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Period: 1501 to
Ancien Régime
Social, economic and political system, during which society was divided into 3 classes. -
Jhohn Locke
A precursor of enlightened ideas, he criticized absolutism and maintained that the State was the result of an agreement between the governed and the rulers, and that it could be broken if it was not governed fairly. -
Louis XIV of France
Absolute monarch, he concentrated all powers based on the idea of the divine origin of the monarchy. -
Montesquieu
To avoid the abuse of power, he defended for the first time the division of the three powers of state. -
Voltaire
He harshly criticized fanaticism and intolerance, defended freedom of expression and a strong monarchy in which freedoms were highlighted. -
Spanish succession war
Fight for the Spanish throne after the death of Charles II, which resulted in the Bourbon dynasty in Spain. -
Enlightenment
Was a cultural and philosophical movement that questions the foundations of the Ancien Régime -
Jean-Jaques Rousseau
He defended the freedom and equality of people. He considered that society corrupted human beings, good by nature. He maintained that sovereignty resides in the people and they reach an agreement to allow a higher power to govern on their behalf. -
Treaty of Utrecht
Distribution of territories after the War of Spanish Succession. -
Encyclopedia
Published by Diderot and D'Alembert in Paris, its objective was to systematize the enormous knowledge that circulated in 18th century Europe, following an alphabetical order. -
Period: to
Industrial revolution and imperialism
Industrial revolution: economic transformation based on machinery, industry and transportation, beginning in England at the end of the 18th century. -
Period: to
Liberal revolutions.
Conquest of individual and collective rights. -
American revolution
The 13 colonies of North America became independent from Great Britain, creating the United States and establishing the first modern republic based on Enlightenment ideas. -
James Watt improves the steam engine
Crucial for endustrialization -
Napoleón Bonaparte
Associated with the empire, it was key to consolidating and spreading liberal ideas after a French revolution. -
Louis Philip I
King of France after the revolution of 1830, representing a constitutional monarchy -
Opening of the first railway
Stockton-Darlington -
United States Constitution
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French Revolution
Moment that overthrew the absolute monarchy of France, established the republic and spread ideas of freedom, equality and fraternity, inspiring political changes around the world. -
Toma de la Bastilla
It marks the beginning of the French Revolution and the end of the Ancien Régime. -
French Constitution
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Revolutions of 1820
Beginning of the revolutionary cycle in Europe; The uprisings in Spain stand out (restoration of the constitution of Cadiz) -
Revolutions of 1830
Overthrow of Charles X in France, a constitutional monarchy is established with Louis Philippe I -
Founding of the Factory Worker´s Society, promoting organiced industrial labor
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Revolutions of 1848
They sought democracy and social rights throughout Europe -
Bessemer Process
Revolutioning cheap and efficient steel production.