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French and English Relations
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Louis Riel
Louis Riel was french and fought for the metis for their rights, he help the Native people and Metis to fight against the Canadian government known as the North west rebellion. He was brought to trial for treason, but the trail was heavily flawed and the french were outraged. Sir A. Macdonald showed no mercy and gave the famous quote “ Riel will hang though every dog in Quebec shall bark in his favour ”. This is the first major conflict between the French and English. -
Conscription Crisis (WWI)
The Conscription Crisis happen on 1917, it was a result of WWI there were too many people dying and not enough people volunteering, this cause PM Robert Borden to implement the Military Services Act. This forces people to go to war, but people did not like this because he promised no conscription, also the french did not want to fight for the British. The English were mad that the French did not want to fight for Britain, the French were furious that they needed to fight for Britain. -
The Great Drakness (La Grande Noirceur) 1936-1939
Maurice Duplessis wanted Quebec to be run by Quebec, he did this by not taking money from the federal government, hospitals and schools were given to the Catholic Church. It is called the Great Darkness because it was a time of corruption, secrets and important facts were not told to the public, and there were no social, economical and political improvement. The English did not like that Duplessis wanted Quebec to be their own country. -
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The Great Darkness (La Grande Noirceur) 1936-1939 1944-1959
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Conscription Crisis ( WWII)
During World War II Prime Minister Mackenzie King set up a plebiscite in order to let the people decide whether conscription would occur or not. Over 4 million people voted and the majority wanted conscription, Quebec was the only province that did not want conscription.In order to help the French King said "Not necessarily conscription, but conscription if necessary". This help cool down the French and English Relations because the french knew King was helping them. -
Richard Riots
The Richard Riots was an event when people rioted against the English because of a extreme punishment towards Maurice Richard, a Montreal Canadian hockey player suspended for hitting a lineman, he was suspended for the whole season and playoffs. The French though the punishment was too extreme because he was french, and the punishment embarrassed the French; the french did want to be ruled by the English any longer and wanted to be separate.This only made the French-English relation even worst. -
The Quiet Revolution
The Quiet Revolution had no violence or war, it was a time of change. Jean Lesage wanted to change Quebec unlike Duplessis, he had a impact on Quebec. He was able to improve the economy and the province by nationalizing hydroelectric utilities, modernized education system, taking over the Catholic church and improving the status of women.This made Quebec want to control more of Quebec's affair. The tension rises the nationalism of Quebec is evolving into separatism. -
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The Quiet Revolution
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The FLQ 1963-1970
The FLQ a terrorist group that focuses on freeing Quebec from Canada. They set off bombs mostly in Montreal, and through the years 6 people were killed and many were injured.This terrorist group was so focused on liberating Quebec that they set of bombs in their land in other to scare the English from coming.The tension between the French and English was rising because of this event. -
BI an BI Commission
Lester B. Pearson sense that he needed to take action to the separatist from Quebec. He created the Royal Commission Bilingualism an Biculturalism in 1963. He did this because he did not want any conflict within Canada, especially with Quebec with all the French and English relations. He did not want to raise the tension to cause any problems. -
Charles de Gauile (French President)
Charles de Gauile was invited to Canada to attend expo 67, he gave a speech that fueled the Quebec separatists. He said that Quebec running their own province was the same way when France was liberated from the Nazis,also he was all for separatism. The French were fired up, but the English was outraged because they were compared with the Nazis and C. Gaulie intervention of Canadian affairs. Charles de Gaulie intensify the relations of French and English. -
The Official Language Act
Pierre Trudeau passed The Official Language Actin order to settle things with Quebec and to stop them from separating. The Act say that the government agencies needed to offer service for both languages. Prime Minister Trudeau wanted Canadians to learn each others culture. He did not want the French and English relation to escalate any more, he wanted to stop any more conflict with the French. -
The October Crisis
The October Crisis aggravated both French and English. Members of the FLQ kidnapped British Trade Commissioner, James Cross because he was a symbol for English people,days after the Labour Minister, Pierre Laporte was also kidnapped. To defend the government Pierre Trudeau enacted the War Measure Act, meaning taking away civil right of Canadians; armed forces were sent to relocate the government officials and were positioned in Ottawa. Laporte's body was found and later the members were arrested -
Bill 101
The Parti Quebecois first wanted to pass Bill 101. Bill 101 states that French must be used everywhere, french was to be used in the government, courts, business and the official language in workplaces. The English-Speaking Quebecker were mad because they did not want to learn French causing 50,000 people leaving the province, also store owners and retailers formed a group that would fight the ruling.This affected the English because the French were so determined to get rid of the them. -
1st Referendum
Premier Rene Levesque had set up a referendum for for Quebec independence, but less than 20% wanted to separate because the rest were scared of the American dominance. Levesque suggested a Sovereignty Association, where Quebec control most of its laws. In the end, 60% said "Non" and 40% said "Oui".This increased the tension between the French and English Relations because the English have influence some people to not separate and stay in Canada.
