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1500
Trade with Siberia
The expansion into Siberia had lasting impact on the world because of the positive economic benefit of Russia. For example the Russians with the Siberians froragers and reindeer hunters provided fur the Russian needed. The Russians would eventually take over Siberia. Trade was good for them economically due to the new resources. This shows how the trade with Siberia had lasting impact on the Russian and the economy because were valuable and hadn't been discovered before. -Leah -
1500
Japanese Civil Wars
In the late 1500s, civil wars broke out that between different daimyo and because of that, Japan was split from within. This affected Japan into the future as it was difficult to reunify them. -Kamila -
1500
Dependence on Janissaries
Janissaries were slaves that were part of the Ottoman military. They were trained and educated to become good fighters, this led the government to depend on Janissaries for military support. This was an important point because the government was overly dependent on them, that it caused a social imbalance and decreased funds that were spent for them to fight. This made the Janissaries lose their position in society. (Ottoman Empire) -
1500
Rebellions against Yangban
Peasant and bandit uprisings caused rebellions against the yangban class because they were taking over control. This was an important turning point because it led to the yangban class being stopped because they were affecting the lower class. The yangban were then given less power to prevent any more rebellions. (Choson Korea) -
Period: 1500 to
Global Interactions
Key to colors used:
Green: Politics
Blue: Social Life
Red: Economy
Purple: Religion
Orange: Art Tokugawa- Kamila
Choson Korea- Juliana
Ottoman Empire- Abi
Ming to Qing China- Grace
Russia- Leah
Safavid Empire and Mughal Empire- All worked on -
1501
Shah Ismail becomes Shah of Persia
Shah Ismail becomes Shah of Persia, marking the beginning of Ismail’s rule of the Safavid Empire.-abi -
1502
Ottomans fight first rounds in war
The Ottomans fought the first rounds of a war with venice (lasting 2 centuries). Venice was the most powerful of Italy’s commercial city-states proving the Ottomans political stability.-abi -
1502
Safavid empire founded by Ismail I
Safavid empire founded by Ismail I, who declared Iran a Shi’ite state, this shows that the role of religion affected the empire. Although Ismail’s reasoning for the conversion aren’t known, the goal was to create a deep chasm between Iran and its Sunni Muslim neighbors.-Abi -
1509
The Safavids Conquer Iraq
The Safavids were able to take control over Iraq, with the help their leader Ismail Shah. This was an important turning point because it began a series of battles between the Ottoman and Safavid empires. Both empires would often have conflicts because the Ottoman didn't want the Shia Islam to spread, but the Safavids did want it to continue expanding. (Safavid Empire and Ottoman Empire) -
1514
Battle of Chaldiran
Selim I defeats Ismail I of the Safavids while East Anatolia was under Ottoman control(1st time) which was a win for the Ottoman Empire over the Safavid empire, causing political empowerment for the Ottoman empire.-Abi -
1517
Battle of Ridaniya
Selim I defeats Tuman bay II of Mamluk Sultanate of Egypt while Egypt still under Ottoman rule, showing the Ottomans political strength-Abi -
1520
Peak of Ottoman Empire
Through great organization, strong military strategies and a strong army the Ottoman Empire was able to be sustained. The ultimate growth in the Ottoman Empire made for trade and conflict between European and Islamic powers, creating lasting impacts on the Middle East, Asia and Europe.-Abi -
1520
Reign of Suleiman the Magnificent
Suleiman begins his reign, leading to Suleiman’s political and economic successes that significantly expanded the Ottoman Empire , which help enlarge its presence as a world power.-Abi -
1526
The Battle of Panipat
The Battle of Panipat marks the beginning of the Mughal Empire. Being one of the earliest battles to involve gunpowder, firearms, and field artillery, proves the Mughal empire had advancements in technology. But, Babur was prevented from stabilizing his empires rule because of the ongoing wars of aggression.-Abi -
1526
Periodic battles in Safavid Empire
Periodic battles broke out showing the evident struggles within the empire politically, more specifically when Tahmasp’s reign began.-Abi -
1529
First Ottoman Siege of Vienna
Suleiman the Magnificent led siege to Vienna, showing Suleiman’s political capabilities, by giving insight on the importance of his reign during the period when the imperial system worked to perfection.-abi -
1534
Suleiman I leads the Iraqs campaign
Suleiman I leads the Two Iraqs campaign against the Safavids, taking over Baghdad, showing the political conflict between the Ottoman Empire and the Safavid Empire, as the Ottoman led the Two Iraq campaign against them, ultimately leading to the Ottoman empire taking over a large city state-Abi -
1540
Sher Shah Suri drives Humayun out of India
Sher Shah Suri (leader of the rival Sur dynasty),drives Humayun out of India and seizes power. Humayun takes refuge with the Safavid rulers in Persia, which serves to create a strong bond with the two dynasties, showing the social relations made between the empires.-Abi -
