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Mar 4, 861
Abraham Lincoln becomes President
Abraham Lincoln becomes President -
The Fugitive Slave Act Passes
The act required that slaves be returned to their owners, even if they were in a free state -
'Uncle Tom's Cabin' Is Published
it was an anti-slavery novel by American author Harriet Beecher Stowe -
Bleeding Kansas' Riots Shock Northerners
Republicans used Bleeding Kansas to gain support among northerners by arguing that the Democrats clearly sided with the pro-slavery forces perpetrating this violence. -
Charles Sumner Attacked by Preston Brooks on the U.S. Senate Floor
representative Preston Brooks, a pro-slavery Democrat from South Carolina, used a walking cane to attack Senator Charles Sumner, -
Dred Scott Loses His Case to Be Free
having lived in a free state and territory did not entitle an enslaved so the was decision argued that, as someone's property, Scott was not a citizen and could not sue in a federal court. -
Kansas Voters Reject the Lecompton Constitution
having the opportunity to reject the constitution altogether in a referendum, overwhelmingly rejected the Lecompton Constitution by a vote of 10,226 to 138. -
John Brown Raids Harper's Ferry
the raid was to initiate a slave revolt in Southern states by taking over the United States arsenal at Harpers Ferry, -
Pony Express
The Pony Express was an American express mail service that used relays of horse-mounted riders. -
Crittenden Compromise
it was an unsuccessful proposal to permanently enshrine slavery in the United States Constitution, -
South Carolina secedes
he first state to secede from the federal Union -
Kansas admitted to the Union as a free state
Kansas is admitted to the Union as free state. It was the 34th state to join the Union. -
Confederate States of America is established
representatives from the six seceded states met to formally establish a unified government, -
The South Creates a Government
At a convention in Montgomery, Alabama, the seven seceding states created the Confederate Constitution -
Morrill tariff
The Morrill Tariff was an increased import tariff -
American Civil War begins at Fort Sumter
It ended with the surrender by the United States Army, beginning the American Civil War -
Ex Parte Merryman, federal court case which objected to Lincoln's suspension of habeas corpus
Lincoln suspended the writ of habeas corpus between Washington, D.C., and Philadelphia to give military authorities the necessary power to silence dissenters and rebels. -
First Battle of Bull Run
it was the first major battle of the American Civil War -
General McDowell Is Replaced
Union officers often were unable to rally their men until they had reached the safety of Washington so President Abraham Lincoln removed McDowell from command of the Army -
Battle of Belmont
t was the first combat test in the American Civil War for Brig. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant -
The Battle of Shiloh
a two-day conflict was at that point the bloodiest battle in American history -
Homestead Act
Act accelerated the settlement of the western territory by granting adult heads of families 160 acres -
Stonewall" Jackson Defeats Union Forces
Jackson defeated Banks and pursued him until the Union Army crossed the Potomac River into Maryland -
The Battle of Seven Pines
two-day battle in the Peninsular Campaign, in which Confederate attacks were repulsed, fought 6 miles -
Pacific Railway Act
offered government incentives to men of talent who are willing to invest in developing the nation's first transcontinental rail line. -
Morrill Land Grant Colleges Act
The Morrill Land-Grant Acts are United States statutes that allowed for the creation of land-grant colleges -
A New Commander of the Union Army
Major-General Henry Halleck was named general-in-chief of the Union army. -
Pope's Campaign
his campaign was to aid McClellan's Peninsula Campaign by drawing troops away from Richmond or at least preventing Jackson from reinforcing General Robert E. Lee and his troops, -
Battle of Antietam
showed that the Union could stand against the Confederate army in the Eastern theater. -
The Battle of Fredericksburg
It featured the first opposed river crossing in American military history as well as the Civil War's first instance of urban combat. -
Lincoln issues Emancipation Proclamation
The proclamation declared "that all persons held as slaves" within the rebellious states "are, and henceforward shall be free. -
Battle of Arkansas Post
Federal combined operation against a Confederate position on the Arkansas river that succeeded but at too high a cost -
National Banking Act of 1863
The act allowed the creation of national banks, set out a plan for establishing a national currency -
The 1863 Conscription Act
conscription law authorizing a national draft. -
The Battle of Chancellorsville
it resulted in a Confederate victory that stopped an attempted flanking movement by Maj. Gen. Joseph -
Battle of Port Gibson
the battle was between Union and Confederate forces during the Vicksburg Campaign of the American Civil War -
Battle of Gettysburg
Robert E. Lee's plan to invade the North and force an immediate end to the war failed -
The Vicksburg Campaign
The Vicksburg campaign was a series of maneuvers and battles in the Western Theater -
