Chronos

Greece Timeline

By JonathanHsin
  • Period: 1066 BCE to 509 BCE

    Athens government development

    After the last king in 1066 BC, Athens evolved into aristocracy, then into oligarchy. After monarchy and oligarchy is the tyrants. Two famous tyrants are Draco and Solon , first is Draco, who made harsh laws, which explains Draconian means harsh. After Draco is Solon, who fixed Draco’s laws. After tyranny was direct democracy, where people vote directly, and once a year a group were chosen to create laws. It is also during this time that Homer wrote epic poems which leading to Greek mythology.
  • 725 BCE

    Sparta conquers Messenia

    725 BCE, the Sparta's food shortage led to taking over their neighbor Messenia. They took them as slaves or 'helots' and forced them to farm. In this time, the everyday of men is based on war. They left home at age 7 to the barracks. During this, the government system is oligarchy, two kings and a council to advise the kings. The social structure of that time included helots, women, men (who became soldiers), the king and his advisers.
  • 490 BCE

    Battle of Marathon

    After three failed attempts of conquering Greece and having their colonies rebel against them with Athenians help, Darius vowed to defeat the Athenians and started the Persian War. During the battle of Marathon of the Persian wars, the Greeks won by using the phalanx formation. The phalanx formation is when foot soldiers fight side by side with spear and shield. Afterwards, Pheidippides ran 26 miles to inform the Athenians of the victory. Which explains the name of the race.
  • 480 BCE

    Battle of Thermopylae

    In another battle, the battle of Thermopylae, the Greeks joined together to stop the Persian from taking Athens, with the help of a Greek traitor and ended up with 300 Spartans holding the Thermopylae mountain pass for three days but still lost. Then there’s the battle of Salamis, a sea battle in which the Persian lost badly after the Greeks sank ⅓ of the Persian fleet with their far more superior naval forces. The lost of the battle of Salamis lead to the Greeks winning the whole Persian War.
  • Period: 461 BCE to 429 BCE

    Athenian Golden Age

    After the Persian Wars, the Athenians entered a golden age where they were more powerful than ever. To protect the Greeks from any more Persian attacks, they created the Delian League which helped provide common defences. During this time many arts developed, including architecture, theatre, philosophy and science of many sorts. During the Golden Age, the Athenians made many beautiful architecture, including the Parthenon, all portraying harmony, order, balance, symmetry and proportion.
  • Period: 431 BCE to 405 BCE

    Peloponnesian War

    After the Persian War, the two major empires was the Athenian and Spartan. Both of which hated the other, which lead to the Peloponnesian War. During this time, both side had a winning strategy. The Athenians plans to stay behind the city walls and the Spartans surrounded them. Not long after the war, a plague killed one third of the whole population of Athens, including Pericles. After 25 more years, it finally ended when the Athenian fleet was destroyed and they surrendered.
  • Period: 336 BCE to 323 BCE

    Alexander the Great

    After his father and former king, Philip II, died Alexander the Great took over at only age 20 at invaded the Persian Empire two years later. Then, without a single defeat, he took over the Greek, Asia Minor, Syria, and Egypt. Then the next eight years the macedonian soldiers traveled 11,000 miles founded 70 cities, as well as taking over the “entire known world in the Mediterraneans region”. But sadly Alexander died at age 33 from Malaria and his kingdom was divided among his generals.
  • Period: 323 BCE to 3 BCE

    Hellenistic Age

    After the death of Alexander the Great, the Hellenistic age began. During this period, Greek science and mathematics developed to become much more advance. Some famous people during this time includes Archimedes who’s famous for his spheres and inventions, Pythagoras whose ideas led to geometry, and Euclid, one of the most important mathematician of this time. During this time the dominant language of Greece is Greek.