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Plessy vs. Ferguson (1896)
A black man attempted to ride in the same train cart as whites, this was not permitted, and he was arrested. In this case the supreme court ruled equal but separate accommodations when in public spaces. This decision permitted Jim-crow laws and made racial discrimination legal. -
G.I Bill of Rights (1944)
This act was an effort to provide veterans who fought in WWll a college education and housing. The Bill helped nearly 8 million veterans receive homes and benefits from training. However, by 1956 the bill expired but there are still many resources now to help veterans. -
Brown vs. Board of Education
In 1954 the supreme court ruled that separate but equal was a violation of our fourteenth amendment and that black children should be allowed to attend the same schools as white children. Separate education simply could not be equal and emotionally children. In the field of education it is important all children feel included and welcomed.
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Little rock nine (1957)
During this time the law declared all schools needed to be desegregated. The NACCP attempted to register black students in previously all white schools, and they did not welcome the students. Therefore, President Eisenhower ordered the National guards to protect the African American students.
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Every Student Succeeds Act (1965)
The ESEA act was passed in 1965 by President Lyndon B. Johnson, he believed all children deserved a full education to better our country. ESEA gave more funding for educational resources especially to low-income communities. -
IDEA of 1975
In 1975 the Individuals with disabilities Education Act was passed enabling all children an equal opportunity to education. It was originally known as the Education of Handicapped Children Act. Through this act children from ages 3 and 21 years old must have services to accommodate them in the Education system. -
No Child Left Behind Act of 2001
The no child left behind act held schools responsible for academic standards and student achievements. All students must be assessed and receive the accommodations needed to do so. This act also came with extra resourced such as Title 1 or 2 depending on each schools score. -
Federal Tribal Colleges Act
In 1978 this act was passed to serve isolated Native American populations. This act also provided federal assistance to Indian colleges or universities. The tribal act allowed for educational facilities to be built within the Indian reserves with federal grants. -
School choice (1993)
Prior to this act children were assigned a school to attend based on the area they lived. However, the reform initiative gave students and parents a choice that allowed students to attend schools outside of their local area. This resulted in an increase of attendance in charter or magnet schools. -
Proposition 187 (1994)
In 1994 the people of California came up with a ballot initiative to deny social services to illegal immigrants. Public schools are considered a public service, and this could’ve possibly denied many children of an education. Fortunately, the courts found this to be unconstitutional under the 14th amendment.