New York City draft riots
the anger of working-class New Yorkers over a new federal draft law during the Civil War -
the Battle of Chickamauga
Chickamauga was the largest Confederate victory in the Western theater -
Winter Quarters at Brandy Station
officers spent a great deal of time at camps such as the one in this photograph, taken of officers of the 1st Brigade, Horse Artillery -
The Battle of Spotsylvania
the second major engagement in Lt. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant's Overland Campaign, -
The Battle of Cold Harbor
Lee had prevented Grant from breaking through the Confederate lines to capture Richmond, less than 10 miles away -
National Banking Act of 1864
the Bank Act established the Office of Comptroller of the Currency, and permitted banks to obtain federal charters and issue national bank -
The Siege of Petersburg
Petersburg campaign was a series of battles around Petersburg, Virginia, -
Wade Davis Bill
The Wade-Davis Bill required that 50% of all voters in the Confederate states, as opposed to Lincoln's proposed 10%, -
Nevada becomes a state
Nevada became the 36th state on October 31, 1864, after telegraphing the Constitution of Nevada to the Congress -
Abraham Lincoln Is Re-Elected
Lincoln's victory made him the first president to win re-election since Andrew Jackson -
Sand Creek Massacre
marked a turning point in the relationship between American Indian tribes and the Federal Government -
General William T. Sherman's March to the Sea
The purpose of Sherman's March to the Sea was to frighten Georgia's civilian population into abandoning the Confederate cause. -
Fort Fisher, North Carolina
admiral David D. Porter's squadron of warships had subjected Fort Fisher to a terrific bombardment -
Sherman Marches through North and South Carolina
union General Sherman moved from Georgia through South Carolina, destroying almost everything in his path. -
Freedman's Bureau
An Act to establish a Bureau for the Relief of Freedmen and Refugees -
United States Civil War ends
Robert E. Lee surrendered the last major Confederate arm -
Andrew Johnson becomes President
Andrew Johnson became President of the United States upon the assassination of President Abraham Lincoln -
Fallen Richmond
the fire which raged along the waterfront but fortunately had stopped short of Thomas Jefferson's capitol -
Civil Rights Act of 1866
declared all persons born in the United States to be citizens, without distinction of race or color -
Abraham Lincoln assassinated
served as the 16th president of the United States from 1861 until his assassination -
Cornell University founded under the 1862 Morrill Act
Cornell University's endowment is founded dually on Ezra Cornell's own funds and on Indigenous peoples' dispossession -
The Fall of the Confederacy
The Civil War officially ended on May 13, 1865, and the Confederate States of America ceased to exist -
13th Amendment
it abolished slavery and involuntary servitude, except as punishment for a crime. -
Civil Rights Act of 1866
declared all persons born in the United States to be citizens, without distinction of race or color -
The Calaveras Skull is discovered in California
Purported to be evidence of humans in North America during the Pliocene epoch, it turns out to be a hoax. -
Solomon Foot Dies
Former member of the United States Senate -
Memphis Race Riot
attack by members of the white majority on Black residents of Memphis, Tennessee -
The U.S. Congress approves the minting of a nickel 5-cent coin
Congress authorized the creation of a new American coin: the five-cent piece composed of copper -
Jesse James
a bank and train robber in the American Old Wes -
The Austro-Prussian War
This war was fought between Prussia and Austria, Hanover, Bavaria and Saxony -
The Judicial Circuits Act
reduces the number of United States circuit courts to nine and the number of Supreme Court justices to seven. -
New Orleans Race Riot
Police kill more than 40 black and white Republicans and wound more than 150. -
Ku Klux Klan founded
is an American white supremacist terrorist and hate group -
West Virginia University
West Virginia University is established in Morgantown, West Virginia -
Tenure of Office Act
it stated that a President could not dismiss appointed officials without the consent of Congress. -
The University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign is established
is the second oldest public university in the state -
Reconstruction Acts
a outlined the conditions under which the Southern states would be readmitted to the Union following the American Civil War -
Alaska Purchase from Russia
United States reached an agreement to purchase Alaska from Russia for a price of $7.2 million. -
Nebraska becomes a state
president Andrew Johnson reluctantly signed the proclamation declaring Nebraska's statehood. -
The Grange founded
The Patrons of Husbandry, or the Grange, was founded in 1867 to advance methods of agriculture, as well as to promote the social and economic needs of farmers in the United States. -
Kidder massacre:
A Sioux and Cheyenne war party kills U.S. Second Lieutenant Lyman Kidder, along with an Indian scout and ten enlisted men in Kansas. -
Medicine Lodge Treaty
Medicine Lodge Treaty -
Angola Horror
49 people are killed in a train crash in Angola, New York