1543
Japanese Contact with the Portuguese
The Portuguese were the first Europeans to come in contact with Japan. This was an important point because it marked the start of many interactions between Europeans and Japan. It also intermixed Japanese and European culture. (Tokugawa Japan) -
1548
Qazvin Became A Capital
Qazvin became the capital of the Safavid Empire, due to its location. This was an important event because Qazvin became a major cultural center that provided safety for the Safavids, but also allowed trade between them and other regions. (Safavid Empire) -
1550
Rulers of the Muscoy
The Rulers of Muscoy based in Moscow was a turning point because it created the empire that crossed into North America and Eurasia. This was turning point because the Empire stretched across such a vast region. This shows how the politics of Russia was effective because of how much Russia took over.-Leah -
1550
Conversion of Siberians
The people of Russia wanted to convert the people of Siberia to Christianity. This was a turning point because it spread Christian Christianity then ever before having a lasting impact on the world-Leah -
1555
Peace of Amasya
Peace of Amasya (signed with the Safavid Empire). As Eastern Anatolia, western Georgia, and western Kurdistan fall in Ottoman hands,the latter also gained control over most of Mesopotamia, while Eastern Armenia, Eastern Georgia, Dagestan, and Shirvan remain under Safavid rule. The political peace treaty shows the political agreement between these two empires.-Abi -
1556
Earthquake in Shanxi
This earthquake is said to have been the deadliest in history with about 800,000 lives lost which was around 30% of the population in Xi'an. -
1556
Peak of Mughal Empire
At its peak, the Mughal empire extended over nearly all of the Indian subcontinent and parts of Afghanistan, causing Mughal India to become the world's largest economic and manufacturing power and is considered India's last golden age.-Abi -
1557
Macau Trading Port
The Portuguese and the Ming agreed to a treaty to make the trading port in Macau legally of the Portuguese. Soon, the Ming dynasty became dependent on foreign trade and merchants were doing well. -
1557
Tribute System to Maritime Trade
China had replaced the tribute system that it had with maritime trade. China began exporting silk and they allowed Europeans in the empire. This caused expansion and exchange of cultures. -
1569
Akbar has a Muslim and Hindu son
By making sure that his son was both muslim and hindu, Akbar (ruler of the Mughal empire) attempted to unite the cultures or at least draw peace in the future which is somewhat successful. Altogether decreasing the tension between the two religions after his birth.-Abi -
1571
Kingdom of Sweden
This led to the Russian not being able to expand into the Sweden and Baltic Sea this hindered Russian power. Russia could have been much more powerful. This shows how the Kingdom was a turning point -Leah -
1571
Ottoman Naval Defeat at Lepanto
The Battle of Lepanto was a naval engagement/warfare,when a fleet of the Holy League, led by the Venetian Republic and the Spanish Empire, inflicted a major defeat on the fleet of the Ottoman Empire in the Gulf of Patras.-Abi -
1582
Expansion into Siberia
The expansion into Siberia was good for Russians politically and had a lasting impact on the world because of how Russia used the Siberian colony as a place for political prisoners.The expansion and eventual take over of the Siberians was good politically because now the Russians had dominance over a new area. This also had lasting impact because now Russia had much more power than before.-Leah -
First Catholic Mission
Matteo Ricci started the first Catholic Missonary in China and helped to spread the new religion throughout the country. -
Reign of Shah Abbas the Great
Shah Abbas' reign is seen as the peak of the Safavid Empire because he lead the people in the right direction and helped increase population and land, also an empire that was dominant for over 200 years.-Abi -
Japanese invasions
The Japanese invasions into Korea have affected relations between them and formal relations didn't resume until 1617, although there is still tension between the two countries today. Kamila -
The Imjin War
The Japanese, under the control of Hideyoshi Toyotomi, sent out forces to Korea, in an attempt to give Japan more power and to dominate over East Asia. This event left a lasting effect on Korea because it weakened the country and its central government, for many years to follow. Korea had a major decrease in population and it suffered of damage to both their land and economy. They also lost many talented artisans and technicians, taken by Japan. (Tokugawa Japan and Choson Korea) -
Loss of silver
China lost 26 million ounces of silver when they helped Korea defeat two Japanese campaignes -
Japanese Products
Products from Japan improved after the invasions of Korea. The Japanese were skilled in creating steel making, pottery, lacquer, and porcelain. Their excellent products helped bring in more customers and helped the economy to grow, which gave their economy the foundation it needed to be as strong as it is today. -Kamila -
