The life of Henry V of England (1387 – 1422)

Henry was born

1387

Henry, was born to Henry Bolingbroke, Earl of Northampton, son of John of Gaunt and Mary de Bohun at Monmouth Castle.

Henry was taken into Richard II’s court

May 20, 1398

Henry was taken into Richard II’s court after Henry’s father was exiled after quarrelling with the Duke of Norfolk.

Henry inherited the titles Duke of Lancaster, Earl of Leicester and Earl of Lincoln.

Feb 3, 1399

Henry’s grandfather, John of Gaunt, died and Henry inherited the titles Duke of Lancaster, Earl of Leicester and Earl of Lincoln. However, Henry had been exiled by King Richard and Richard seized John of Gaunt’s lands for himself.

Prince of Wales, Duke of Cornwall, Earl of Chester and Prince of Aquitaine

Oct 15, 1399

Henry, was created Prince of Wales, Duke of Cornwall, Earl of Chester and Prince of Aquitaine.

Administration of Wales

Oct 15, 1400

Administration of Wales was transferred to Henry, Prince of Wales.

Battle of Shrewsbury

Jul 21, 1403

Battle of Shrewsbury
Prince Henry took part in this battle which saw Henry Percy’s army defeated. Although he was hit in the face with an arrow it was successfully removed. The injury left a scar on his face. Percy was captured and executed but Henry allowed Percy’s father to live.

siege

Oct 15, 1407

Henry lay siege to a number of Welsh rebels at Aberystwyth.

Aberystwyth

Sep 12, 1408

Henry led an army and took Aberystwyth.

Chancellor of England

Jan 20, 1409

Henry became Chancellor of England. His father Henry IV was becoming increasingly unwell. Henry, took Harlech Castle in Wales.

Henry removed from the Royal Council.

Nov 30, 1411

Following a disagreement with his son, Henry IV removed his son, Henry, from the Royal Council.

Henry became King

Mar 20, 1413

Henry became King when his father died.

King of England

Apr 9, 1413

Henry was crowned King of England at Westminster Abbey. After the death of his father King Henry IV.

invasion of France

1414

Henry genuinely believed that he had an inherited claim to the French throne. In order to allow himself to pursue his claim he set virtually impossible demands for extending the peace and began to prepare for an invasion of France.

Henry faced an uprising and captured Harfleur

1415

Henry faced an uprising by Richard of York and Henry, Lord Scrope, determined to put Richard II’s heir, Edmund Mortimer, on the throne. Henry was warned of the uprising in good time and easily supressed it. Henry captured Harfleur

Battle of Agincourt

Oct 25, 1415

Battle of Agincourt
Henry’s march to Calais was intercepted by a French army led by Constable D’Albret. Although the English army was outnumbered, Henry used the defensive tactics used by Edward III at the Battle of Crecy and succeeded in routing the French. There were heavy French losses and around 1,000 French prisoners were taken

Treaty of Canterbury and Battle of the Seine

1416

Treaty of Canterbury
Henry returned to England and formed an alliance with the German Emperor, Sigismund.
Battle of the Seine
Henry’s naval force broke the French blockade of Harfleur and saved Harfleur from recapture by the French.

Henry returned to France

1417

Having rebuilt his army, Henry returned to France determined to take the French throne.

Victory

1418

Henry took Falaise and Caen.

War

1419

Henry took Rouen, the capital of Normandy.
The Burgundians allied with the English. Scotland sent reinforcements to aid their allies, the French.

Henry married Catherine

1420

Henry married Catherine, daughter of Charles VI of France.

Queen at Westminster Abbey

1421

Henry and Catherine returned to England and Catherine was crowned Queen at Westminster Abbey.

A Son

1421

Henry returned to France. King Henry V and Catherine of Valois at Windsor Castle, gave birth to a son and called him Henry.

Henry died

Aug 31, 1422

Henry died from dysentery at the Castle of Bois-de-Vincennes, France. He was succeeded by his infant son, Henry.