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The Equality of Educational Opportunity Study
African American children benefit from attending integrated schools sets the tone for school busing and desegregation. Also known as the "Coleman Study," was commissioned by the United States Department of Health, Education, and Welfare in 1966 to assess the availability of equal educational opportunities to children of different race, color, religion, and national origin. -
Bilingual Education Act
This act provides federal legislation that provided funding to school districts to develop bilingual education programs. The Bilingual Education Act was the first federal legislation to address the unique educational needs of students with limited English-speaking ability (later called “limited English proficient”). It set the stage for further legislation regarding equality of educational opportunity for language minorities. -
Shirley Anita St. Hill Chisholm
First African American women to be elected into the U.S. Congress. -
Pennsylvania Association for Retarded Children (PARC) v. Pennsylvania
Students who suffer from mental retardation are entitled to free public education. Also, established the standard that each child must be offered an individualized education and that children should be placed in the least restrictive environment possible. -
Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972
Prohibits discrimination based on sex in all aspects of education. -
Equal Educational Opportunities Act
Against discrimination and required overcoming barriers that prevent equal protection. Protects the rights of students. -
Education of All Handicapped Children Act (PL 94-142)
Free public education is provided to each student to their needs and offered in the least restrictive setting for all "handicapped" children. -
No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB)
Replaced the Bilingual Education Act of 1968. high-stakes student testing, holds schools accountable for student achievement levels, and provides penalties for schools that do not make adequate yearly progress toward meeting the goals of NCLB. -
Higher Education Act
Expands the ability to access high level education for the low and middle class students. This would include additional funds for graduate studies and increasing accountability. -
Transgender equality
School districts must let transgender students use the bathroom that matches their gender identity. Currently not a law but those who don't follow could face lawsuits or lose federal aid.
