History of Animation

Stop Motion

1897

Stop Motion Animation was founded by J. Stuart Blackton in 1897. It is made by artists drawing the same picture in different places on different pieces of paper, then when it all comes together they flow through the papers creating a motion. Examples "The Lost World"(1925), "Jason and the Argonauts"(1963), "Mary and Max"(2009).

Cel Animation

1915

Cel Animation was created in 1919 by Earl Hurd and John Bray. Cel animation uses the technique of drawing each image by hand in an animation, which would sometimes require 1 million images. Examples would be "The Rescuers"(1977), "101 Dalmations"(1961),"Gulliver's Travel's"(1939).

Rotoscoping

1917

Rotoscoping was founded in 1917, but it wasn't manufactured until 2 years later and that's when it was named rotoscoping; It was founded Max Fleischer. The animations are created by the artist tracing over images in each frame, making a motion; this was used to produce realistic animations without filming actual people. Some examples would be "Undone"(2019), "The Birds"(1963), "A Scanner Darkly"(2006).

Cut out Animation

1926

Cut out animation was founded by an Italian-Argentine cartoonist(Quirino Cristani) created a animation using cut outs of pictures. This happened in 1918, but in 1926 an animator(Lotte reininger) had made a film using silhouette cut outs. Some movies or films using cut out animations would be "Frank Film"(1973), "Surviving Life" 2010, and "How Death Came To Earth"(1971).

Theatrical Cartoons

1932

In the 1930's people found ways to animate their drawings and make them into short films. 1932 is when these animations started coming around and they where put in theaters, but the films where only about 5 minutes long. Examples would be Snow White(1937), Merrie Melodys(1930), The Three Little Pigs(1933).

Traditional Animation

1940

Traditional Animation was a more developed version of Theatrical Cartoons in the decade before. In the 1940's animators where perfecting their hand drawn animations, which is how they came to the name Traditional Animation since it was the way that they started animating and creating these films. Examples would include "Fantasia"(1940), "Pinocchio"(1940), "Bambi"(1942).

Multiplane Camera

1957

In 1957 Walt Disney had introduced the Multiplane camera, which was used to film the animations. The camera would catch the hand drawn images and set the images to certain speeds, creating a motion in the picture which was how the films where made. Examples would include "Alice In Wonderland"(1951), "Peter Pan"(1953), "Sleeping Beauty"(1959).

Computer Animation

1961

Computer Animation started by engineers playing around and experimenting on computers and found ways to draw and animate on them. John Witney had founded computer animation in 1961. Some examples would be "Cars"(2006), Cassiopeia"(1996), "Agent F.O.X."(2014).

3D Animation

1972

3D Animation was invented by Edwin Catmull in 1972. It was created by experimenting with computer animation and it is the same as 2d animation just 3D. Examples would be "Frozen"(2013), "Moana"(2016), "Incredibles 2"(2018).

Claymation

1976

Claymation was invented in 1976 by Will Vinton. It is what it sounds like, it is the molding of clay into objects and taking pictures and moving the clay each time you take a picture. Examples would be"Chicken Run"(2000), "Early Man"(2018),"Coraline"(2009).

Special Effects

1985

In 1957 Oscar Rejlander had developed special effects, but it was not used and established until 1985. Special effects are created on a computer animating system and is used in shows and movies to make realistic animations and add to the film. Examples would be "Back to The Future"(1985), "The Goonies"(1985), "Top Gun"(1986).

CGI Animation

1990

CGI Animation was created by Edwin Catmull in 1990. CGI is used to add things into films like animations, animals, etc. this would also be the use of a green suit and green screen. Examples would be "Lion King"(2019),"The Lego Movie"(2014),"Tron"(1982).