-
René Descartes' 'Le Monde'
Beginning to understand Mechanical Philosophy; Descartes -
The Corpuscular Theory
Robert Boyle's Corpuscular Mechanical Philosophy (1674) -
Discovery of Dephlogisticated Air (1775)
Joseph Priestley -
A link between Respiration and Combustion (1780)
Using instruments of a self designed instrument and a vacuum with treated air, Lavoisier experiments on a candle flame as well as a guinea pig by the amount of ice melted from the heat emitted by an animal. -
Lavoisier’s Elements of Chemistry (1789)
In a landmark publication, Lavoisier’s Elements of Chemistry introduces a paradigm of a system of elements. -
A New System of Chemical Philosophy (1808)
Dalton uses his own atomic theory to reconsider how matter combined with itself, finding the conservation of mass to be very important. -
Combination by Volume (1809)
Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac finds every element’s gaseous state abides by simple and regular laws. -
Harmony in Molecular Theory (1811)
Avogadro wondered whether Dalton's and Gay-Lussac's findings could be true. -
Understanding and Applying Heat (1824)
Carnot tries to simplify the theory of heat and convey to the French public what is really happening in steam engines. -
Joule's Mechanical Equivalent (1844)
James Joule's experiment in which he used a falling weight to spin a paddle wheel revealed that motion raised the temperature of water. -
Count Rumford Bores Cannons (1851)
An experiment on the heat created through boring cannons is a shot across the bow at phlogiston theory. -
On the Interaction of Natural Forces (1854)
Helmnoltz declares heat is one of multiple types of forces -
Clausius' Kinetic Theory of Heat (1857)
Heat as translational motion. -
Karlsruhe Congress (1860)
Chemistry becomes an international discussion -
The Pointsman (1867)
Matthew Stanley’s distinction exposes a difficulty of reductionism.
