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1850-mid 1900s Professional Movement
The professional movement was dominated by professionals. They made decisions for people, designed treatments. Parents and other individuals trusted the professionals assuming they had the education they needed. -
Early 20th Century
Those with an intellectual disability were warehoused in institutions to protect society from those with the disability. People were forcibly sterilized. People were viewed as a menace to society. -
1950's The Second Wave
This is the parent movement and was after World War 2. Parents because dissatisfied with the options being provided to them by professionals. They began to want their sons and daughters to be home with them and be able to go to school with their siblings. They did not want them in the state institutions. The movement established a sense of community. -
Third Wave
Self-advocacy or self-determination which is based off community inclusion for those with an intellectual disability within school, home, and work. These people want and deserve to be supported within their communities. -
AAMR
A definition was created for those with an intellectual disability. The definition for AAMR in 1992 established an upper IQ cutoff of 75 and requires that 2 of 10 specified adaptive skill areas be "limited" to establish a diagnosis of mental retardation. -
Strengths Based
Community inclusion opened up many doors for those with an intellectual disability. Within school, home, and work more people began to focus on the strengths and what they done well rather than what they struggled with. This was so important to society and to those with the impairment. -
Modifications and Technology
Modifications and technology were put in place to provide much more support towards those who were identified to have an intellectual disability.