-
Period: 1509 to 1547
Henry VIII Reign
Henry VIII was born in 1491 and was the son of Henry VII first Tudor king.
Henry was 17 when he became king in 1509; he died in 1547. He is known to have married 6 wives. -
1534
1st Act of Supremacy
founding the Anglican church and making Henry VIII the unique and supreme leader of the Church.
The act also required an oath of loyalty from English subjects that recognized his marriage to Anne Boleyn. -
Period: 1534 to
Early modern period
The period following the late middle ages of the post-classical era. -
Period: 1536 to 1537
Pilgrimage of grace
a series of rebellions that broke out in Lincolnshire and East Yorkshire in 1536 and quickly spread to other parts of the north of England. They were sparked off by popular discontent about Henry VIII's religious policies, especially the dissolution of the monasteries. -
Period: 1547 to 1553
Edward VI Reign The young king
He was only 9 when his father died, son of Jane Seymour and Henry VIII.
Edward was fiercely protestant. He introduced the book of common prayer. He died of tuberculosis in 1553 -
1549
Book of common prayer
a temporary compromise between reformers and conservatives a revision of the mass book leading to the publication of the Book Of Common Prayer -
Period: 1553 to 1558
Mary I Reign (aka Bloody Mary)
Daughter of Catherine of Aragon, first queen regnant
she was 37 years old and she restored Catholicism in 18 months And persecuted protestant which explain her nickname -
1558
2nd Act of supremacy under Elizabeth I
the Act of Supremacy of 1558, declared Elizabeth the Supreme Governor of the Church of England, instituted an Oath of Supremacy, requiring anyone taking public or church office to swear allegiance to the monarch as head of the Church and state.
It replaced the original Act of Supremacy of 1534 issued by Elizabeth's father, Henry VIII. Along with the Act of Uniformity 1558, it made up what is generally referred to as the Elizabethan Religious Settlement. -
Period: 1558 to
Elizabeth I Reign
Elizabeth was a sincere protestant because of Anne Boleyn and her father's heritage, Henry VIII. She refused to get married all throughout her reign of 45 years, hence her nickname "The Virgin Queen". Elizabeth I represents a Golden Age for England. During her reign, England became a European power in politics, commerce, etc.. expanding England's influence in the world. -
1559
2nd Act of Supremacy
Abolished the authority of the Pope, restored the authority of the Queen over the church and Queen Elizabeth was made Supreme Governor of the Church. -
1570
The excommunication of Elizabeth I
Pope Pius V excommunicated Elizabeth, declared Queen Elizabeth of England excommunicated from the Roman Catholic Church and deprived her of her sovereignty in England and Ireland. ... To Elizabeth's regime, this sentence made every English Catholic a potential traitor to the kingdom -
The execution of Mary Queen of Scots
She was the daughter of King James V of Scotland and Mary of Guise. She was a threat to Elizabeth, was Elizabeth’s cousin and was Elizabeth’s legitimate heir. Her closeness to France and Spain endangered the English kingdom.To Catholics, she was the legitimate heir to the throne represented hope for many Catholics of a return back to Roman Catholicism. Plotted against the Queen. She was executed in 1587 in Fotheringham Castle, wearing a bright red dress, the colour of Catholic martyrs. -
The Defeat of the Spanish Armada
Philip II, the Catholic King of Spain supported several plots against Elizabeth; In retaliation, and to support the cause of Protestantism, Elizabeth supported the Dutch Revolt against Spain. The King of Spain attempted to invade England and send his Armada. A complete defeat, England was victorious. The victory acted as reaffirmation of the English national cohesion. -
East india company
founded by royal charter, a trading body for English merchants, specifically to participate in the East Indian spice trade. It later added such items as cotton, silk, indigo, saltpeter, tea, and opium to its wares and also participated in the slave trade. -
Gunpowder plot
A conspiracy made by a group of Catholics to blow up the parliament and kill the King James II -
establishment of Jamestown in Virginia
The first permanent settlement The first English colonies were formed in North America -
Period: to
The Starving Time
Period of starvation, only 60 of the 500 colonists survived their death was because of a shortage of drinkable water, insufficient growing of crops, and conflicts with the Native Powhatan tribe -
Period: to
The Thirty Years War
The Thirty Years’ War was a religious conflict. . The war lasted from 1618 to 1648, starting as a battle among the Catholic and Protestant states that formed the Holy Roman Empire. The following country was involved: Germany, France, Denmark, and Sweden opposing the Roman Catholic empire and Catholic Spain. Made a huge strain on the country's finances -
Period: to
Charles I reign
the second son of James VI of Scotland (from 1603 also James I of England) and Anne of Denmark.
