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3900 BCE
Disease Caused by?
They believed that illness and disease was caused by spirits, and ceremonies were made. -
3600 BCE
Treatments for sick?
The bark of a cinchona tree is used to control fevers and relives muscle spasms. The foxglove plant is injected or swallowed in a pill form to control heart conditions. -
3100 BCE
Medicines used today
Belladonna and atropine are made from a nightshade plant and they relieve muscle spasms, (GI pain). Digitalis are used to control and treat heart conditions. Quinine controls fever and comes from a cinchona tree. Morphine is used to control and treat severe pain. -
Period: 3000 BCE to 4000 BCE
Early Beginnings
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Period: 2999 BCE to 399
Ancient Times
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2900 BCE
Ancient Egyptians
They were very good at keeping accurate health records, they also called to god to heal very single one. They were very good at identifying different diseases, priests acted like physicians. Medicines were used to heal anything and everything like fractures to disorders. Leeches were used to suck up blood. -
1900 BCE
Ancient Chinese
They used the development of acupuncture to cure illness and diseases and is still used today. -
900 BCE
Ancient Greeks
Medicine was considered art and physicians had a sacred mission. Illnesses are caused because of spirits or spiritual causes. They also kept record of everything, every symptom, etc. Dissection was based on religious custom and Hippocrates was based on Anatomy, he wrote down very little thing he found and made a sanitation system. -
100
Ancient Romans
Sending medical equipment was very important in Roman times. Physicians were paid by the Roman Government, Roman Physicians wore a death mask, these helped them from infection or bad odors. They had a certain rooms in their houses for the ill. They brought water into the cities by aqueducts, built sewers and made public baths with filtering systems. -
Period: 400 to 800
Dark Age
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500
Stopped the study of medicine, why?
The church believed that both life and death are in gods hands and he controls it. The treatment was a simple prayer. -
700
How do they treat disease?
Treatment was simple as herbal mixtures. Some vaccines can treat certain illnesses. -
Period: 800 to 1400
Middle Age
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1100
Epidemics
The bubonic plague killed 60 million people, they couldn’t find something to control it at the time now in the future they have it controlled with medicine and vaccines. -
Period: 1350 to
Renaissance
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1450
Rebirth?
During this time, universities and medical schools are being built. The body of dissection is for only study during thus time period, they also started to print and publish books. -
Period: 1501 to
16th & 17th Centuries
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1515
Leonardo da Vinci
He studied and recorded the anatomy of the body. -
1550
Gabriele Fallopious
She discovered the Fallopian tubes from female anatomy. -
1563
Bartolommeo Eustachio
He discovered the Eustachian tube, the tube from the ear to the throat. -
Willam Harvey
He used his knowledge to describe the circulation of blood pumping to the heart. -
Anotonie won Leeuwenhoek
He invented the microscope and scraped his teeth and found bacteria that caused tooth decay. -
Apothecaries
He engaged in drugs and spices trade from the east. Pharmacies were just starting to open. -
Period: to
18th Century
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Benjamin Franklin
Benjamin found the bifocals and discovered that colds can spread to person to person. -
Medical students learning
Students attended school like in patients rooms observing everything but they also did classroom lecture and labs. When a patient died they opened the patient up and got to dissect the body, like what they call today as an autopsy. -
Joseph Priestley
He discovered the oxygen, and the element of oxygen. He observed plants as well. -
Edward Jenner
His discovery saved millions due to finding the vaccination for smallpox. -
Rene Laennec
She invented the stethoscope, at first was made of wood, this increased being able to hear if their was a disease present at the time of exam. -
Period: to
19th & 20th Centuries
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Ignaz Semmelweis
He found the cause of childbed fever, women got this fever after giving birth, they also could of died because the person delivering their baby didn’t bother to wash their hands. -
Florence Nightingale
She started a school for nursing, training, protection, and built and put together a perfect, clean, healthy hospital, unlimited beds, and 3 windows on each side so their was air flow. -
Louis Pasteur
He is known as “ Father of Microbiology,” he has studied to find microorganisms, he proved that these can cause diseases, he also created the vaccine for rabies. -
Dmitri Lvanovski
He discovered these diseases like, poliomyelitis, chicken pox, rabies, German measles, measles, herpes zoster, influenza, and mumps. -
Jospeh Lister
He was the first doctor to use an antiseptic during a surgery. -
Ernst von Bergmann
He knew and discovered asepsis, and found the germ infections and wounds. -
Robert Koch
He identified and found pathogens and isolated bacterium that was caused by tuberculosis. -
Paul Ehrlich
He used many chemicals to use together to fight diseases, it took him 606 experiments to find the right mixture to work. He discovered the effects of medicine in microorganisms. -
Wilhelm Roentgen
His discovery was x-rays! His very first picture was his wife’s hand, this led to many more discoveries to find other bones. -
Anesthesia
They never used anesthesia, but they would give them just pain medication after the procedure, or if the pain was to bad then they would choke them to knock them unconscious. During surgery patients died from shock and pain. Nitrous Oxide was used in dental procedures to knock them out, then they started to use that. This is meant to put people out for long enough to not cause pain at all. -
Sir Alexander Fleming
He found penicillin that killed bacteria, the bacteria was life threatening at the time. -
Sigmund Freud
His discovery was the parts of the mid of being unconscious and conscious, he was very determined that the body and mind always work together and he also found the psychosomatic illness. -
Gerhard Domagk
He discovered sulfonamide compounds and these were given to the people who had effective in killing diseases. -
Jonas Salk
He discovered that dead polio viruses causes immunity to poliomyelitis. -
Albert Sabin
He made a live polio virus vaccine and now today babies can get vaccinated for it! -
Francis Crick & James Watson
They discovered the molecular structure of DNA and won a Nobel prize in Medicine. -
Christian Bardnard
He was the first person to successfully to give a heart transplant. -
Ben Carson
He was able to do surgeries on the tops of heads and perform hemispherectomies. -
Heart Disease
Heart disease deaths have dropped 40 % since they have made different restrictions against smoking. -
Invasive Techniques
Doctors have now changed how they would cut open a patient, it used to be very only scars, now they can be small, and now people can have a shorter recovery time due to this. -
Period: to
21st Century
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Geriatric Medicine
Nowadays we have assisted living for our senior citizens, this has the ability for them to have assistance if needed, they are sent to this facility if they are needing help. -
Telemedicine
Today we use computers to put in notes or if they need a refill on their prescription. This is how we communicate. -
Covid-19
Covid-19 had caused over millions of deaths in the past year. Today they have a vaccine to help or stay clear from it.