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Enlightenment
European politics, philosophy, science and communications were radically reoriented during the course of the “long 18th century” (1685-1815) as part of a movement referred to by its participants as the Age of Reason, or simply the Enlightenment. -
French and Indian War
The seven years' war lasted from 1756-1763 forming a chapter in the imperial struggle between Britain and France called the second hundred years war. Early 1750's France expansion into the Ohio river brought it into conflict with the claims of British colonies. In 1754 the French built Fort Duquesne where the Allrgneny and Mononqahela rivers joined. French won many times defeating George Washington. The french and Indian war ended with the signing of the treaty of Paris in Feb. 1763. -
Stamp Act of 1765
Those who passed in 1764, was enacted to raise money for Britain. Stamp Act was the first internal tax levied directly on american colonists by the British parliament, It came at the time when the British empire was deep in debt from the seven years' war (1756-63) parliament passed the stamp act on march 22, 1765 and repealed it in 1766. The long rivalry between France and Britain for control of north america. Leaving Britain in tremendous debt. After taking over Canada. -
The Townshend Act of 176
The Townshend duties went into effect on November 20, 1767, close on the heels of the Declaratory Act of 1766, which stated that British Parliament had the same authority to tax the American colonies as they did in Great Britain -
The Boston Massacre
The Sons of Liberty, a Patriot group formed in 1765 to oppose the Stamp Act, advertised the “Boston Massacre” as a battle for American liberty and just cause for the removal of British troops from Boston. Patriot Paul Revere made a provocative engraving of the incident, depicting the British soldiers lining up like an organized army to suppress an idealized representation of the colonist uprising. -
Sons of Liberty
The political protest by the Sons of Liberty famously known as the Boston Tea Party, took place on December 16, 1773 in Boston, Massachusetts. -
Boston Tea Party
The Boston Tea Party was a political protest that occurred on December 16, 1773, at Griffin's Wharf in Boston, Massachusetts. American colonists, frustrated and angry at Britain for imposing “taxation without representation,” dumped 342 chests of tea, imported by the British East India Company into the harbor. -
Intolerable Acts
In U.S. colonial history, four punitive measures enacted by British parliament in retaliation for acts of colonial defiance , together with Quebec Act establishma a new administration for the territory coded to Britain after the french Indian war (1754-1763). it was the focus of four Coercive Acts passed by Parliament in 1774 to reassert its authority in America. The Boston Port Bill closed Boston Harbor until restitution was made for the tea destroyed in the Boston Tea Party (1773). -
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First Continental Congress
Delegates from each of the 13 colonies except for Georgia (which was fighting a Native American uprising and was dependent on the British for military supplies) met in Philadelphia as the First Continental Congress to organize colonial resistance to Parliament's Coercive Acts. -
Battle of Lexington and Concord
The Battles of Lexington and Concord, fought on April 19, 1775, kicked off the American Revolutionary War (1775-83). Tensions had been building for many years between residents of the 13 American colonies and the British authorities, particularly in Massachusetts -
Olive Branch Petition sent to England
The Olive Branch Petition was a final attempt by the colonists to avoid going to war with Britain during the American Revolution.
It was a document in which the colonists pledged their loyalty to the crown and asserted their rights as British citizens. The Olive Branch Petition was adopted by Congress on July 5, 1775. -
Battle of Yorktown
Washington realized that it was time to act. He ordered Marquis de Lafayette and american army of 5,000 troops to block Cornwallis' escape from Yorktown. Sept. 28 Washington had completed encircled Cornwallis, After three weeks of non-stop bombardment,from artillery. Cornwallis surrendered to Washington in the field of Yorktown on Oct. 17, 1781, ending the war of independence. peace negotiations began in 1782. Sept 3,1783 united states as a independent nation. After eight years of war. -
Treaty of Paris Signed
July 4,1776 a year after the first volleys of the war were fired. Oct,1781 British General Charles Cornwallis surrendered to american at Yorktown. Sept.1782, Benjamin Franklin along with John Adams began official peace negotiations with the British. Nov. 30,1782,United States and Britain signed the preliminary articles of the treaty. France signed its own preliminary peace agreement with Britain on Jan.20,1783,then in Sept. the final treaty was signed by all three nations and Spain. -
The Great Compromise
The Great Compromise was forged in a heated dispute during the 1787 Constitutional Convention: States with larger populations wanted congressional representation based on population, while smaller states demanded equal representation. -
Bill of Rights adopted
On Sept. 25, 1789 congress transmitted to the state legislatures twelve proposed amendments to the constitution. Three through twelve were adopted by the united states happened on Dec. 15, 1791. James Madison had the idea of the bill of rights, The U.S. bill of rights was influenced by George Mason 1776, the 1689 English bill of rights the age Enlightenment pertaining to natural rights.
