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322 BCE
Aristotle
He believed that the earth was round. Aristotle thought that the sun and moon, planet, and stars travel in separate circles / spheres. He believed that the earth was the center of the universe. -
170 BCE
Ptolemy
Geocentric was a superseded description of the universe w/ Earth’s center. It was named that because Geo stands for earth and centric is like the center so he called it Ptolemaic. -
120 BCE
Hipparchus
Greek astronomer, he discovered the precession of equinoxes. First known star catalog and calculated the distance between the sun and moon. -
1543
Copernicus
He believed that Heliocentric , it is the sun center instead of earth. Came up with the scientific method. -
Tycho Brahe
He was one of the people that help make the belief of heliocentric model of the universe, with the sun at the center. He had the most accurate time for measuring. -
Hans Lippershey
He was a lens maker. Invented the telescope, and he had 3x for magnification for his telescope. -
Johannes Kepler
German astronomer,Tycho Brahe's assistant. He discovered that the orbit of the planets area not circular but elliptical (oval) -
Galileo
italian astronomer. He discovered the sunspot. The stars were not fixed to invisible shelves. He invented the telescope and he discovered four of the moons Io, Europa, Ganymede, Callisto circling Jupiter. Galileo’s discovery strengthened his belief in Copernicus theory. -
Giovanni Cassini
He discovered the Cassini division, he found 4 of Saturn’s moon,and the rotation periods of Mars and Jupiter -
Sir Isaac Newton
worked with Copernicus and Kepler. He invented reflecting telescope 1668, and developed the three laws of motion. -
William Herschel
He discovered the planet Uranus and its moon.He also discovered 2 more of Saturn's moons and believed he found polar ice. He also discovered the temperature of different colors of sunlight passed through prism. -
Percival Lowell
Discovered pluto and studied canalis on Mars. Built the lowell observatory in Flagstaff AZ to study Mars. -
Karl Jansky
Discovered the radio waves are emanating from space. Radio waves area the longest type of the energy waves. -
Edwin Hubble
Using the color of the stars, discovered the universe is expanding. Hubble’s Law, galaxies are moving away from each other. The idea is the basis of the Big Bang Theory of how the universe began. -
Albert Einstein
Theory of Relativity (1905) and gravitation. -
Sputnik
The importance of sputnik to the U.S. in midst of the cold war, Russia was successful in launching the first satellite into space to orbit earth. Putting the soviet union ahead to the united states. Science and space travel became a new priority for the U.S. and the educational system. In 1958 President Dwight Eisenhower created NASA begins “the space race” -
Yuri Gagarin
Russia. He was a soviet pilot and a cosmonaut. He was the first human to journey in outer space and he completed an orbit of the Earth. -
John Glenn
He became the first American to orbit the Earth, circling it 3 times. His missions were Mercury-Atlas 6 and STS-95 -
Ejnar Hertzsprung
One of the inventor of the Hertzsprung Russell diagram. The HR diagram show the correlation between and the absolute magnitude (brightness) and the spectral type of stars -
Neil Armstrong
He was the first person to walk on the Moon. His missions were Apollo 11 and Gemini 8 -
Apollo Mission
Apollo program was designed to land humans on the Moon and safely back to earth. Six of the mission 11,12,14,15,16,and 17 achieved the goal. -
First Shuttle Flight
It was the first shuttle to launch into space. It was also the first mission STS-1 -
Mars Pathfinder Expedition
To find mar and it’s path -
Cassini Orbiter
It took 30 years to complete the mission. Dropped the probe to collect data -
SapceX Falcon Heavy
is a partially reusable heavy-lift launch vehicle designed and manufactured by SpaceX.
