history of medicine Sabrina Redmon

By sabrina redmon
  • 4000 BCE

    4000 BC – 3000 BC Primitive Times

    4000 BC – 3000 BC Primitive Times
    the thought that illness and diseases were caused by evil spirits and punishments from god
    They would surgically remove a piece of bone from the skull
    average life span 20 years
  • 3000 BCE

    3000 BC – 300 BC Ancient Egyptians

    3000 BC – 300 BC Ancient Egyptians
    Physicians were the priests
    First heth records were recorded
    Bloodletting or leeches are used as medical treatment
    average life span was 20-30 years
  • 1700 BCE

    1700 BC – AD 220 Ancient Chinese

    1700 BC – AD 220 Ancient Chinese
    They believed in treating the body and not the spirit
    They believed that there were natural causes of illness
    average life span was 25-35 years
  • 1200 BCE

    1200 BC –200 BC Ancient Greeks

    1200 BC –200 BC Ancient Greeks
    Hippocrates (Father of Medicine) and other physiciansFirst to observe the human body and the effects of disease – led to modern medical sciences.
    Believed illness is a result of natural causes
    Used therapies such as massage, art therapy, and herbal treatment
    Stressed diet, hygiene, and exercise as ways to prevent disease
    The average life span was 25-35 years
  • 400

    AD 400 – AD 800 Dark Ages

    AD 400 – AD 800 Dark Ages
    Emphasis on saving the soul and study of medicine was prohibited
    Prayer and divine intervention were used to treat illness & disease
    Monks and priests provided custodial care for sick people
    Medications were mainly herbal mixtures
    Average life span was 20-30 years
    Disease Cause still blamed on circumstance, but no understanding
  • 753

    753 BC – AD 410 Ancient Romans

    753 BC – AD 410 Ancient Romans
    First to organize medical care by providing care for injured soldiers
    Later hospitals were religious and charitable institutions in monasteries and convents
    First public health and sanitation systems by building sewers and aqueducts
    Galen established belief that the body was regulated by four body humors; blood, phlegm, black bile, and yellow bile
    Life span was 25-35 years
  • 800

    AD 800 – AD 1400 Middle Ages

    AD 800 – AD 1400 Middle Ages
    Renewed interest in medical practices of Greek and Romans
    Bubonic Plague, 1300s killed 75% of population in Europe and Asia
    Major diseases included smallpox, diphtheria, tuberculosis, typhoid, the plaque, and malaria
    Medical Universities were established in the 9th CenturyArabs began requiring physicians pass examinations and obtain licenses
    Average life span was 20-35 years
  • 1350

    AD 1350 – AD 1650 Renaissance

    AD 1350 – AD 1650 Renaissance
    Body Dissections led to increased understanding of anatomy and physiology
    Invention of printing press allowed medical knowledge to be shared
    First anatomy book was published by Andreas Vesalius (1514-1564)
    Average life span was 30-40 years
    Disease cause STILL a mystery
  • 1501

    16th and 17th Centuries

    16th and 17th Centuries
    Knowledge regarding the human body GREATLY increased
    Invention of the microscope
    Allowed physicians to see disease-causing organisms.
    HUGE advancement
    Apothecaries (early pharmacists) made, prescribed, and sold medications
    Ambroise Pare (1510-1590), a French surgeon, known as the Father of Modern Surgery established use of ligatures to stop bleeding
    Average life span 35-45 years
    Cause of disease still not known – many people died from infections
    Some enlightenment though due to microscope

  • 18th Century

    18th Century
    Gabriel Fahrenheit (1686-1736) created the first mercury thermometer
    Smallpox vaccine discovered 1798
    John Hunter (1728-1793), established scientific surgical procedures and introduced tube feeding
    Benjamin Franklin invented bifocals
    Average life span 40-50 years

  • 19th Century

    19th Century
    Rapid advancements due to discoveries of microorganisms, anesthesia, and vaccinations
    First Open Heart Surgery - 1893
    Infection control developed once microorganisms were associated with disease
    Invention of the stethoscope - 1816
    Formal training for nurses began
    Women became active participants in health care
    Average life span 40-60 years

  • 20th Century

    20th Century
    Increased knowledge about the role of blood in the body
    ABO blood groups discovered
    Found out how white blood cells protect against disease
    The structure of DNA and research in gene therapy (Ongoing)
    Insulin discovered and used to treat diabetes
    New machines developed
    X-Ray
    Kidney Dialysis Machine
    Heart Lung Machine
    Surgical and diagnostic techniques developed to cure once fatal conditions
    First Bone Marrow Transplant - 1956
    Initiated Embryonic Stem Cell Research

  • 20th Century Vaccines

    20th Century Vaccines
    Diptheria – 1921
    Tuberculosis – 1925
    Pertussis – 1927
    Typhus – 1937
    Influenza – 1945
    Oral Polio – 1962
    Measles – 1963
    Mumps – 1967
    Rubella – 1970
    Chicken Pox – 1974
    Streptococcus Pneumonia – 1977
    Meningitis – 1978
    Hepatitis B – 1981
    Hepatitis A – 1992
    Lyme Disease – 1998
    Rotavirus - 1998

  • 21st Century – Top 10

    21st Century – Top 10
    The first totally implantable artificial heart was placed in a patient in Louisville, Ky. In 2001
    Rapid advances in Stem Cell Research
    Advances in HIV Medication
    Turned a “death sentence disease” into a manageable
    Targeted Cancer Therapies
    Interfere with the spread of cancer by blocking cells involved in tumor growth
    Identify and kill the cancer cells
    Laparoscopic Surgery
    Minimal Invasive Surgery
    Face Transplants – 2005
    Vaccines
    HPV - 2006
    Human Papillomavirus Vaccine