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384 BCE
Aristotle
He was born in 384 B.C.E and died in 322 B.C.E, and he proved that the earth was spherical, and that the earth was the center of the universe. -
190 BCE
Hipparchus
He was born in 190 B.C.E and died in 120 B.C.E. His is known for his discovery of the precision of equinoxes as well as the founder of trigonometry. He created the first catalog of stars, calculated the length of a year, and the distance between the earth and the moon. -
100
Ptomley
Ptomley was born from 100 A.D. to 170 A.D. He is known for his discovery of geocentric theory. This theory stated that all celestial objects rotated around the earth, and it is named this way due to the belief that the Earth was the center of the universe. -
1473
Copernicus
He lived from 1473 to 1543, and is known for his discovery of the Heliocentric model. This model shows that the sun lies at or near a central point where other bodies revolve around it. The origin of this is'' of or relating to the sun''. He is also known for his creation of the scientific method. -
1546
Tycho Brahe
He was alive from 1546 to 1601, and is known for creating the most precise instruments before the telescope. He is also known for his accurate observations of the motion of the sun, moon, and stars. -
1564
Galileo
He was born in 1564 and died in 1642. He is known for his finding of Jupiter's four biggest moons. The moons were named Io, Europa, Ganymede, and Callisto. His findings strengthened Copernicus's theory that the earth and all the planets revolve around the sun. He is also known for being one of the founders of the telescope, and developing the idea of sunspots. One of his beliefs was that the stars were not fixed to a celestial sphere. -
1570
Hans Lippershey
He was born in 1570 and died in 1619. His findings include the invention of the telescope, which magnification was 3x. -
1571
Johannes Kepler
He was born in 1570 and died in 1630. He was Tycho Brahe's assistant, and he made a discovery that the orbit of the planets were elliptical not circular. -
Giovanni Cassini
He lived from 1625 to 1712. His findings include the four satellites of Saturn, and the division of the Saturn's rings. -
Sir Isaac Newton
He lived from 1642 to 1727. His contributions are discovering the three laws of motion , as well as developing the works of Copernicus and Kepler using math. He also invented the reflecting telescope in 1668. -
Reflecting telescope
The Reflecting telescope was invented in 1668. The invention consisted of a combination of curved mirrors that reflect light and create a image. The difference between this telescope and the Refracting telescope was that the Refracting telescope featured lenses. -
Refracting telescope
This telescope was invented by Galileo in 1669. This telescope features lens to form an image. It uses were for astronomy and for long lense cameras. -
Willam Herschel
His life span was from 1738 to 1822. He is known for discovering the planet Uranus and it's moons, as well as Saturn's moons. He also determined that different colors of sunlight passed through a prism. -
Percival Lowell
His life was from 1855 to 1916. He founded the Lowell observatory, and he initiated a search beyond the planet Neptune, which ended up being the planet Pluto -
Ejnar Hertzsprung
He lived from 1873 to 1967. He is known for creating the HR diagram which classifies the brightness and color of the stars. -
Albert Einstein
He was born from 1879 to 1955. He is best known for creating the theory of relativity . He is also known for his discoveries of light , which is known for being the foundation of physics. -
Edwin Hubble
He lived from 1889 to 1953, and is known for his creation of a theory called the Big Bang theory. This states that the earth is always expanding. -
Karl Jansky
He was born from 1905 to 1950, and he is known discovering a radio that proved that electromagnetic waves of extrateristial origin were reaching earth. -
John Glenn
He was born in 1921 and died in 2016.He was the 1st United States citizen to orbit the earth 3 times. -
Neil Armstrong
He lived from 1930 to 2012. He is known for being the first man to walk on the moon. -
Yuri Gagarin
He was born in 1934 and died in 1968. He was known for being the first Soviet human to orbit Earth. -
Sputnik
Russia was successful in launching the first ever satellite to orbit Earth. This put the Soviet Union ahead of the United States, which made space travel a priority for the U.S.. This led President Dwight Eisenhower to creating the space program called NASA. This officially began the space race. -
Apollo Misssions
The Apollo Program ran from 1963- 1972. This program was designed to land humans on the Moon and bring them back to Earth. Apollo's 11, 12, 14, 15, 16, 17 achieved this goal. Apollo's 8, 10, and 13 were able to take photos of the lunar surface. The 6 mission's that landed on the moon were able to find about 400 kilograms of lunar samples. -
First Space Shuttle flight
The first space shuttle flight was the Space Shuttle Columbia in 1981. This shuttle over 22 years of service before it's disasters' 28th mission. -
Mars Pathfinder Expedition
The Mars Pathfinder launched in 1996. The Pathfinder consisted of a lander, and a robotic Mars Rover. This became the first rover to operate outside of the Earth-Moon system. -
Cassini Orbiter
The Cassini orbit was sent into space in 1997. This was a collaboration between NASA, the European Space Agency, and the Italian Space Agency. It was sent up into space to study Saturn and it's system, which include it's rings and satellites. -
SpaceX Falcon Heavy
In 2018, SpaceX launched the Falcon Heavy rocket. This rocket was the Earth's most powerful rocket ever launched , and had the 4th highest capacity of any rocket ever built.
