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Natural Theology
Marcus Terentius Varro (116–27 BC)
His branch of theology is based on reasoning and ordinary experiences. -
Carolus Linneaus
1707-1778
Laid the foundations for modern day binomial nomenclature. -
James Hutton
1726-1797
His work helped to establish the basis of modern geology. -
Jean-Baptiste de Lamark
1744-1829
Early proponent of the idea that evolution occurred and proceeded in accordance with natural laws. -
Thomas Malthus
1766-1834
He was known for his theories about population and its increase or decrease in response to various factors. -
Georges Cuvier
1769-1832
He established the fields of comparative anatomy and paleontology through his work in comparing living animals with fossils. He is also well known for establishing extinction as a fact. -
Charles Lyell
1797-1875
Best known as the author of Principles of Geology, which popularised James Hutton's concepts of uniformitarianism. He was also a close and influential friend of Charles Darwin. -
Alfred Russel Wallace
1823-1913
Best known for independently proposing a theory of evolution due to natural selection that prompted Charles Darwin to publish his own theory. -
Ernst Mayr
104-2005
He is sometimes known as the inventor of modern philosophy of biology, particularly the part related to evolutionary biology, which he distinguished from physics due to its introduction of natural history into science. -
Aristotle
Circa 338 - 322 B.C. One of Aristotle's greatest contributions was his philosophy, believing that logic is the systematic reasoning for the universe.