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Works of Helen Longino
Helen Longino is a Professor of Philosophy. Her fields of study are philosophy of science, social epistemology, and feminist philosophy . She is an author of many works such as “Science As Social Knowledge (Princeton University Press, 1990), The Fate of Knowledge (Princeton University Press, 2001) and Studying Human Behavior, a study of the relationship between logical, epistemological, and social aspects of behavioral research (University of Chicago Press, 2013) “. -
Feminist Social Epistemology
Helen Longino advocates that more woman, as well as people of different races and social class, belong in the field of study. She says this diversity is necessary and allows for different perspectives to be introduced and studied. https://youtu.be/VVWD6EOuG-I?si=5ydWRxVudPKvwBqu -
Theory of Contextual Empiricism
Helen Longino's theory of contextual empiricism argues that linking evidence and a hypothesis come from an individuals biases and context about a situation. This means that people have different biases and knowledge which will could lead to different hypothesis being produced. In her paper, “Science as Social Knowledge”, she writes about an example of diagnosing someone with measles using different methods. -
Social Criticism
Helen Longino argues that public scrutiny is imperative in order for a theory to develop. She writes that four “norms' need to be present, “publicly recognized forums for criticism, uptake of criticism, public standards, and tempered equality of intellectual authority”. This scrutiny will allow for the necessary biases and ideas will come to light to help the theory.