He became heir to the throne on the death of his brother, Prince Henry, in 1612. He succeeded, as the second Stuart King of Great Britain, in 1625. He was King until his death by execution. -
The Three Resolutions
Declared that whoever tried to bring in “Popery or Arminianism” or to alter the protestant forms of the Church of England was an enemy of the Kingdom as well as anyone advising the King to collect customs duties without Parliament’s consent -
Period: to
Personal Rule aka Eleven years of tyranny
11 years during which the King ruled without summoning the parliament -
Period: to
The Scottish Crisis
the introduction of the New Prayer Book in 1637
(Book of Common Prayer) set Scotland aflame
Scotland was Presbyterian and the changes were deemed unacceptable. The riot soon turn into a widespread rebellion known as the Bishop Wars -
Period: to
Commonwealth
England and Wales, along with Ireland and Scotland, were governed as a republic after the end of the Second English Civil War and the trial and execution of Charles I (regicide). -
Execution of Charles I
After his defeat by Parliament in the Civil Wars, Charles I was imprisoned. On 20 January 1649 the High Court of Justice at Westminster Hall put him on trial for treason. 59 signatures were collected for his death warrant. -
Period: to
Interregnum
the period between the execution of Charles I on 30 January 1649 and the arrival of his son Charles II in London on 29 May 1660 which marked the start of the Restoration. -
The Instrument of Government
England’s first and only written constitution.
The document that established the English Protectorate and under which Great Britain was governed from December 1653 to May 1657 -
Period: to
Cromwellian Protectorate
The Protectorate was the period during the Commonwealth (or, to monarchists, the Interregnum) during which England and Wales, Scotland, Ireland, and the English overseas possessions were governed by a Lord Protector as a republic. The Protectorate began in 1653 when the dissolution of the Rump Parliament and then Barebone's Parliament allowed Oliver Cromwell to be appointed Lord Protector of the Commonwealth. -
Period: to
Charles II reign
After the execution of his father, Charles II lived in exile until he was crowned King of England, Ireland, and Scotland in 1661. His reign marked the Restoration period -
The Restoration
The restoration of the monarchy after the Declaration of Breda was made by Charles II. lasted until 1671. -
The act of uniformity
all ministers had to swear to conform to the Book of Common Prayer. And the restoration of bishops to the House of Lords and to their place in the Church -
Outbreak of Plague
followed by the great fire of London in 1666, was part of a series of domestic disasters under Charles II. -
Period: to
The Exclusion crisis
Parliament attempted to debar James II from the succession to the English throne, in response Charles dissolved the parliament -
Period: to
James II reign
James II and VII was King of England and King of Ireland as James II, and King of Scotland as James VII. -
Glorious revolution
involved the overthrowing of the Catholic King James II, who was replaced by his Protestant daughter Mary II and her Dutch husband, William III. Motives for the revolution were complex and included both political and religious concerns. The event ultimately changed how England was governed, giving Parliament more power over the monarchy. No blood was shed hence the nickname "Glorious Revolution" -
Period: to
Mary II and William III Reign
William III was the son of William II, Prince of Orange. Mary II was the daughter of James II and Anne Hyde. They were joint rulers and they introduced the constitutional monarchy. -
The Bill of Rights
Made after the Glorious Revolution. Lists King James’ misdeeds; Fixed limitations on the sovereign’s powers; Set out the rights of Parliament; Set out basic civil rights; A key political text. -
Act of Settlment
Settled the order of succession and ensured a Protestant succession, ignoring dozens of Catholic heirs
Successor: Hanoverian descendants of James I
Key role in the formation of the Kingdom
of Great Britain -
Period: to
Queen Anne's Reign
Anglican religious views.
She died without surviving issue and was the last monarch of the House of Stuart. Died in 1714. Under her reign, she made the first act of union and expanded England. -
1st Act of Union
Declared that united England and Scotland will form Great Britain -
Period: to
George I Reign
George was born on 28 May 1660 in the city of Hanover in the Holy Roman Empire. He was the eldest son of Ernest Augustus, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, and his wife, Sophia of the Palatinate. Sophia was the granddaughter of King James I of England through her mother, Elizabeth Stuart, Queen of Bohemia. -
Period: to
Gerogian era
George I, George II, George III, George IV (+ William IV) reigns -
Gin Craze
A rising in alcoholism -
Period: to
Seven Years War
Britain gained Florida over the Spanish and (most of) Canada over the French -
Declaration of Independance
Britain lose their colonies in USA -
Treaty of Paris
Britain recognized the independence of the USA -
Irish Rebellion
an uprising against British rule in Ireland, Influenced by the ideas of the American and
French revolutions -
Act of Union with Ireland
legislative agreement uniting Great Britain (England and Scotland) and Ireland under the name of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.