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Period: 1200 BCE to 331 BCE
greek civilization
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Period: 800 BCE to 500
Formation of greece city states
The Athenians helped a group split off from Persia to create their own city. Persia grew extremely annoyed, and as punishment, they waged wars with the new settlement, Athens. They wanted that land and they were going to get it one way or another. Meanwhile, the Athenians had made a government system of their own, called democracy, and this was under jeopardy as the Persians prepared for an all out war with Athens and Greece. -
Period: 500 BCE to 300 BCE
Golden age of Athens
After the Persian wars, Athens became very wealthy, and boomed with economic success, trade, culture, and expansion of city-states. Along came theater, and a new more advanced form of democracy. They built up a stronger army including their navy, and took over other areas. Sculptures and Philosophy was apart of Greece's culture, as well as other artwork, and beautiful architecture such as the Parthenon. This is the time period that formed ancient Greece into what we think of today. -
Period: 499 BCE to 449 BCE
Persian Wars
As a result of Greece's revolution, the Persian empire grew jealous and wanted to invade and take over Athens. Over 3 attempts, the Battle of Marathon, the battle of Thermopylae, and the battle of Salamis, the Greeks come out as winners. The battle of Marathon was the first attempt where the Persians attacked by land. The second was another land attempt, between a mountain valley. The Spartans eventually fell due to being outnumbered. Lastly was the battle of Salamis, which greece won. -
478 BCE
Creation of the Delian League
With all the wealth gained by the Persian Wars, Athens created the delian league. They used the Money to expand their empire, build temples, homes, and other buildings, as well as rebuilding and expanding to other areas, They thought they had unlimited wealth and they had no clue what to do with it. So they became overconfident and started to take over anyone without paying reparation for damage. This was a turning point in the Golden age of Athens, because Sparta became alienated with Athens. -
Period: 431 BCE to 404 BCE
Peloponnesian wars
Athens was becoming too power hungry, taking over places whenever and wherever they pleased. Sparta saw how strong Athens grew and how their Navy was growing too, so they created the Peloponnesian league in order to counter the Delian leagues overwhelming control. The two powers went to war, and Pericles told Athenian citizens to retreat to inside the city walls, where the Plague ravaged the population, which was a factor in the Spartan victory over Athens. -
Period: 430 BCE to 426 BCE
The plague of Athens
During the 2nd year of the Peloponnesian wars, Athens suffered from a deadly typhoid plague. The disease was said to spread to Athens from Egypt and throughout the city states, causing horrible symptoms such as intense heat, flu-like symptoms, diarrhea, etc. Because so many people died, they had no way of giving everyone a funeral, so bodies were either burnt or discarded. The enclosure made the disease easily communicable, which also killed Pericles, the King of Athens. -
399 BCE
The trials of Socrates
Controversy surrounding the famous Socrates actions and beliefs lead to rumors. Although Athens had and a democracy, Socrates was put on trial, and the death penalty became a possibility. The philosopher was accused of bringing the plague to Athens, and became a public target. The exact cause of Socrates’s death is not known, but it could have been his own doing. This trial shows change in the Greece government and democracy. This trial changed the ideals of many Athenians. -
Period: 331 BCE to 323 BCE
Alexanders the Greats conquering
After the Peloponnesian league and the delian league had both suffered great losses, Alexander the Great of Macedonia saw a great, once in a lifetime opportunity to take greece for himself and his people. The Spartans and Athenians had no real say in the matter, and greece was easily overtook by the young general. He then expanded the greece army to persia, asia, india, and egypt, where the city Alexandria was built, the centre of knowledge of the Eastern world, and Alexander himself.