Japanese Halt Invasions
The Chinese negotiated peace with the Japanese to stop the invasions. The peace only lasted 4 years, when Japan invaded Korea again, but still, it was attempt at peace that would soon come. -
Japanese Invasions Resumed
Even though peace had been negotiated just 4 years prior, the Japanese restarted the invasions. This brought more devastations to Korea and China, making it difficult to reestablish good relationships later on. -
End of Japanese Invasions
Japan's military finally withdrew from Korea in 1598 by order of Hideyoshi Toyotomi. This had a lasting effect for both Japan and Korea as their fighting ended. Even though, Japan and Korea had yet to make complete peace with each other, it was a start towards being where they are today. -Kamila -
Isfahan Became Iran's Capital
Shah Abbas I turned Isfahan into the royal capital of Iran, due to its fertile land and bodies of water that had potential to make Iran successful. This left a lasting effect because Isfahan became a major trading center that increased the amount of commerce throughout the Safavid dynasty. The commerce that continued to increase in Isfahan, attracted many merchants from other regions and made it a successful religious center in the early Islamic world. (Safavid Dynasty) -
Trade with Muslim Neighbors
Trade with muslim neighbors was good for the Muslim religion and a turning point cause the Russian empire then became more diverse and spread the Muslim religion witch was good for the Muslim religion. This was also a turning point because it exposed the Russian to the Muslim religion.-Leah -
Lack of access to Ports
The lack of access to ports was a turning point because if Russia was not lad locked it could have led to better economic and social benefits. For example if Russia had not been land locked the Russians could have been even more powerful and interacted with more cultures.-Leah -
Manufacturing in Japan Grew
Manufacturing grew as a result of Japan's skills and helped the economy of Japan to grow. Japan continues to benefit from their large industries that have been growing since the early 1600s. -Kamila -
Japanese Isolation
In the early 1600s, Japan attempted to isolate itself from the rest of the world by prohibiting foreigners to enter Japan and Japanese from going abroad. They did this to preserve traditional culture by minimizing exposure to Christianity as well as other threats. -
End of the Muscovite Rulers
The end of the Muscovite rulers led to political turmoil such as polish forces eventually ruling Moscow. The led to the political decline because not even the Russians ruled Russia. This was also a turning point because it led to the decline of the Russian empire witch changed the course of history forever. -Leah -
Tokugawa Shogunate
The establishment of the Tokugawa Shogunate was significant because it was the start of a new era in Japan, and changed how Japan's government and military were run, with influences up to today. -Kamila -
Edo
Edo was established as Japan's new capital, and while it is now named Tokyo, remains as Japan's capital, so it is still important today. -Kamila -
End of Anatolian revolts
The Ottoman Dynasty was landed in Anatolia and it was a small and insignificant state at that time. The Ottoman beylik evolved into the Ottoman Empire over the next 200 years, expanding throughout the Balkans, Anatolia. This fueled rebellions in Anatolia against the Ottoman Empire in the 16th and 17th centuries, but the Sultan lost a great amount of power after the revolts and the Ottoman Empire began to lose its power.-Abi -
Japan & Korea's Formal Relations
After the invasions ended, Japan and Korea established formal relations between the two countries. This was the first time they officially established some peace after the Japanese Invasions and helped them to progress to more peace in the future. -
Dutchman Shipwreck in Korea
A Dutchman sailor shipwrecked in Korea and was taken in by the Koreans because of his experience in warfare knowledge. This became an important turning point because the Dutchman went on to write a book on Choson Korea that gave other foreigners interest in the country. It opened up many people to enter Korea and interact with the people through trade. (Choson Korea) -
The 1st Manchu Invasion of Korea
The Manchu tribe was looking to take control over Ming China, but they first invaded Korea to protect themselves from any attacks. This was an important turning point because Choson Korea was attacked and was no longer under the control of Ming China. In the process, Ming China was weakened, which led to the control of the Manchu, who established the Qing dynasty. (Choson Korea, Ming to Qing China) -
Shah Abbas's Death
After Shah Abbas's death, trade declined, so later shahs were not able to afford to pay their armies. To regain more money the government tried to take money from nomads. This was an important point because it caused the government to become weak and Afghans were able to invade Isfahan and rule after the end of the Safavid Empire. (Safavid Empire) -
Rebellion
The Little Ice Age cause famine and distress which lead to uprisings and the formation of gangs. Soon they became unstoppable even to imperial power and riots became common. -
The 2nd Manchu Invasion of Korea
