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Constitution calls for free public education
Only poor students are entitled to free public education under Pennsylvania's state constitution. Rich people are expected to pay for their kids' education. -
The New York Public School Society
Rich businesspeople founded the New York Public School Society to educate underprivileged youngsters. The "Lancasterian" approach of education allows one "master" to instruct hundreds of students in a single room. The elder students receive a rote lesson from the master, who then transfers it to the younger students. These institutions place a strong emphasis on the obedience and discipline that industrial owners value in their employees. -
Establish Public schools
Boston English, the nation's first public high school, debuts in 1827. allowing all students to attend public school in all grades without payment. -
Common School Movement
The common school movement sought to establish governmental authority over public schools, offer free education for white children, and educate and train instructors. -
Massachussets reform schools
Opening of the Massachusetts Reform School in Westboro, which receives kids who have resisted attending public schools. This is the first in a long line of "reform schools," which mix the juvenile justice and educational systems. -
Education Law
The first state to enact a law requiring compulsory schooling was Massachusetts. Getting poor immigrant children "civilized"—learning submission and restraint—is the aim in order for them to become productive employees and prevent social unrest. -
Plessy V. Ferguson
Plessy v. Ferguson argument was to let African American children attend public schools before public schools were segregated by race. The outcome was to separate children from schools because of their race. The impact was that all have to be equal and that this law end of legalized racial segregation. -
Mid 19th Century Native Americans/ Boarding schools
The native/ American/ boarding schools argue that they want to eliminate the Native American culture and replace it with American culture. The outcome is that it will access education, electricity, plumbing, and food and have relationships with other children from other communities and tribes. It will impact their language because they have lost their language and culture and have been removed from their communities. They wanted the Native American children into European American culture. -
Chinese Imigrants
California must provide Chinese immigrant children with access to public school, according to the U.S. Supreme Court. -
Brown V. Board of Education
Argument was to let African American children attend public schools before public schools were segregated by race. The outcome was to separate children from schools because of their race. The impact was that all have to be equal and that this law end of legalized racial segregation. The Supreme Court has determined that segregated educational institutions are "inherently unequal" and must be eliminated. In 1998, some 45 years later, schools, particularly in the north, are still segregated. -
Elementary and secondary Act
Elementary and secondary education goals were equal access to education and to provide federal funds to support schools with children with financial problems. ESEA and ESSA laws relationship was that no children should be left behind and the ESEA updated the elementary and secondary education, and the ESSA act is more flexible to states. -
Title IX (of the education Amendment Act of 1972)
The Title IX law argument was women were excluded from or had limited access to education programs. An outcome was prohibiting federally funded education from discriminating against students or employees. The impact was equal opportunity in schools and combat sexual assault and combat sexual violence. -
Milliken V. Bradley
Desegregation of schools across school districts is prohibited, according to a Supreme Court decision made by Richard Nixon appointees. Due to this, white kids in richer white suburban districts and pupils of color in inner-city districts are effectively separated by the law. -
Education of all handicapped children act
The law of IDEA ( individuals with disabilities Education Act) was passed in 1975 and was known before as the Handicapped Children Act; then, it changed its name to the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act. -
Pyler V. Doe
A Texas legislation permitted the state to withhold education funding for children without legal status. The Supreme Court determined that this legislation infringed on the rights of these children guaranteed by the Fourteenth Amendment because it discriminated against them based on a characteristic beyond of their control and because this discrimination was not found to serve a sufficiently compelling governmental purpose -
Preposition 209
With the passage of Proposition 209, which forbids affirmative action in public employment, public contracting, and public education, California once more sets the bar for other states to follow. Right-wing groups want to pass legislation on the federal level that is comparable to what is being proposed in other states, so they jump on board with their own efforts.