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Phoenix Indian School
Native-American children were required to attend English-only schools where they were punished for speaking their primary-language (Diaz-Rico, 2012). photo courtesy of National Archives and Records Administration -
United States wins Spanish-American War
All instruction in schools, both public and private, must be presented in English (Diaz-Rico, 2012). photo from www.tennismills.org -
Historic Supreme Court Decision
This significant court decision states that Nebraska violated the Due Process Clause of the 14th Amendment and prohibited language restriction in education (Diaz-Rico, 2012). photo from www.amazon.com -
Bilingual Education wanes in United States
During this time in history, bilingual education virtually disappears (Diaz-Rico, 2012). photo from www.perdaily.com -
Bilingual Education is born again
In Florida, Cuban immigrants request bilingual education for their children (Diaz--Rico, 2012). photo from www.sandiegofreepress.org -
The Civil Rights Act
This act ensures equality in the pursuit of happiness, including education, regardless of race, color, and nationality (Diaz-Rico, 2012). photo from www.loc.gov -
Historic Court Case
A group of Chinese students sued San Francisco Unified School District. The claimed that "sink or swim" instruction was in violation of their Civil Rights (Diaz-Rico, 2012). photo from www.haikudeck.com -
Proposition 227
This requires that all instruction in public schools be done in English (Diaz-Rico, 2012). photo from www.articles.latimes.com -
No Child Left Behind Act
Due to this act, federal funding now support educating English learners (Diaz-Rico, 2012). photo from www.edreach.us -
HIstorical court case
Due to this ruling, California schools must provide textbooks, facilities, and teachers to English learners (Diaz-Rico, 2012). photo from www.justschools.gseis.ucla.edu References Diaz-Rico, L.T. (2012). A course for teaching English learners
(2nd edition). Boston, MA: Pearson Education.