Although, the Manchu were already in power of China, many Koreans still held an alliance to Ming China and refused to unite with the Qing Empire. This was an important event because the Manchu showed their superiority in war and defeated Korea. This way they were able to get obedience from Koreans, using fear to force them to pay tributes and be in support of Qing China, and cut any ties with the Ming Empire. (Choson Korea and Qing China) -
Japan's Christian Persecution
Japan completely banned Christianity and blocked missionaries as the main dominant religion was Confucianism. The ban on Christian combined with Confucianism's popularity made it easier to unify Japan -
Ottoman Period of Power Begins
The Ottoman Empire ruled over Iraq's Sunni population and gave them little power, but they were able to intake more knowledge from the new environment and economy. This was an important turning point because it gave the Sunni more control, after being released by the Ottoman Empire. Later on, the Sunni were able to gain political power, through the use of new opportunities they found, while they had been conquered by the Ottomans. (Ottoman Empire) -
Ottoman Control over Baghdad
The Ottomans and Safavids would often battle for control over Baghdad; after going back and forth, eventually the Safavids were banished from contact with Baghdad. This became an important turning event because this meant that the Ottomans gained more territory and were able to claim Baghdad as their own. The Ottomans were more successful and were able to wear off any attacks from the Safavids. (Ottoman Empire and Safavid Empire) -
Monetary crisis
The Japanese began to isolate itself and limited foreign trade which was a cause of the monetary crisis in China and the value of silver went up. This affected farmers and damages court revenues -
Epidemic
A great epidemic spread, and in one area in China, 90% of the population died. It's unknown exactly how many died. -
Last Ming Emperor
The last Ming emperor committed suicide and in that same year the Qing dynasty was formed after the Manchu people took over. -
The Little Ice Age
The Little Ice Age cause temperatures in China and across the world to drop. The lowest temperatures in China happened in 1645 and the cold lasted until the 1700s. This caused famine and agricultural distress which lead to population loss and steady deterioration of the king dynasty. -
Kangxi
The emperor Kangxi caused the Qing empire to experience a period of prosper with military, economic, and cultural achievements. -
The Battle of Vienna
The Battle of Vienna hurt the Ottoman Empire because it was a huge failure and led to large losses of troops for the Ottomans.-abi -
Peter the Great travels to Europe
This is a turning point because of how it influenced buildings and Peter wanted the buildings like the French. This was a turning point because the Russians were influenced by the fFrench with effected buildings for many years to come -Leah -
Long period of warfare
Long period of warfare caused many peasants to go to the Siberian and the Cossacks. This is a turning point because before hand than there was not long period of war peasents did not flee- Leah -
Education of Children in Russian Society
-The education of Children in Russian society was a turning point because of how children may of may not been educated in Russia but now most were- Leah -
Peter the Great and the Orthodox Church
Peter the Great took control of the Orthodox Church This was turning point because influenced Russia for the years to come as it still influences Russia today and was not under Russian control befre-Leah -
Decline of the Samurai
The strong position of the samurai deteriorated as the views of Japan's society changed. The decline of the samurai had an impact because it showed how Japan's views were shifting to a more civil society, much like the one it is today. -Kamila -
Full Unification of Japan
Japan reached full unification in the early 1700s after being torn apart by the civil wars. Their unification has lasted to today as Japan has stayed one country. -Kamila -
Edo: Largest city in the world
Edo became the largest city in the world in the late seventeenth century, with a population of nearly a million people. Because of Edo's success back in the 1700s, Tokyo has stayed the largest city in the world to date with a population of around 38 million people. -Kamila -
Population vs. Economy in Japan
Since the 1700s, the economy has outgrown population in Japan. While their population grew large, their rate of economic growth was greater. This affected how well the lands were developed in central Japan. -
Japanese Merchant Families
Merchant families grew their wealth in the 1600s and by the 1700s, they held enough power to be the key to industrial development and future modernization and thus helped to grow the economy. -
Peter the Great came to Power
Peter the Great came to power was a turning point because it created a lasting effect on the world and Russia because of how Peter the Great was responsible for the Expansion of Russia witch would have an effect on different cultures.-Leah -
Great Northern War
This led to the Baltic Sea being able to being acess because of how this led to Russia becoming more powerful than before. Therefore it is turning point-Leah -
