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Primitive Times (4000 BC - 3000 BC)
People believed that sickness was caused by supernatural beings and performed sacrifices and ceremonies to apease them. Herbs were used as medicine and a process called trephiing becomes more popular. -
Ancient Egypt (3000 BC- 300 BC)
Earliest people to record medical records, priests were physicians, using medicine on cuts and practiced bloodletting. When nothing worked they prayed to their gods. They also practiced bloodletting. -
Early Greek Medicine (1200 BC-200 BC)
Took an effort to examine the body and its afflictions. Hippocrates dubbed Father of Medicine, organized a way to observe the body, started to chart various illnesses, and wrote the ethical Oath of Hippocrates, still used today. Disease was a result of improper sanitation. -
Chinese Medicine (1700 BC- 220 AD)
Religion prohibited dissection of bodies, so anatomy was unknown, treated diseases with acupuncture and stone tools. -
Roman Medicine (753 BC-410 AD)
First to provide medical care for soldiers. Hospitals were founded, physicians care for patients in their homes. Improved sanitation through aqueducts, sewers, and filter systems. Claudius Galen was a physician and endorsed dissection but was only allowed to dissect animals. He also thought pulse had a large role in diagnosis. -
Dark Age Medicine (400-800 AD)
Medical studies had stopped for over 1000 years, medical care was degated to monostaries and monks prayed for their patients to be healed. -
Middle Age Medicine (800-1400 AD)
Herbal medicine was on the rise, and medicine was becoming relevant in Greek and Rome again. The bubonic plague kills 3/4ths of the population of Europe and Asia. Smallpox, diphtheria, tuberculosis and syphilis also claim many lives. -
Renaissance (1350-1650 AD)
Known as a rebirth of science, schools of medicine were erected, and people began to research diseases instead of accepting them as gods will. It was no longer taboo to dissect humans Printing press made medical books easily available. IMPORTANT FIGURES: Leonardo da Vinci: Renown inventor and scientist, Leonardo studied and recorded the anatomy of the body in great detail. -
16th and 17th Century Medicine
IMPORTANT FIGURES: William Harvey:Found the circulation of blood to and from the heart in 1628. Anton van Leeuwenhoek: Invented the microscope in 1666. Gabriel Fallopius: Discovered the fallopian tubes in females in 1548. Bartolomeo Eustacho: Discovered the eustachian tubes in the ear. -
18th Century Medicine
IMPORTANT FIGURES: Benjamin Franklin: Pioneered the bifocals and the urinary catheter. Edward Jenner: Invents a smallpox vaccine in 1796. -
Nineteenth Century
IMPORTANT FIGURES: Ignaz Semmelweiss: Noticed that physicians were not practicing proper sanitation, resulting in mothers getting childbed fever.1847 He died from sepsis on a cut he received during an autopsy. Rene Laennec: Invented the stethoscope in 1819. Florence Nightingale: Mother of modern nursing, established nurse units during the Crimean War in 1854. Opened a school of Nursing. Clara Barton: Founded the AMerican Red Cross in 1881. Louis Pasteur: The Father of Microbiology, proved that -
Nineteenth Century (Cont.)
microbiology cause disease, that pasteruizing milk kills bacteria and created a vaccine for rabies in 1885. Joseph Lister:Started using antiseptics and disinfectants to curb infection in 1885. Robert Kock:eveloped the culture plate method to identify pathogens and also isolated the bacteria that causes tuberculosis. Wilhelm Roentgen:discovered x-rays in 1895 -
Twentieth Century
IMPORTANT FIGURES: Sigmund Freud: His studies formed the cornerstone for psychology and psychiatry. Sir Alexander Fleming:Discovered penicillin in 1932 Jonas Salk: Developed a vaccine that killed polio Albert Sabin: Used a vaccine that had a live version of the virus. -
Medicine Today
Public education is on the rise, people are more proactive about their own health. Advancements are always being found, telemedicine, diseases are being eradicated, organs get transplanted, limbs can be reattached, the list goes on and on. Two new inovations would be the glucose testing contact lens, and the nerve blockers. -
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Medicine is the most important delegation of science I can think of. It saves lives, improves them, and helps people all over the world lead happier lives. One of the crucial parts of a diagnosis is the use of Radiology. They are non-invasive procedures that can be used to view tissues, bones, blood vessels and even implants. There are multiple types of scans, like the standard x-ray, to CAT Scans, MRIs and even ultrasounds. Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen discovered X-rays in 1895 by accident while exp -
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experimenting with a cathode ray tube in his laboratory. Radiology is still being improved today, with advancements in diagnosis, nuclear medicine and the use of contrasts.
