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Dame Schools
Respected women provided specialized home instruction for children in reading, writing, and computation. This was the beginning of the homeschooling movement. Photo Credit: Emaze -
Common Schools
Horace Mann advocated for the Common School Movement. These schools were free educational establishments open to children of all religious and social backgrounds. Today, they are known as public elementary schools. Photo Credit: PowToon -
Plessy v. Ferguson
Supreme Court decision to legally segregate all schools. The court ruled that educational institutions be separate but equal. This would lead to the segregation of railway transportation. Photo Credit: All That Is Interesting -
Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka
Supreme Court decision that outlawed racial segregation in schools. The court ruled that separate educational facilities were not equal. Photo Credit: Evangelicals for Social Action -
Title IX
A federal law stating that no individual can be excluded, denied benefits, or be discriminated against based on their sex. This includes educational programs that receive federal financial assistance. Photo Credit: Azusa Pacific University -
No Child Left Behind
Law signed by President George W. Bush that required annual state mandated testing in English language arts and mathematics for grade 3-8, and again in grades 10-12. Also in grades 3-5, 6-8, and 10-12 students would be tested in science. By reporting test results for all students, schools were to be held accountable for student performance. Photo Credit: Education Week
