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700
Where it all started ?
When we are talking about the forensic science history. This travels back to the time in the 700s, the era when the Chinese used fingerprints to establish the identity of documents and clay sculptures. -
1248
Hsi Duan Yu
This is a Chinese book in the year of 1248 named Hsi Duan Yu. The Chinese book means the washing away of wrongs and was published by the Chinese, described how to differentiate drowning from strangulation. This book was known as the first recorded application of medical knowledge to the solution of crime. -
What happen in France ?
In the year of 1609, this was the first treatise on systematic document examination that was published in the country of France. -
Englishman being convicted ?
In the year of 1784, there is one of the first documented uses of physical matching saw by an Englishman convicted of murder based on the torn edge of a newspaper in a pistol that matched a piece remaining in his pocket. -
What the decade saw ?
They saw the first recorded use of questioned document analysis, the development of test for the presence of blood in a forensic context, a bullet comparison used to catch a murderer, the first use of toxicology in a jury trial, the development of the first crystal test for haemoglobin using hemin crystals, the development of a presumptive test for blood. -
More on what the decade saw !
The first use of photography for the identification of criminals and documentation of evidence and crime scenes.
The first recorded use of fingerprints to solve a crime.
The development of the first microscope with a comparison bridge. -
Something big happened for forensic science
This was the year when forensic science was significantly applied in 1888, when doctors in London, England were allowed to examine the victims of Jack the Ripper for wound patterns, -
What the 1900s century saw ?
Establishment of the popular practice of using the comparison microscope for bullet comparison in the 1920s. Development of the absorption-inhibition ABO blood typing technique in 1931. Invention of the first interference contrast microscope in 1935 by Dutch physicist Frits Zernike (for which he received the Nobel Prize in 1953). Development of the chemiluminescent reagent luminol as a presumptive test for blood. Study of voiceprint identification. -
Continued on what the 19th century saw.
Invention of the Breathalyzer for field sobriety tests. Use of the heated headspace sampling technique for collecting arson evidence. Development of the scanning electron microscope with electron dispersive X-ray technology. Identification of the polymorphic nature of red cells. Enactment of the Federal Rules of Evidence (1975). Evaluation of the gas chromatograph and the mass spectrometer for forensic purposes. -
What the 1900s century saw further more?
Development of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique for clinical and forensic applications. -
Swiss Professor R. A. Reiss
In the year of 1902, there is the establishment of a forensic science curricula in 1902 by Swiss Professor R. A. Reiss at the University of Lausanne, Switzerland, was one of the first steps towards establishing forensic science as an academic discipline. -
Early 1930s
This is the year when universities began offering courses and degrees in criminalistics and police science. -
The University of California at Berkeley in 1950
In 1950, the University of California at Berkeley established one of the first academic departments of criminology/criminalistics, and the American Academy of Forensic Science (AAFS) was formed in Chicago. -
The 1980s
The 1980s ended with a few DNA firsts: the use of DNA to solve a crime and exonerate an innocent suspect, in 1986, and, in 1987, the introduction of DNA profiling in the U.S. A criminal court case in which the admissibility of DNA was seriously challenged set in motion a string of events that culminated in a call for certification, accreditation, standardization and quality control guidelines for both DNA laboratories and the general forensic community. -
What happen in 1994 ?
In 1994, the DNA Databank legislation was enacted. By the end of the decade, significant progress had been made in the utilization of DNA analyses in casework in the State Police Laboratory System. -
What happen in the 21st Century (Our Century)
The science of forensics is now recognized as a critical ingredient in law enforcement and the solution of crimes. Protecting a crime scene from contamination and gathering and interpreting evidence accurately have become some of the most critical ingredients in crime-solving. -
21st Century's results
As a result, advances in technology are being applied to the finite and exacting field of forensic science, a field in which technical competency is achieved only by the synthesis of a number of factors, including training, experience, supervision, continuing education, proficiency and an appreciation of scientific methods and protocols projected against a background of stringent professional ethics. -
What we are doing right now for the future?
The 21st century, forensic science must continue to develop and mature. In recent years, the blend of science and technology has enabled police to solve many crimes that once would have been considered beyond resolution. The State Police Crime Laboratory System is at the forefront of efforts to develop new scientific crime-fighting capabilities and methods, including the use of databanks, high-tech equipment, tele-forensics and training involving the use of simulated crime scenes.
