History of Forensics

  • Blood Types

    Blood Types
    picturepicrrure first discovers human blood groups and is awarded the Nobel Prize for his work in 1930. Max RICHTER adapts the technique to type stains. This is one of the first instances of performing validation experiments specifically to adapt a method for forensic science. LANDSTEINER´s continued work on the detection of blood, its species, and its type forms the basis of practically all subsequent work.
  • first systematic use of fingerprints

    first systematic use of fingerprints
    picturepictureHenry P. DeFORREST pioneers the first systematic use of fingerprints in the United States by the New York Civil Service Commission.
  • Cheiloscopy

    R. FISCHER describes the system of furrows on the red part of human lips - a fact which was later to form a basis for cheiloscopy.
  • Medicine

    Victor BALTHAZARD, professor of forensic medicine at the Sorbonne, publishes the first article on individualizing bullet markings.
  • Evidence

    Albert SCHNEIDER of Berkeley, California first uses a vacuum apparatus to collect trace evidence.
  • First lab of crime in U.S.

    First lab of crime in U.S.
    pictureAugust VOLLMER, as chief of police in Los Angeles, California, implements the first U.S. police crime laboratory.
  • FBI Creation

    FBI Creation
    The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) crime laboratory is created.
  • Voiceprint identfication

    Murray HILL of Bell Labs initiates the study voiceprint identification. The technique is refined by L.G. KERSTA.
  • First Comprehensive Criminalistics and Crime Investigation

    Paul KIRK publishes Crime Investigation, one of the first comprehensive criminalistics and crime investigation texts that encompass theory in addition to practice.
  • LIp Prints

    Hungary becomes the first country in Europe to carry out research in the subject of lip prints.
  • The Examination and Typing of Bloodstains in the Crime Laboratory

    CULLIFORD publishes The Examination and Typing of Bloodstains in the Crime Laboratory, generally accepted as responsible for disseminating reliable protocols for the typing of polymorphic protein and enzyme markers to the United States and worldwide.
  • first use forensic DNA

    Police in the UK first use forensic DNA profiling.
  • First Time in a U.S. Criminal Court

    First Time in a U.S. Criminal Court
    DNA profiling is introduced for the 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). Based on RFLP analysis performed by Lifecodes, Tommy Lee ANDREWS is convicted of a series of sexual assaults in Orlando, Florida.
  • The Integrated Ballistics Identification System

    The Integrated Ballistics Identification System
    Walsh Automation Inc., in Montreal, launches development of an automated imaging system called picture, or IBIS, for comparison of the marks left on fired bullets, cartridge cases, and shell casings. This system is subsequently developed for the U.S. market in collaboration with the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms (ATF).
  • Forensic Science Service

