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1464 BCE
Kingdom of Songhai
Centered in the middle and reaches the Niger River. -
1390 BCE
Kingdom of Kongo
A major source of slaves for Portuguese traders and other European countries. -
1235 BCE
Kingdom of Mali
Empire was founded by Sundiata Keita -
1055 BCE
Kingdom of Ghana
Also known as Wagadou, an important trading center, and cultural crossroads from 400 to 1100 C.E. -
1492
Voyages of Christopher Columbus
He completed a total of 4 voyages. -
1492
First voyage of Christopher Columbus
King Ferdinand initially intended for Columbus to find an all-water route to Asia but instead, he stumbled upon America. -
1494
Treaty of Tordesillas
Spain and Portugal settled over lands newly discovered by Columbus. -
1521
Cortes conquered the Aztecs
A Spanish conqueror that was best remembered for conquering the Aztec Empire in 1521 claiming Mexico for Spain. -
English settlement of Roanoke
An attempt to establish the first English settlement. -
Establishment of Jamestown
This was the first permanent English settlement in the United States of America. -
Pilgrims land in Plymouth
The Mayflower arrived in Plymouth Harbor in 1620, it was the land in which settlers first set foot. -
Maryland granted to Lord Baltimore
English statesman who projected the founding of the North American province of Maryland. -
Navigation Acts
A series of laws passed by the English Parliament to regulate shipping and maritime commerce. -
King Philip's War
The cause of the war was the colonists' desire for more land. -
Bacon's Rebellion
It rid the government of corruption and expanded the territory into Indian land which were immediate consequences of the rebellion. -
Queen Anne's War
Second of a series of wars fought between Great Britain and France in North America for control of the continent -
The Great Awakening
A series of Christian revivals that swept Britain and its Thirteen Colonies. -
7 Years' War
Also known as the French and Indian War, began in 1756 when the fighting between French and colonists merged into a European conflict involving France, Austria, and Russia against Prussia and Britain -
Sugar Act
Reduced the previous tax on molasses. -
Stamp Act
An act of the British Parliament in 1765 that exacted revenue from the American colonies by imposing a stamp duty on newspapers and legal and commercial documents -
Tea Act
The principal objective was to reduce the massive amount of tea held by the financially troubled British East India Company in its London warehouses -
Intolerable Acts
The laws were meant to punish the Massachusetts colonists for their defiance in the Tea Party protest in reaction to changes in taxation by the British -
Declaration of Independence
It served to show the world that the 13 colonies obtained their independence from Great Britain. -
The Battle of Saratoga
The turning point in the Revolutionary War. -
Whiskey Rebellion
Uprising of farmers in western Pennsylvania in protest of a whiskey tax enacted by the federal government. -
Ratification of the Articles of Confederation
The ratification of the articles was delayed a few times due to several reasons such as the claims to western lands held by the states. -
The Battle of Yorktown
On October 19, 1781 the British surrendered thus ending the American Revolutionary War. -
Shay's Rebellion
August 31, 1786- June 1787
Farmers who fought in the Revolutionary War wanted more compensation which led to an uprising. -
The Northwest Ordinance
Also known as Ordinances, these procedures were intended to establish ordered and equal procedures for settlements in the Northwest Territory. -
The US Constitution (the year it was ratified)
June 21, 1788 The Constitution became the official transcript of the United States when New Hampshire ratified it. -
Alien and Sedation Acts
A series of four laws which limited freedom of speech and freedom of the press to foreigners. -
Louisiana Purchase
The largest land purchase made in the United States. It doubled the size of the country. -
Embargo Act
December 22, 1807, Prohibited American ships from trading in all foreign ports. -
War of 1812
June 18, 1812 - February 18, 1815
A war fought between the United States and Great Britain. -
The Battle of Horseshoe Bend
Fought during the War of 1812 in the Mississippi Territory, -
Missouri Compromise
The legislation that provided for the admission of Maine to the United States as a free state along with Missouri as a slave state. -
Mexican Independence
The Mexican War of Independence was an armed conflict, lasting over a decade, which had several distinct phases and took place in different regions of the Spanish colony of New Spain. -
Texas declares independece
It was issued during a revolution against the Mexican government. -
Mexican-American War
The main cause of the war was the westward expansion of the United States. -
Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo
The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, signed on February 2, 1848, ended the Mexican-American War in favor of the United States. -
The Compromise of 1850
It put off the secession of the South for a little while. -
The Nebraska-Kansas Act
It allowed people in the territories of Kansas and Nebraska to decide for themselves whether or not to allow slavery within their borders. -
The Dred Scott Decision
A decision that having lived in a free state and territory did not entitle a slave freedom. -
The Secession of South Carolina
First slave state in the South to declare separation from the United States. -
The Civil War
A war fought in the United States from 1861 to 1865, between the North and the South. -
The Battle of Bull Run
The first major battle of the American Civil War and was a Confederate victory. -
The Battle of Antietam
Over 23,000 men fell as casualties in the one-day Battle of Antietam, making it the bloodiest day in American history. -
The Emancipation Proclamation
The Emancipation Proclamation granted freedom to the slaves in the Confederate States if the States did not return to the Union by January 1, 1863 -
The Battle of Gettysberg
The battle involved the largest number of casualties of the entire war and is often described as the war's turning point. -
Lincoln's Assasination
He was assassinated in a theatre.