the American Colonies and started a settlement of Jamestown, Virginia in 1607. Authority was based from the Bishop in England. By 1785 seven settlements in different states was formed.

Baptists

Jan 1, 1609

Formed in Amsterdam, with English Separatist John Smyth as its pastor. Based on the teachings in the New Testament and salvation through Jesus Christ.

Quakers

Jan 1, 1640

Following the English Civil War many dissenting Christian groups emerged in dissatisfaction of the Church of England. They formed this movement and was lead by John Foxx. In 1650, Foxx was brought before magistrates Gervase Bennet on a charge of religious blasphemy. To avoid further persecution, they left for the Americas.

Jacobites

Jun 10, 1688

This was a movement to restore te Staurt King James tand his decendants to the throne. It developed in to a religion that is losely based on Catholicism.

Presbyterian

Jan 1, 1707

Started by John Knox in Scottland and based off of the teachings of Martian Luther and John Calvin.

Methodist

Jan 1, 1729

Part of the Evangelical Movement, the Methodist was began as a small religious meeting group by John and Charles Wesley and James Whitefield. They called themselves the Hold Order CLub, but was jokingly called Methodists by the community. This name stuck to themafter them was excommunicated by the Church of England. John didn't want to seperated from the Church of ENgland, but his excommunication forced his hand.

The Great Awakening

Jan 1, 1730

Refers to the raise of Protestantism in teh American by people such as Johnathon Edwards, James Whitefield, and Joseph Tracy. Lasted until 1740.

Evangelicalism

Jan 1, 1730

A Protestant movement which formed in to the Methodist in 1730. Based around:
The need for personal conversion, or being "born again"
A high regard for biblical authority
An emphasis on teachings that proclaim the saving death and resurrection of the Son of God, Jesus Christ[1]
Actively expressing and sharing the gospel

Hegelianism

Oct 14, 1806

A philosophical started by G.W.F. Hegel that focused on thee stages.
in itself (An-sich)
out of itself (Anderssein)
in and for itself (An-und-für-sich).

Nazism

Oct 11, 1931

The offical party of the Third Reicht. Formed under the belief that the arian race is the superior race. They wanted to exterminate the Jewish race and other organizations that went against their teachings.