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Evil spirits -
- blood letting
- exorcism
- prayer and divine intervention
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-Digitalis
(Treat heart conditions)
-Quinine
(Controls fevers, relives muscles)
-Belladonna and atropine
(Relive muscle spasms)
-Morphine -
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-Health records
(First to keep accurate health records)
-Who are physicians
(Priests)
-How did they heal
(Medicine, learned to splint fractures, bloodletting with leeches) -
-Development of acupuncture
(Treat disease and sickness, turned into acupuncture) -
-Illness cause Nature vs. Spiritual
(Ancient Greeks were the first to study cause of illness, figure out it was natural, and not spiritual)
-Dissection
(Bodies were not allowed to be dissected)
-Hippocrates
(Wrote the standard of ethics “Oath of Hippocrates” -
-Sanitation System
(Brought clean water into city’s, built sewers, built public baths)
-Organize medical care
(First to organize medical care)
-Hospital development
(Kept rooms in their homes for people that were sick) -
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-The church believed life and death were the choice of God. -
- Treatment turned into prayer
- Herbal mixtures
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Caused millions of deaths
-bubonic plague (60 million people)
-smallpox
-diphtheria
-syphilis
-tuberculosis -
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-Universities
(Building university’s and medical schools to increase research)
-Dissection
(Acceptance of dissection to study the body)
-Books
(Development of books to give people greater understanding and research) -
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Studied and recorded anatomy of the human body. -
Discovered the Fallopian tubes-female anatomy -
Discovered the tube leading from the ear to the throat (Eustachian tube) -
Was able to describe circulation of blood and pumping of the heart. -
Invented the microscope -
Pharmacies increased as well as drugs and spices
-decrease in disease -
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Discovered bifocals, and that colds are contagious -
- attended lectures
- observed patients at their bedsides
- dissected bodies, observe disease process
- helped students understand the cause of death and illness
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-Discovered that micro organisms cause infections
-Used carbolic acid to kill germs in wounds to stop the spread of infection
- found the element oxygen -
Discovered vaccination for smallpox, this led to the discovery of immunization -
Invented the stethoscope-helped doctors discover disease -
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- found the cause of childbed fever
- learned that washing hands can get rid of germs and prevent illness
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-Took a group of women to the Crimean War to care for soliders suffering with cholera -
- “Father of Microbiology”
- Discovered tiny microorganisms are everywhere and cause disease
- Found out heating milk prevented growth of bacteria
- Created vaccine for rabies
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- Discovered viruses (microorganisms that cant be seen with a microscope)
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-First doctor to use an antiseptic during surgery
-Used carbolic acid on wounds to kill the germs that cause infection -
-Developed asepsis
-Found a way to keep an area clean and sanitary before and during surgery -
- Discovered multiple diseases-causing organisms
- Developed culture plate method (identify pathogens and Isolate bacteria that causes tuberculoses) -Introduced importance of being sanitary and clean to help prevent the spread of disease
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-Found a theory for the bodies immune system
- worked hard in learning about chemotherapy -
- discovered x-rays
- allowed doctors to see inside their patients
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- used herbs, hashish, alcohol, and choked their patients to relieve pain during surgery
- nitrous oxide was discovered
- puts people into a deep sleep so they don’t feel any pain during surgery
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- Found penicillin killed life threatening bacteria
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- found conscious and unconscious parts of the mind
- led to the understanding of psychosomatic illness
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-Discovered sulfonamide compounds (first medications effective in killing bacteria, this killed deadly diseases) -
-found out that the dead polio virus would cause immunity to the poliomyelitis -
-used a live polio virus
-used to immunize babies against Salk’s virus -
-Found the the molecular structure of DNA
-explains how DNA replicates -
Preformed the first successful heart transplant -
-Pioneer in separating Siamese twins
-preforming hemispherectomies (on the brain to stop seizures) -
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-pills that only attack the bad cells in ones body
-has better long term affect than chemo/radiation -
- keeps them in HIV positive status longer -prevents HIV
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-over the phone advice
-increased over covid (people weren’t leaving their homes so if they had concerns they would use telemedicine)
-saves money and time (rather than going into the clinic) -
- high demand for organs
- heart, bone, liver, muscles, eyes, skin have worked
- saves people who are in need of organs
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-lets doctors see what the brain does