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Catherine Beecher
She wrote "A Treatise on Domestic Economy” which was the first FACS textbook recognized by the department of education. She helped create a new social attitude that helped place greater value on the work women did in their home and their role in the education world. She also wrote 33 textbooks. -
Justin Smith Morrill/ Morrill Act 1862
This act made it possible for western states to establish colleges for their citizens. The new land-grant institutions, which emphasized agriculture and mechanic arts, opened opportunities to thousands of farmers and working people that were excluded from higher education. This grant was originally created to establish institutions in each state that would educate people in agriculture, home economics, mechanical arts, etc. This act gave support directly from the government. -
Land Grant University
The United States Congress passed the first Morrill Act which provided for the establishment of a Land-Grant institution in each state to educate citizens in the fields of agriculture, home economics, mechanic arts, etc. In the South, African Americans were not allowed to attend the institutions first established under the Morrill Act. In Arkansas, the land grant universities are The University of Arkansas and University of Arkansas Pine Bluff. -
C.F. Langworthy
He was the Co-editor of the Journal of Home Economics. He studied chemical composition of food and conducted metabolic tests.
He also wrote nutrition bulletins for his experimental stations. -
Chicago World's Fair
Ellen Richards represented Massachusetts at the Chicago World's Fair by scientifically preparing foods and selling nutritious lunches at the fair. She presented nutritional value and the cost per serving. -
Ellen Richards
Ellen Richards was one of the first women admitted to MIT. Her focus was on water pollution and FACS. She believed science could be used to improve health and well-being. She became a leader in establishing a scientific basis for FACS. She founded and directed the Lake Placid Conference on Home Economics (1899-1908), which coined the term home economics, and developed standards for professionals in training. She also founded the beginnings of school lunch program in 1894. -
Lake Placid Conference
These conferences were conducted to meet and talk about the latest advances in FACS (home economics at the time). They believed home economics would give students the opportunity to manage their own homes and prepare for careers focused on people and the environments around them. The leaders decided on the name "home economics" during the first conference. -
Martha Rensselaer
She developed Cooperative Extension Service Programs at Cornell University. The program enrolled more than 20,000 women members across New York in less than 5 years. Cornell decided to offer home economics courses full-time because of her. She was also named the president of AAFCS which expanded her duties. She believed that adopting new scientific strategies to women's daily tasks could lessen the burdens of tasks in farm life. She also Attended Lake Placid Conference. -
Caroline Hunt
She was the first professor of home economics at the University of Wisconsin in 1903. She participated in several of Lake Placid's conferences. During these conferences, she argued that a training in home economics should teach women to watch their health, safety and their families, and to simplify there lives. She believed that home economics should teach students how to consume ethically by avoiding products produced under poor labor conditions. These are just a few of Hunts contributions. -
American Association of Family and Consumer Sciences
Ellen Richards founded AAFCS. AAFCS is the body of skills, research, and knowledge that help people make decisions about their well-being, relationships, and ways to achieve the highest quality of life. This field represents many areas, including personal finance, nutrition, parenting and childcare, interpersonal relationships, family systems, career preparation, family resource management, design and merchandising, interior design, etc. -
Smith-Lever Act
Established a national Cooperative Extension Service (including FACS) that extended outreach programs through the land-grant universities to educate farmers about the improved agricultural practices. -
Smith Hughes Act
Established FACS as a part of Vocational Education. It provided federal aid to the states to promote pre-collegiate vocational education in agricultural and industrial trades and home economics. It required that state boards submit their plans for vocational education to the board for approval which provided for better federal control. -
Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics
ADA was founded in 1917 by 58 people who saw the need for people educated in the science of nutrition and trained in the art of feeding people. ADA was dedicated to helping the government conserve food and improve the public health and nutrition during WWI. The first president of ADA was Lulu C. Graves. ADA is the world's largest organization of food and nutrition professionals. ADA is the only charitable organization dedicated to promoting only nutrition and dietetics. -
Vocational Education Act
Provided grants to states to help maintain, improve, and develop vocational technical education programs. It required all states to set up detailed plans and reports if they wanted to qualify for specific Federal education funds. It allowed for financial support for vocational students in the work study program. Replaced the Smith Hughes Act. -
Higher Education Act
Strengthened the educational resources of colleges to provide financial help for students in higher education. Gave more opportunities to middle and lower class families. -
Vocational Amendment
It authorized funds to aid states in establishing vocational education programs in local high schools. This expanded the Vocational Education Act of 1963. -
Vocational Rehabilitation Act
This act extended and revised the authorization of grants to states for vocational rehabilitation services, with emphasis on services to individuals with severe disabilities. Federal responsibilities, training, and research were expanded to better suit individuals with disabilities. The Secretary of Education had special responsibilities to coordinate activities for individuals with disabilities within programs administered by the federal government. -
Vocational Educational Amendment
The purpose was to extend, improve, and maintain programs,
overcome sex discrimination/bias, and to develop new programs. This also permitted the allocation of federal funds to programs for single heads of households, homemakers, part-time workers seeking full-time jobs, and people seeking jobs in areas that aren't traditional for their gender. -
Family, Career, and Community Leaders of America
FCCLA was created to promote personal growth and leadership development through Family and Consumer Sciences education. FCCLA focuses on the multiple roles of family members and community leaders. FCCLA members develop skills for life through: character development, critical thinking, interpersonal communication, practical knowledge, and career preparation. -
Carl Perkins Act
The primary federal funding source for high school, University CTE Programs, and colleges that are preparing people for jobs in local regional economies. The latest version was passed in July 2018. The Perkins act provides funding under the three main programs:
1. Basic State Grant Programs
2. National programs that allow certain research organizations to conduct national research to improve CTE programs
3. Tech Prep Programs
