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Education in the Colonial Period (1600-1700’s)
MOST IMPORTANT: Only larger towns in New England were required to build schools, elsewhere education was not free nor public. Webster’s Blueback speller, book designed to teach students about the United States was introduced (forerunner to the dictionary). This time period paved the way for American Education, everything starts somewhere.
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The Impact of Jefferson, Rush, & Webster (late 1700- early 1800’s)
MOST IMPORTANT: Rush- In Pennsylvania established the idea that every town of 100 homes or more would have to provide a free schooling to students to learn to read and write along with arithmetic. Webster- He prepared a number of spelling grammar and reading books to replace the English (British) versions, along with establishing the Blue-Back speller and the American dictionary. Jefferson-Proposed a bill that allowed all children to attend school for 3 years free of charge. -
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Northwest Land Ordinance
This ordinance consolidated the north and the south to make schooling mandatory (section 16). The best minds were gathered to be educated and prepared for leadership. Separation of church and state. -
Common Schools (1830's)
MOST IMPORTANT: Common schools were put in place by Horace Mann. These schools allowed all children a chance to receive education. Common schools are free of charge. Would be of the highest quality to bring the rich children from private schools. Schooling should be funded by taxes. Common school refers to the idea that all types of people attend one common school. Link text -
The Impact of Horace Mann
Politian, first secretary of the Board of Education. He would ride on horseback from district to district to check out the different schools, wrote reports on the physical condition. Even visited rural schoolhouses. Mann pushed for the idea of Common Schools. -
The Progressive Reform Movement (1890-1920’s)
This movement put more emphasis on learning for real life. There was a lot more hands on learning. -
The Impact of John Dewey
John Dewey became associated with the University of Chicago, and took a main role in the pragmatic philosophy appearance. -
Secondary School Movement (1910-1940)
In 1910 only 19% of high school age students attended school, as opposed to in 1940 where there were 73% were enrolled. -
Brown vs. Board of Education
MOST IMPORTANT: As a result of this the court established a law making it unconstitutional to have separate schools for black and white students. The unintended result was the loss jobs for many African American teachers. This also inspired future reforms that would help advance our education system. Link text -
The Civil Rights Act
This act outlawed any discrimination against race, sex, religion and more in schools and workplaces. -
Elementary and Secondary Education Act
This act resulted in a statute that funded elementary and secondary schools. It also provided each student fair and equal chances to accomplish an extraordinary education. -
Individuals with Disabilities in Education Act
Ensures that all children have the opportunity to receive Free and Appropriate Public Education (FAPE). This is for all children, regardless of disability. Each student should receive education that is appropriate for them. -
A Nation at Risk Report
MOST IMPORTANT: This report by President Ronald Reagan called out the school system, saying that we were failing. It pushed for a reform that required more accountability. High school students were required to have 4 years of English, 3 years of math, 3 years of science, 3 years of social studies, and half a year of computer science. Link text -
The Standards Movement
The standards help keep all the schools on the same page. It directs what the students should learn and be able to do. -
No Child Left Behind
For schools to continue receiving funding they would have to use assessments of basic skills. These assessments were given at certain grade levels.
