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Colonial Period
First Education law, Massachusetts Law of 1642 ordered selectmen of each town to provide education. The Age of Enlightenment brought in a new ideas and concern for independent rationality and greater questioning of dogma. The educational system changed to meet the need of the intellectual, economic and social order. Many schools refused to change their curriculum. During this time there were a few colleges founded in the New England colonies. Education was determined by social class. -
Monitorial Schools, Charity Schools, & Infant Schools
Monitorial Schools originated in England and were brought to America by Joseph Lancaster. Concerned with teaching only the basics of reading, writing, and arithmetic. First school opened in New York City 1806. instill the virtues of orderliness,obedience and industriousness. System declined overtime. Factory like. Charity Schools was ideal for school operated by various free school societies. Infant Schools taught by women- kids 4-7 -
Horace Mann
- “Father of American Education”. Elected to the Massachusetts legislature in 1827, he became the spokesperson for the common school movement. Led a campaign to organize the schools in Massachusetts into a state system and establish a board of education. Equality in education, every child was provided an education.
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Common School
IMOST IMPORTANT Instead of sporadic state legislation and abdication of responsibility, state systems of education were established. State control and taxation for support of the common schools. The common school was the product of a variety of economical, social and political factors. This is the school system we know today. This is still in effect as the school system -
Committee of Ten
The president of Harvard University, Charles Eliot and other representatives of higher education make up this committee. This committee recommended an early introduction to the basic subjects and uniform matter and instruction for both college-bound and terminal students with a few electives. -
Secondary School Movement
Edcuation beyond the elementary school was not available until the end of 19th century. -
The Measurement Movement
MOST IMPORTANT. A test that indicated the level of an individuals mental development. A specific number. Thorndike, scaled measuring achievement in arithmetic, spelling, reading, language, and other areas. WW1 was a major factor in this test. The military needed a massive mobilization of manpower, and see if the men were suited for service and which kind of service.We stilluse this type of test to meausre where we fall. -
The Progressive Reform Movement
Banned state laws- school was mandatory for everyone to attend, it wasn't a choice anymore. There were changes made to the cirriculum and the practice of education itself. -
Brown vs. Board of Education
MOST IMPORTANT Linda Brown experience of going to white school and being kicked out. "if denied opportunity, can't be better".
Separate was not equal. Courts banned segregation, and all had to comply with the decision. African American teachers were fired because of segregation even though they had higher education than white teachers. The South was most upset. This is still impacting our schools- showing that blacks are just as equal as whites are- all because of Brown. -
Sputnik and NDEA
National Defense Education Act. Directing significant federal funding to specific curricular areas, such as math, science, and modern foreign languages, the federal government for the first time attempted to influence the curriculum in general elementary and secondary education. NDEA sponsored the efforts of academic specialists to revise the curriculum according to the latest theories and methods.The NDEA set the stage for the federal government’s increased involvement in education. -
The Civil Rights Movement & The War on Poverty
A.ACivil Rights MOST IMPORTANT- Title VI of the act prohibits discrimination against students on the basis of race, color, or national orgin in all institutions receiving federal funds. Title VII forbids discrimination in employment. Federal legistlation was passed to subside low income housing, improve health care, expand welfare services, provide job retraining, undertake regional planning in depressed areas and improve inner city schools. Education was viewed as a major factor in eliminating poverty. -
Individuals with Disabilities in Education Act,
MOST IMPORTANT This law was able to help those students with disabilities to be able to have a opportunity in education. At one point, there were 75% of all disabled children not enrolled in school. This law helped them to be able to start their education and be somewhat equal in the school society Still today student with disabilities are given the proper and accommodating education they deserve. -
The Impact of Jefferson, Rush, & Webster
He and Benjamin Franklin organized the first abolition society in Philadelphia. “Society for the Relief for Negros" He was an advocate of education for women and founded one of the first female academies in the US. Their education was based off the idea that women brought up sons to be virtuous citizens, in order to do this the mothers needed to be educated. -
No Child Left Behind
NClBMOST IMPORTANT. The most sweeping education reform legislation since ESEA of 1965. This only applies to schools receiving Title I fund. 20 -30% increase in the state education budget. This is still something that students remember and are motivated to do good in school. -
The Impact of John Dewey
Emphasized pracitcal ideas in both of his philosophical and educational theories. always showing acstract concepts could work in everyday life. He emphazied hands on learning and opposed authoritative methods of educaiton.
