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Period: 499 BCE to 449 BCE
The Persian Wars
The Persian War was multiply battles with Persia trying to conquer Greece for its empire. The Persians tried 3 times to conquer Greece but failed each time. there were Three major battles. The first was the battle of Marathon, in which the Greeks won using the Phalanx formation. the second was the battle of Thermopylae, where Spartans held off the Persians in a mountain pass but later loss the battle. The third battle was the battle of Salamis, a naval battle where the Greeks won the war. -
Period: 479 BCE to 431 BCE
Golden Age of Athens
The golden age of Athens was after the Persian war when Athens became very rich from the Delian League and had a golden age of culture. A man named Pericles was the leader of Athens at the time and had interests in increased democracy, having a stronger navy, and making Athens more beautiful. An increase of art and theater shows began as well with the golden age, with art having more of a meaningful role in life and theater to entertain and tell stories. -
Period: 431 BCE to 404 BCE
Peloponnese War
The Peloponnese War was caused by Athens having to much power from the Delian League. City states like Sparta left the league to make the Peloponnese league. Then Sparta declared war against Athens on the year 431 BCE. Athens loss the war on the year 404 BCE because of a plague that spread through the city, killing 1/3 of the population. After the war, both Cites were very weak from the battles they had fought which lead to the take over of Greece. -
338 BCE
The Conquering of Greece by Macedonia
After the Peloponnese War, the city-states of Athens and Sparta were both very weak. This made it very easy for Phillip the Second, the king of Macedonia, to invade and conquer Greece for the empire he was making. He then took over other places like Egypt, Persia, and India. Later Phillip the Second died and his son, Alexander the great, took his place as king and his empire.
