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Ellen Swallow Richards
Ellen Richards was a powerful leader who was a science consultant for the FCS industry. She was an MIT graduate and helped launch the new applied field. Richards began the school lunch program in 1894 and sold nutritious foods at the Chicago World's Fair in 1894. She specialized in FACS and water pollution as well as began product standards and testing. -
Headquarters for FCS
The headquarters of FCS is the American Association of Family and Consumer Sciences (AAFCS). Their mission is to inspire research, leadership, and service to empower individuals, families, and communities. The AAFCS was founded in 1909. -
The Great Depression
Families were forced to face change when millions of people lost their jobs, savings, and homes. Many people put off marriage and stopped having children. The birthrate dropped below the replacement level for the first time in American history. Millions lived in poverty and struggled to survive. -
Rise of the Middle Class
In the 1950s, the middle class in America rose largely due to an industrial revolution. Home ownership rose from 40% in 1945 to 60% in 1960. The middle class had more money to spend than ever. -
Loving v. Virginia
In 1967, the Supreme Court ruled in Loving v. Virginia that banning interracial marriage was unconstitutional. This extended the right to interracial couples across the US to marry. -
Roe v. Wade
In 1973, the Supreme Court recognized that the right to liberty in the Constitution includes the right to decide whether to continue a pregnancy. This places the reproductive rights alongside rights such as freedom of speech and freedom of religion, giving it the highest degree of constitutional protection. -
Deacon & Firebaugh
In 1988, Deacon and Firebaugh claimed that a family's values, demands, and resources are defined as inputs to the system. This influenced the way family management is taught, practiced, and studied. -
Legalization of same-sex marriage
The long journey to legalize same-sex marriage began in the early 1990s. Civil unions for same-sex couples popped up in many states, but created separate standards. Couples were denied access to over 1,100 federal rights. In June of 2015, the fight for equality was finally won. However, the LGBTQ+ community is still fighting. -
Overturning of Roe v. Wade
In 2022, the Supreme Court overturned Roe v. Wade which diminished Roe's protection of reproductive rights. This eliminated the constitutional right to abortion, and sparked an outcry across the country. -
Respect for Marriage Act
The Respect for Marriage Act in response to Roe v. Wade protects statutory recognition of interracial and same sex marriages in the US. It requires the federal gov. to recognize a marriage between two people if the marriage was valid in the state where it was performed. -
Sources
Family Resource Management textbook https://www.hrc.org/our-work/stories/the-journey-to-marriage-equality-in-the-united-states https://family.jrank.org/pages/1395/Resource-Management-Conceptual-Framework-History.html https://reproductiverights.org/roe-v-wade/ https://www.hrw.org/news/2022/12/08/us-congress-protects-right-marry#:~:text=US%20courts%20have%20long%20recognized,marry%20to%20interracial%20couples%20nationwide.