History of Healthcare Benberg

  • Period: 4000 BCE to

    Early Beginnings

  • Disease Caused By?
    3900 BCE

    Disease Caused By?

    Supernatural Spirits
  • Treatments for Sick?
    3600 BCE

    Treatments for Sick?

    Exorcising evil spirits by trephining; removing a part of the cranium to exorcise the demons
  • Medicines Used Today?
    3100 BCE

    Medicines Used Today?

    Digitalis: Used to treat heart conditions
    Quinine: Controls fever, muscle spasms and malaria prevention
    Belladonna: Relives muscle spasms
    Morphine: Used to treat severe pain
  • Period: 2999 BCE to 399

    Ancient Times

  • Ancient Egyptians
    2900 BCE

    Ancient Egyptians

    They kept accurate health records. Priests that acted as physicians. They used medicines to heal disease, splinted fractures and bloodletting.
  • Ancient Chinese
    1900 BCE

    Ancient Chinese

    They were the first people to use acupuncture technology.
  • Ancient Greeks
    900 BCE

    Ancient Greeks

    Kept records that could lead to illness, religion allowed for bodies to be dissected. Hippocrates wrote the ‘Oath of Hippocrates’ which is the standard for health ethics.
  • Ancient Romans
    100

    Ancient Romans

    They were the first to organize medical care and sent medics to warm, they also built places to care for the ill which was the beginning of hospitals.
  • Period: 400 to 800

    Dark Age

  • Stopped the Study of Medicine?
    500

    Stopped the Study of Medicine?

    The study of medicine stopped when the Romans were taken over by the Huns, medicine was only studied in monasteries and convents.
  • How do They Treat Disease?
    700

    How do They Treat Disease?

    They prayed for the sick and herbal mixes.
  • Period: 800 to 1400

    Middle Age

  • Epidemics
    1100

    Epidemics

    They discovered the Bubonic Plauge, with that came the discovery of vaccines and medicines.
  • Period: 1350 to

    Renaissance

  • Rebirth?
    1450

    Rebirth?

    They began to build universities, they also accepted dissection and began to print and press books of research.
  • Period: 1501 to

    16th and 17th Centuries

  • Leonardo da Vinci
    1515

    Leonardo da Vinci

    He recorded the anatomy of the body.
  • Gabriele Fallopius
    1550

    Gabriele Fallopius

    He discovered the fallopian tubes of the woman’s body.
  • Bartolomeo Eustachio
    1563

    Bartolomeo Eustachio

    He discovered the tube leading from the ear to the throat.
  • Antoine von Leeuwenhoek

    Antoine von Leeuwenhoek

    Invented the microscope and established that there was life smaller than the naked eye can see. He scraped his teeth and found bacteria.
  • Apothecaries

    Apothecaries

    Apothecaries were established and engaged in the trade of drugs and spices.
  • William Harvey

    William Harvey

    He used research and knowledge to understand physiology and he was able to describe circulation of blood and pumping to the heart.
  • Period: to

    18th Century

  • Benjamin Franklin

    Benjamin Franklin

    He discovered bifocals, and discovered colds that can be passed from person to person.
  • Medical Students Learning

    Medical Students Learning

    Students attended lectures in classrooms and labs and also observed patients. They dissected the patients when they died which led to a better understanding of illness.
  • Joseph Priestley

    Joseph Priestley

    He discovered the element oxygen, he also observed that plants refresh air.
  • Edward Jenner

    Edward Jenner

    Discovered a smallpox vaccination, his discovery led to preventative medicine.
  • Rene Laennec

    Rene Laennec

    He invented the stethoscope, it increased the ability to hear the lungs and heart.
  • Period: to

    19th and 20th Century

  • Ignaz Semmelweis

    Ignaz Semmelweis

    He identified the cause of childbed fever, leading to less deaths of women giving birth. He realized that people weren’t washing their hands when touching the dead bodies, which led to people using the correct techniques.
  • Florence Nightingale

    Florence Nightingale

    She was the founder of modern nursing, she devoted her life to preparing reports for better sanitization and the construction of hospitals. She designed a ward for sick patients.
  • Louis Pasteur

    Louis Pasteur

    He was known as the Father of Biology, he discovered that tiny microorganisms were everywhere. He discovered pasteurization and created a vaccine for rabies.
  • Dmitri Ivanoski

    Dmitri Ivanoski

    Discovered that some diseases were caused by microorganisms that are called viruses.
  • Joseph Lister

    Joseph Lister

    He became the first doctor to use an antiseptic during surgery, which helped to prevent infection.
  • Ernst von Bergmann

    Ernst von Bergmann

    He developed asepsis, he developed a method to keep an area germ free before and during surgery.
  • Robert Koch

    Robert Koch

    He discovered many disease-causing organisms, he researched tuberculosis, pathogens, and introduced the importance of cleanliness and sanitation.
  • Paul Ehrilch

    Paul Ehrilch

    He discovered the effect that medicine had on disease, his treatment was only affective to certain illnesses. His studies brought a discovery of chemicals to fight disease, including a chemical to react syphilis.
  • Wilhelm Roentgen

    Wilhelm Roentgen

    He discovered X-Rays and took the very first X-Ray picture of his wife’s hand. This led to doctors being able to see inside the body.
  • Anesthesia

    Anesthesia

    The discovery of anesthesia allowed for patients to be performed on without pain. Before this they had to operate on patients while having pain lessening agents.
  • Sir Alexander Fleming

    Sir Alexander Fleming

    He discovered penicillin that kills life threatening bacteria, it was considered one of the most important discoveries of the 20th century.
  • Sigmund Freud

    Sigmund Freud

    He discovered the unconscious and conscious parts of the mind, and studies the affects of them. This led to a better understanding of psychological illness.
  • Gerhard Domagk

    Gerhard Domagk

    He discovered sulfonamide compounds, these were the first medication that were effective in killing bacteria. This changed the practice of medicine.
  • Ben Carson

    Ben Carson

    He is a pioneer in separating Siamese twins and performing surgery on the brain to stop seizures.
  • Jonas Salk

    Jonas Salk

    He discovered that the deadly polio virus would cause immunity to poliomyelitis, a virus that paralyzed many people everywhere. The creation of the vaccine saved many people from this virus.
  • Albert Sabin

    Albert Sabin

    He used a live polio vaccine, which is more effective. This vaccine is used today to immunize babies against this disease.
  • Francis Crick and James Watson

    Francis Crick and James Watson

    These two men discovered the molecular structure of DNA, their model explained how DNA replicates and how it holds hereditary information.
  • Christian Bernard

    Christian Bernard

    He performed the first successful heart transplant.
  • Period: to

    21st Century

  • Stem Cell Research

    Stem Cell Research

    Stem cell research has advanced in the past 10-ish years, they can even repair damaged tissue and cure diseases.
  • HPV Vaccine

    HPV Vaccine

    The first HPV vaccine was approved in 2006, these vaccines against cervical cancer.
  • Face Transplants

    Face Transplants

    The first full face transplant was done in France in 2005, they are performed after people are in situations in which their whole face is changed and needs to be redone.
  • Bionic Limbs

    Bionic Limbs

    Bionic limbs have come a long way, they are becoming more and more human like as the time goes on, and are continuing to become more advanced.
  • HIV Cocktails

    HIV Cocktails

    All of the HIV medications have been combined into a HIV ‘cocktail’ so then people that have HIV don’t have to deal with multiple medications, making it easier for them to stay healthy.