HISTORY OF PSYCHOLOGY

By msalazarod2
  • 387 BCE

    Plato

    Plato
    suggested the brain is the mechanism of mental processes

  • Franz Gall

    Franz Gall
    wrote about phrenology - a person's skull and bumps on the head can reveal personality traits -

  • Sir Francis Galton

    Sir Francis Galton
    publishes the book Hereditary Genius, arguing that
    intellectual abilities are biological in nature.

  • Wilhelm Wundt

    Wilhelm Wundt
    founded the first laboratory of Psychology at the University of Leipzig, marking the beginning of the study of human emotions, behaviors, and cognitions.

  • Sir Francis Galton

    Sir Francis Galton
    developed the correlation tecnique to understand the interrelationships in his intelligence studies.

  • William James

    William James
    published ‘Principles of Psychology,’ that later became the foundation for functionalism.

  • John Dewey

    John Dewey
    writings began the school of thought known as functionalism.

  • Edward Thorndike

    Edward Thorndike
    developed the ‘Law of Effect,’ arguing that “a stimulus-response chain is strengthened if the outcome
    of that chain is positive.”

  • Sigmund Freud

    Sigmund Freud
    published ‘Interpretation of Dreams’ marking the beginning of Psychoanalytic Thought.

  • Edward Thorndike

    Edward Thorndike
    published first article on animal intelligence leading to the theory of Operant Conditioning

  • William Stern

    William Stern
    developed the formula for the Intelligence Quotient (IQ) after studying the scores on Binet’s
    intelligence test

  • Egas Moniz

    Egas Moniz
    published his work on frontal lobotomies as a treatment for mental illness.

  • Electroshock

    Electroshock
    therapy was first used on a human patient

  • Carl Rogers

    Carl Rogers
    published ‘Counseling and Psychotherapy’ suggesting that respect and a non-judgmental approach to therapy is the foundation for effective treatment of mental health issues

  • B.F. Skinner

    B.F. Skinner
    outlined behavioral therapy, lending support for behavioral psychology via research in the literature.

  • Abraham Maslow

    Abraham Maslow
    helped to found Humanistic Psychology and later developed his famous Hierarchy of Needs

  • Howard Gardner

    Howard Gardner
    introduced his theory of multiple intelligence, arguing that intelligence
    is something to be used to improve lives not to measure and quantify human beings

  • Emergence of managed care

    Emergence of managed care
    prompts the APA to become more political, leading to the idea of Prescribing Psychologists and equity in mental health coverage