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Period: 100 BCE to 1800 BCE
SR Timeline
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1200
Geocentric and Heliocentric
Geocentric:The term geocentric describes the theory on the organization of the universe presented by Ptolemy of ancient Greece, and incorporated into the Aristotelian system, which claims that the earth is the center of the solar system and that the sun and other planets orbit around it.
Heliocentric:The term heliocentric describes the correct theory, first posed by Nicolas Copernicus, that the Earth is simply one of several planets which orbit the sun. -
1214
Roger Bacon
He was one of the earliest people to like scientific experiments, rather than religious and ancient beliefs. People were more willing to answer their questions and old beliefs. /also answering questions they had about the natural world. The study became more organized, and able to explain the world in terms of science and mathematics. Rather than explaining the world in terms of magic, ancient beliefs, magic, or ancient writers. -
Feb 19, 1473
Nicolaus Copernicus
Copernicus's theory is that the sun is the center of the universe. Copernicus developed the heliocentric theory. In Greek Helio means "sun". When Copernicus developed his theory very little people paid attention. Copernicus's theory was not very strong since, he had no mathematics or instruments to prove his theory. The theory denied people's senses that they couldn't feel earth moving. -
Dec 31, 1514
Andreas Vesalius
Vesalius did his own study on the human body and how it was constructed. Vesalius wrote a book about the human body. The book helped people get a visual understanding. It talked about the pieces of the body and of how they work together. His family was full of physicians and pharmacists. He knew that the knowledge of the human form was critical for surgeries. He went to school to get his M.D. degree. Much of his time was devoted to dissections of corpse which he insisted he did them himself. -
Jan 1, 1543
The publication of On The Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres by Copernicus
On The Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres was decacated to Pope Paul III, to protect him from vilification. In the book Copernicus wrote about how the earth revolved around sun, the heliocentric theory, not the other way around like it was believed. This book would later be banned. -
Jan 22, 1561
Francis Bacon
Francis believed scientific theories developed only through observation. Like Descartes he believed that no assumptions would be trusted/true without proved with experiments. Bacon counted on the truth that was able to be demonstrated physically, instead of through thoughts and reasoning. He published a book in 1620 about the new system of knowledge. -
Feb 15, 1564
Galileo Galilei
Galileo read about Dutch device that makes objects appear larger. Galileo decided to build his own device called a telescope. His telescope was very similar to the telescope we use today. Galileo was able to see thins no one else has ever seen before. He saw the valleys on the moon. He saw the rings around Saturn. He saw the spots on the sun. He used his observations to argue that not all planets revolve around earth. Galileo drew sketches of everything he saw threw his telescope. -
Dec 27, 1571
Johannes Kepler
Kepler helped Copernicus with proving his theory. Kepler was a German astronomer. Kepler was a brilliant mathematician. He used mathematics and other ideas to help prove heliocentric. Some things in Copernicus's theory were wrong. It kind of slowed Kepler down a bit. Eventually Kepler proved the heliocentric theory was correct. All the math added up but now they had to figure out it was truly correct by looking at it and taking notes. Galileo helped Kepler and Copernicus prove the theory. -
Apr 1, 1578
William Harvey
Harvey studied the circulation of blood. He explained how the blood moves through the veins and arteries. He also observed the heart. He was the first to recognize the circulation of blood in the human body. He had experiments and arguments to support his idea. He studied arts and medicine. He became a surgeon. During his process he lost all his notes on patients, postmortem examinations, and animal dissections. At the time the influence of oxygen in the body and on the blood was not understood. -
Rene Decartes
His ideas were a big part of the scientific revolution. His ideas helped move forward with the mathematics, the sciences, and philosophy. Descartes didn't believe in assumptions without finding supporting evidence. Everything had to be proven. He worked in a lot of different areas of work mostly science and mathematics. -
Beginning of English Royal Society
Enabled new scientists to communicate their ideas to each other and to disseminate them to a wider, literate public. The English Royal Society was created in the 1640s, although did not receive a formal charter from King Charles II until 1662. It emphasized the practical value of scientific research and came to focus their primary interest on ideal work in mechanics and astronomy. -
Isaac Newton
Isaac Newton was one of the greatest people in the history of science. His ideas are very important to the science of physics. One of his first greatest discoveries was light. Newton's work showed how gravity works and keeps the other planets in motion. He became president of the Royal Society a major science group. Another one of his accomplishments was he wrote a book about the work Copernicus, Galileo, and Kepler. The book Showed that the planets even earth revolve around the sun. -
Cavendish, "Grounds of Natural Philosophy"
Margaret was one of the most outstanding female scientists of the 17th century. Cavendish was not a popular of science for women but a participant in the crucial scientific debates of her time. She wrote a number of books on scientific matters. In her works, she did not hesitate to attack what she considered defects of the rationalist and experimentation approaches of scientific knowledge and was especially vital for the growing belief that through science people would be masters of nature. -
Newton announces his Colors theory to the Royal Society
Newton concluded that light is composed of coloured particles which combine to appear white. He introduced the term 'colour spectrum'. Despite Newton's confidence that his theory had been proven, it still faced several problems and was not accepted right away by the Royal Society. -
Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica is published by Newton
It is the work of Issac Newton, and it is often called Principia. The book sates his laws of motion, also his law of universal gravity. In his book Newton's mathematical theory of motion under centripetal forces, and the ones stated by Galileo and Huygens are different because Newton's was generic. Galileo and Huygen's focused on only one time type of force, while Newton's covers not only forces that vary in one way, but forces that way in other ways.
