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Liberalism
A political ideology based on individuals having equal fundamental rights, including protection from the abuse of the monarch’s power (royalty → King or Queen)` -
Ultramontanism
A political and religious doctrine where the Catholic Church dominates in every way, including political power -
Protestantism
“British” version of christianity -
Imperialism
An ideology that advocates the political, cultural, economic and/or military domination exerted by the Mother Country on the colony -
Responsible Government
In Canada, responsible government, is more commonly described as an executive or Cabinet that is dependent on the support of an elected assembly, rather than on the monarch. Ex 1: The Quebec mercury (conservative) → English, Ex: 2 Le Canadien (Liberal) → French -
Nationalism
A political ideology that identifies a nation as a group of individuals who share common characteristics. Also refers to an individual's sense of belonging to a nation -
Radicalisation
When you believe in an extreme form of the ideology. Ex: Isis members are considered radical Muslims -
Republicanism
Ideology suggesting that people should govern themselves -
Capitalism
Rich merchants/companies opening a business with the goal of making as much profit as possible -
Reformism
want to see the current liberal institutions reformed -
Anticlericalism
The opposite of ultramontanism, they were against the church dominating every day lives. They believed that the clergy had no right to meddle in political life, or censor cultural and intellectual life -
Feminism
Women got the right to vote -
Church conservatism
Promoted traditional way of life and values -
Agriculturalism
Surfaced through the adoption of various measures aimed at modernizing agriculture and encouraging the opening of new regions to colonization (return to the land) -
Cooperalism
In order to raise the capital necessary for rural development, they counted on cooperatism, which would allow for the pooling of savings. Caisses populaires Desjardins for example -
Socialism
Critique of capitalist industrial development, socialists were against the concentration of wealth in the hands of few, no private ownership of business (against capitalism) → No huge gap between rich and poor -
Communism
Wanted the end of the capitalist system and social classes by sharing the means of production (extreme form of socialism) Example: Young Communist League of Canada (1923), devoted themselves to the union movement in defense of workers → No social classes, everyone is equal -
Fascism
Promoted the restoration of a traditional order by authoritarians -
Americanism
American ideas present in Canadian Culture, new habits of consumption, television -
Secularism
Separation of church and state against traditionalism (artists published Refus Global → against traditionalism) -
Conservatism
Ideology that things should remain the same -
Traditionalism
Original roots (french go to catholicism, farming, etc.) This was defended by the Church and state -
Interventionalism
The state took control of education, health, and social services, and also became active in the area of culture -
Nationalisation
When the government takes control. Ex: nationalization of education → Ministry of Education (MEETS, MEL'S, MEQ) Going to school was made free and compulsory up to the age of 15, you still learned about religion and catholic and protestant schools were still separated. Jean lesage started this movement -
Separatism
Québec wanting separation from Canada -
Neoliberalism
Québec wanting separation from Canada -
RIN
The Rally for National Independence (RIN) promoted nationalism founded in 1960, got their ideas from socialism but without eliminating private business -
SAM
Rene Levesque founded the Sovereignty (want to be your own nation) Association (still linked to Canada for certain things) Movement (SAM) (MSA in French) -
RIN + SAM = PQ
SAM & RIN united and formed Parti Québecois (PQ) because they both have the same ideas and they need votes -
PQ elected
Parti Quebecois got elected -
1st referendum
Ask for independance of Québec -
OKA crisis
the Aboriginals are upset that the golf course wants to expand on ancestral land and that started fights -
2nd referendum
Most people rejected separating Québec