    Forensic Science Service
    In the UK, the [picture 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394eLD+jBQXFwp5FNto3wyd29jVG+utDG86gZWB0OUj+FtK8aGn6ERvLmLfUQQyKwzAa/ojr+UWBCs5VY5jYn25wc50HGKhKxaotZjeEXZtRzqTuh0u1O9vIQsKf5jhpabvKrDO/ouU/vCBIBxInA1A14b4yZLJINDUfQ6j6eoEIjglZg04maf3SKSx0laN9/MecGLsPCn/8AVw//AKMr/th6AOxEpZqMjCqspBHFWF4+ee0mzWwuJmyW+FrH95TdW9QR8xuju8nZsoM0sB0HmVZc2bLTKdQEluFFGBrQfEvGKT9q3Z9zJGIHj7mzMbTO7ZqBWooDhWaoaxAZq11iJK0XB0zlE42MJ5msNXe0K31jI2J1HhiOkbl6LAonGLRlJbHRPKNbxETGMbRmXRG6MTRRUkgAcyaCO6djtnDDYOXLFz4mJ4t4QT7lqekc67CbHLuJ7UyLnyD95lRgTyAv6jlHUMDOHdou8Ibc8x/29o1gjOZJNmFEOU0mTD3aHgADnf08RHE5RvgnCyQKIBQIBQfKnoKCAsHMDsZtfCBklfyDWYP5iKg7wJZhjhVqCQbxoyDcrv8A1f8AX1j3DkAZTpGZa6kk/rcI9twiQFuLHc1ZLipzy9zVPiKcH1qNG30Y1iXZa99L71SMrnMltV+EsDxAB6R7tqSWCkGgJFenKJ9nPlAG7d/tDALlBxv+QP5GJy5A1BO6kYpqIA2xjRJlzHJsisx+6CT9IQHIe3G2jiMS4t3cpnVLXJ8Ick76sppypFeDREWJudSanqbmJJSGMG9mq0bNMgd2MTlN0RlYSGgLaI8Iiw/ZlKzT5tLnuwAOJLj8oQbU8ojbsrtNsNipMxdA6hhuZSQCD9YqPRM7nszDKmcGgrlppembdu1hN2rwp7tso69N8PpWKlTxmU3O42/2MRY2VUFWtUUvGz4ZHHMJjZkksVNmNaXoDxHCLTsTDYuenehBkLKM2hNWCsyj4qb+hhNMwIEzIdzZSTuvQmOnYfGI0kolFyqVyqMuXWhpu19z7uLp2KStUOcRJQIEWygCwt787GBuzAZC8vN5Wag4Zr0P1+9CqRtc4iQZjedWAmBagjdYfP34QXh8WjMHQ0msgeXwmABQ0ttzEEMOPi1gbsEq0W1akX1gTHnLLmHSisa60trG+GxQmIHXQi4OoO8HppEWOTMpU6EEGnO0Ayt4HDS65mzTHW9Zq0C80Typ1ueJNoayMXRvFdTvA/KPEwLrTxV1pYDlQcPlE4QAipKNuLXB9T9LcoNsCY0OhqOQ4XvW8b4fElbMLcRenMjUCJlobEXHoRw/GnrwNfDKqNeh3jj6EbtNd1IQG2ObKBN/c8RpvSnjHPw+IDeVWJMdhVnS3lvdJisrfysCDT0MRyWNL67+B/uL+sR7KaiBP+WWl+iGiV5lMp9YYHzxt3ZjYWbMkzPMhoTuI1VhyIII6xXTrHYvtg2WGmyZ1LMhlk81YstfRz/SYof/AOPIRUNGLW6N09WIwlVgegEWPD4DKaG9IlbZgN6QCYmMYY2dbRoVhBZ0fsrNpIlrwTNT+KhJ97n1h3tKce4mFbN3bZTwY1I/1MIqGwccFXJpw5WBHyMO8Xi80phuMySPRpgU/KNUZFhfDuAAoGUAACugAtu0uILwW0Gl+GZLIqT4lOYHrQWgeRi8xufN9SwI+ZI943WbVahqMDX0KgEc6MK/egAeScRLbR16EivtWCTKtW1OMI5OPUeZLHUi49t0RzsXIOskkHflt10rAAVicSrOVzEZQKEHWta/hBOGAy3Fef50ipynlK7dyfBmryBIFfnXWLHgcQe7BFDyJp7f3hiDcTPdVOVQbWNTu42rFA7d9oQJBki0ybQUr5UBqxPWmUdTwi4viGmVWpl81Sorzrr6EV4xwfG7Raa7TJn+Y2o4fwgbgNImTKijcaRuHpAIxDcI9fEFvLrGNFhjTY0ZoEaTMZa0MWbY/YzETpQmBkvoDWvvFUFlX2i1hAAajA8CD7GLLtfstiZN3l1H8JrCU7PmOpoAKcbQcA6VsrEG1yp/vX6RZ5E13lgOCWU+D+IHcelNecUrs12hlFQs2TR1pq1m40tbjFiTbiMwMsliP3CGT0alPrG8IuWkYznGCuTorW25ZOInZVZSCLsPCaKtbVqKGo3ab6w72XdVPxU1+oqNwNf0YVbV2yGxAzIUYilScwO4eKgv6DdBmzZ9Gp8LX4UI38vpxpqBxa0xRkpK15IMbNm4aYZkqlGFHUizXrcDfW4I39aRtgtsI1gSornCHzSn3sh0ZTvW1eW+xDBiaCpHI1sR1iu7X7Nd2wrWh0Ya9OR+sTZZdNi7bDaakeIjQtYVykVDceNjDVNoBmK7wAfSo/OOZYLZfdtUTZlRvDHSlfXiOhi27HngZST5vCxNz48qVJ5TMrcg6wIC6FQ6lQb0BHQ3B+RHpAhm+HxA2qK0qOjDhAq4rL3b6ZQqtxylFNfQkn7sHGbRyDqeGjcGX01HtWGI1lBTdG9j66G3AdSDwiapG4Hpb0p/vA85FJqNTp/MNPx6wOHK6G2orwO70gAPziu8dR+ItEWGtMm0+Iq/ugl//F84H/ajvER4XEAvNNDZlQc8qBj/AKnYfdPCAAD7RMD32Cc0r3bLM9BVW9lYn0jlMnDcI7HtaapkTgdDKmAngMjVPpr6RyPvjwiZFRZrLkEGCUU8IiM2kepiDwhUOyoNM5iIXmgCMdAjlCTTnf6RG61BAvexoR6RBQ1wW0bqa3AAPPKKA9aUiwjaFZTHhlf+g5qfKKWkrNp5hfhDFMV3RpmzCn6rFKRLi+nR8Fjgbaj8DY/In3hnKnBtTev1GvutTHNdkbYC0UnS3UbjFuwm0lprFElpw9OBP49TBbEkWX2rFXXbyjKq3YsoFjoWAJ9FqfSGKbSRjSp9dPrGkYN8JbQmxCmTiSTZXFxXUg2PtWLBsPGZGpXwN8jxEL9pbLVwXZ8pWrVoCKC999KcDEmH2a8vKaEBlBKa5SwBpX5dRDlBxWwTstmLBZCoJq4KjXeKV+ccS2/syXmmA5hOVyrdVNCI65s7HzEOUyyeBtUctYp3brZCy2E9Ay945zo1DR2BYMpqTQ0ex0pa2mMo3T+jSMq0UfC4NlFB61ici4JABpS0EAmsbkkcIQwYqxFKw2wG0Z0pQqNQDnAAZq8ukSBjwgoLY3G2pxHjOaFuNQzGzAU6b41Mw0oY8DGARkvD7igibY2LCgDKa6bt24msReI3qIX4zZ7VzrXMTWm7qN8dHpsixt/ucvqsLyxX7DbaZUzFzU8QO/ShFh0rE0nHpLZUZhnBGtdDv5mhrStT6xV8UpmSwhlFmV6gXFiKGp3f7QRI2PMoJjgoAPKaE7t663rzuBF5pqUrRHp4SjCmdY2fMtpZbGl2l8P50O4j5eWGhlCYlDRlPt8/KekVHsntDPKQ/FLOQ8RTceII3RcZZGo8Nf6T1G6OZnWVPamAeQeKV8LWtU1yt6+ledQQ5GKy21U1qOtQRUbiCR7akCL3iMMJilWAoRQjcYpm3tmfsqM6qzrQZQDUg5gLkiuWhPS26BbYm62M8PtTMlyW8ISZxqte7mEVpRlJU3pUi+lWeD2jmQA1YLSh1YDcQdHBppWtQaVFo5xhduSmcrLmeNeHPUAkUYbuBhnh9qsrZlIFfMpGZGrrVa1Hodw4CGMvgxW8XXiLj8weRAMeftMVaXtcMa5SD/NX/VZvQ1gj/wAQAFWag3kn8TAA9nYsIpc3poN7E2VBXexIA6xJg1KIFJBNyxG92JZyORYk+sKcADNYMaqoqUUihJIp3jjUWsF5km9ArHBlnlqxAqVGYA6Noy34NUekUkKwHtZi8uGcVvMIQdCat7qpH3ooASLX2mxDECWyFVzBsxBFSAQAvEDMdOMIElCIY0AMImw7LS8GhAN0boo4CE0VZSGwQY1og4AE25XMTtegetBoBb6RvLnMxoqAnWgI04xKZ8xdVN94ZSNORidFb6AS8AK1ArXfWJllgUGUUHMflEwxrU8r68vzjJ06i5ipqeI0OgJh0Fg2JkKWUBQXOijXSutKCwMepiZ0oUeWVHGtR/t7w17I4MTJzOfgQD1mVFfZW/qh1tqQqoTuAr1i/bWjNuyvbDxBmTg26XRj1Jy09mJ9IskibYc/xNT+A9IR7AlAJNoB4mAHpY/MNDmSLgcwPxP65R1Qi0kZNjrFTZkwJJFP8V1Qk/uk1mdf8MOYa42e8udds6OBUsBRZgrZbaMBpx62W4KX3mJkoPh7x+oVClfeaIZ9q6LLC8q7txt8/wBaRGZ7SHDgw2bj1a1gwtpQfPQQg7d4uWZSywwaY0wOabgqso0/m6a8IV4La0xmSXRRbzkXI0yrThxPsdYK2jsXvlzKf8Qbj8Q4V3GJWGTjaIl6mEJqLKoptWl60odevSI2LbwBE+ShpSnUXtB+zNmPPrky23t4RXh7RyzlGCuTo6k29IWhSePtSNgl/KfSCJ8sozKR4lJUjmDQ+kaKTwi0KzTJ/CYzKa6Gn63RKIynX2gCzzL1g7AgTKig8NtOFNYAMymtoZ9n28T89ORAio9JYdhdkVNaW3fmYmxWz8wygX3cuJ9of4SWKW6e0ePLpXdY+nP9coq1dE0UrZmHbDYkoqMZUwnK58uffLY7vEGox4gXpSLxsubUeGpG9D5lPDnvtv3cIr2Mw7Tsiop7sUCUJ8RHxsRcIo36saciSdrbUGFQPOUtMAArLpVzagCsRUk7vqYGhplslHShseH6t0iPHSVdCDQg6j6g+8VuVtbFOFK4WYgNMzky5l6E5WkiaGrSlxe9KCGEias05XnTc9K5PFh2oLVCUWZSvEkcCYn2jKPsvsckkMqVNCwJPm8JIqabrW6xMdgj9+ny+sPBLWRNdO9DAt5CxZgSKqRU5g9DurWvE1jTEy5rEsJrJLUVplRn8xvnbMbClh77gAKf/AwoqZjjmaAfOke7O7tUMzvFJAJlnzM5A0llrXNBRTBszZgOQszN4ySrEFWoDSopu1oKCoBpYQb2jmiXgNf+NJVuQaehzDp+ENUIn7OYZmzB3OYksSNKWUBeRoSDvF7VpBeEGR56CpVZtq/xSZTsP6nY/ejJ2GmSzmluRfS1D1G+IcA5czWK0LTbj/ypQr8oqImadpJefDk3rLYMOhOVvQBs33IqTVrYMeekXTGpWTNH70tx/UpH4xW0mggG9xW44iJmOIA0l93ziaRKalxU9InMwRiLWM7Lo5ycAAV8asBXWu/dbdBOGCqMnevkNMyE5tDelV8I6CHMzDFrMzk38xrwGgiFdmLzNuI/CCh2LFwooKTTbfQkb9AbRrPw57tqPmFK0pcgXIHtDldmoB/9juHzjG2VK4H+o/nX+0NITYg2F2ibDFqDMGArvBArSut7w0x3a+XNTKVK6aEMLH3GnCJD2ckH/h09T+fI/rSF+y0g/Cw9TFWRRvsXaKiWKGthXrcn5kw1w20BmW+/8/zhGOyqL5JjivEj03RuuwnXSeSbjyA/9QjRZWJwOmdkpq9/NnOyqsqSBU2A716m54dwPeEnaXbImvMmiuSuVK7wLCgPHX1iqtgMQVK/tAoSCRkoarYfFzPvEa7Lngf5iMf3mDVpqKVJAick/c7CKpBUqeSQ4zFl8QprQA1FOm7kIsmD2sXFSaAbgaV31Nb0pFUwcmbLNXKHhR+m4jpBsg0bPqxUgmxqDTWmtx8ouHqHBVVnPm9Ksju6Y2nIJ8//AAvjoTbQ/ETy3+sG4HEsmJSQl5RYqxK6ZJRaZ4hvZ3l6/umkV6VjMVLBMpxlFt9BX7rDcTBcjtTigaNLV+eUXvuysD8o8r12DLnb9tVT0/v74+eDtwSjjik715CO0EvI9SSSbHiWTwmlbG2WvOsLsw1Jp1B+dDDLbm20xElfAZc4VKgGlSdQQygnSvURUkxRWtSB1txp/YcI6MEm4VLq0wkt6HjzRWtTyoD+EaTMQPhDVvqDSnUwnGJYcPeNhjDxA9Y3IDJk5yN9DqAOu+GGy8YZY8txckm5ubgdCB6c4Q/tzbiPeIZmMNVLkgV0UZswHm1YAHgbwcA6FhtqvNbuxmQtKbLM8JCmxBANam43Q37MbPefJM/EOXlzArLLAyeUZWqVoSjEZsuhrQ1FQaFI7R4fvgypMVm8IY5SFzBBXKWp8Ce3OLDs37SZcpBInyhlQBEeQykZVsKynYFbAaM2+ODBjX67nNU3Xe353/RrJ/GkdASygAAV1+mkYmHUDOQC1bWBobio5xzpvtQkEqERydKPmUm25URwfcRIe12IapQZUN6dy1QTzdv+iPSMToeDUAHjc+sV7a2OaY5kjIFl5SzlUds5JbKgcFVoMpJIPnAtrFNn9oZ7azZo5gZD/VLRTA8rbkqVZ2oOS6E3vbmb84aoTss8iacOy5jmWYf8w1zZzV2EzcSRmo1rLThWV8WMkxagkKKEcHHLmCPaKltzthKmIstCRdGZ6NQZGDAW1qV5Wr0KtO0wzESs0wmlQFPwmo80TKr0NFzTaoXKCPKDfrQE+ka7T2hLmS5siZRSy24ZlYPLcDfcL7GKyMRiJtxLCfzso3U0UGPTsydMADP6ZQ1OhzgxNjOu4ZhMVWBsVBHqAa/OE+Bbwkne8z27xwvyAhD2Z2m8oHDmtZKgy2Y5SykmstrUIv4TyI4Qfs3F1kyybEopI6ip+saRZLG09gAeQ+gvFJwOfIlcnlWtGNfKOUWDbGLK4ecwN+7em7xFSFHuQIoXfzTTMxVRwpUjToIme0VAfTsQE81KdfzF4UYnb5zW0gR5JYk5TQ0pmcn3oBXfBUmRQaL7Rmky2zx7Hws9NfEd/CxI4+8ed437xvzrwgdQ16ldTSlRbcKXvGZSDoG9eXURRLCu/Y2r9OlanWMGIbSor/KPpvgNq7l360zfnEZJGtuNiD6QCGQxTADQjeANeHHjGftTVFR7En2vzhNKx9bZ/wBc90EPOQqPFcbgACL8Rff+EIYxl4oMGI3a1cV4WUtc8hpGi41jYUp0r6VFvSB5UwtQqGYV3Bj8wNYnDfu5rc6a/epABIGc3INAbkC1+em4xJ1rUjhupraxjxGJFd/Q3+X4xoge3m6W9riACRJSioym++4NOW6nvGxUfxW439jw6cY1KnUCld9d/wCh8o2uL+G3FrGn1hiPEwy65fWh6UPGJElgculddIhmTCN440qfzvEDThvY00N/w/VYACKGpsu/VzUgVOgWg0/vGv7QKXYA8C9I3kyS4rUqDvpQnS9BSmnyiRMGoPiZjW2oofxhWMGaYhtmvawmU+h5x6kt/hVyOObNXhci/vDSRIUHwKfcmN++B3fOCwoWIkzVlP0+VDSNpeCZ2+IC4vS1daaNy9YZCaRu/wBR/wC2JBMPD5j8oVjoGkbHAJqzNXUEmntW3pBP7AvlyLw8u7rl/GJQw1aijnccqmkQzMfLUG4tegPDhzgsZuNmcFPPK7r9CIyXs8rcK3QuzC/AFiPlC7G9oEWyVrStSfyrEUjtQwRqiprY10EAhxMQgXU/rlSIXRdTlA52itYnbMx1JLUtu/OADPYm5Jp1NAYGMtE5pIpXJc03GAce2HFsit6fhCc4WbMFUUi4uQRS/vp+tYLTZ5Y3ah/hI3UN6jluPvAhHs/EyFSqrlbfQkUN/TdWBMPt+YRRBXnoPnSDZezVBJ0rTmfcn9c4mXBINwre9BcGxvrTdDoVgcnHuuZ2mLXu2WgNyWKnXkQPeLTgtpyzLVs65cq0JI0oPbSFUrZakWl240H1guXslRdgAOX5xV0KrPNsbXWcgRG8NQWNKVy3UCuviAapHwjjAsqUz2VS19y1+esMZZw6fDn5kDdffQfKCBtdqZUAHIAG3IUhOTfECRBg9jO1M4CjhSrdaC0HjZkhLM5B/iZVPsQIg/aZ7gVagO+gH4VjVJIvmdAeaqT7teIqT8j19FMm+dvX6xtg98ZGRYkbYbX0/KGu70H4xkZAM8+Fv5TGreQfreYyMgKPDqILw3m+6PqYyMhEs0k7/wBbolw+nqfrHsZAIgn6+0Rp5j0/GMjIYI9xPlXqf+mAsB55f8x+pjIyExlkf8Y8aMjIkZ6ka74yMhjJDuiWT5hGRkIaI+0X+S3T8Yq07zegjIyBAL2/XsImPlH63RkZDERz/wDLaCdg/wDE9YyMgExrhNR0/ONZEZGQ0Jk+4dPyhpsjz+8ZGQ3wQ+lfD1hZ2g1XqfwjIyMl+Rb4KBDTZPl+9GRkbS4QujA+X0/GEQjIyJXQkf/Z) announces that the number of DNA profiles of suspects and convicted criminals on the national DNA database has reached one million or roughly one third of the estimated criminally active population.
  • Grave Danger