Peter the Great and Autocracy
Peter the great was an autocracy because of how he held absolute power. This was turning even because if Peter the great did not hold absolute power the world would be different because before Siberia was not conquered but was after Peter the great -Leah -
The Rise of Yangban
As the Yangban class expanded, they began a male oriented inheritance system. This was an important turning point because it gave women less opportunities in society. It increased gender discrimination and dropped women down in social status. (Choson Korea) -
"Forty-Seven Ronin"
The "Forty-Seven Ronin" incident sparked a political debate in Japan as the customs of the samurai were questioned as Japan's society's views changed. The incident was the first major event that showcased how Japan's society was evolving to what it currently is. -Kamila -
St Peterburg
This was the Window to west this was a turning point because of how it wasn't the capital before and then it was. It also made Russia more powerful there fore it was a turning point. -Leah -
Construction of Russian Navy
The construction of the Russian Navy led to campaign of the Black Sea. This was a turning point because without access to the black sea Russia would not become as powerful-Leah -
Decree of 1716
The decree of 1716 was a turning point because before the leader of Russia didn't have supreme authority this was a turning point because of how much power Russia imposed on its people where this hasn't happened before-Leah -
The beginning of the Tulip Period
The Tulip Period was a period where European style, fashion and culture became popular in the Ottoman Empire. This is significant as it shows the impact European culture had on areas in the Middle East and West Asia. These changes had a lasting affect and it the effect of Europe cultures in these areas can still be seen today. And the period gets its name from court society's passion for tulips, which were especially prized as a cultivar and artistic motif.-Abi -
Afghan invaders topple last Safavid shah-Safavid Empire
Due to the inflation of cheap silver, trade through Safavid territory declined, leading to shahs not being able to pay their army. Because of the weak government and little support from nomadic groups, it was fairly simple for Afghan invaders to capture Isfahan and put a significant end to Safavid rule.-Abi -
New Independent States
Many officials, like Nizam al-Mulk, gave up on a central government because Mughal and Iranian power were both decreasing. Soon, they started creating their own independent states, which had an important effect on the Mughal Empire. Once these officials started branching off and separated from the Mughal Empire, it began to become weaker, which allowed Afghans to establish an independent kingdom that took control over the Mughals. (Mughal Empire) -
The Printing Press
The Ottoman Empire's use of the printing press did not occur until centuries after they had already known about it. This was due to opposition from religious people and scribes. This was an important turning point because before the introduction of the printing press, the Ottoman empire fell behind in technological advancements compared to other regions. Once the printing press was introduced, the empire was able to develop and had more advanced innovations. (Ottoman Empire) -
Qianlong
The emperor Qianlong of the Qing dynasty led China into a period of prosperity. -
Iranians under Nadir Shah sack Dehli- Mughal Empire
Nadir Shah (warlord who seized power in Iran), invaded the Mughal capital and went back to Iran with the "peacock throne", a priceless jewel-encrusted symbol of Mughal grandeur. This is significant as this was a huge culturally destructive event to the Mughal empire.-Abi -
The British Enter India
Joseph François Dupleix took presidency of the French Pondicherry and captured an english trading center of Madras and became a broker. His entry to India allowed more Europeans to enter the country. This became an important event because it opened a way for the British to set foot in India and gave them a chance to exploit their resources. (Mughal Empire) -
Trade Agreements
Muslim merchants that would trade with Europeans, would charge them smaller percentages of duties and fees compared to other regions. These were trade agreements, known as capitulations, that gave Europeans more power. This was an important turning point because Europeans gained domination over trade throughout the Ottoman Empire.This also gave way for the empire to expand to more European territory, and allowed it to take control over large amounts of land. (Ottoman Empire) -
Development of Art in Japan
By the late seventeenth century into the 1800s, a vivid culture emerged in the Japanese countryside. Theater, woodblock prints, restaurants, and silk fabrics developed. This had the impact of an improvement of their art. -
Persecution of Catholicism
The Korean government was not in favor of the Catholic faith, therefore it was banned, and led to killing of people who secretly practiced it. This was an important turning point because it stopped the church from developing much further in Korea. Many people lost interest in Catholicism because the persecutions didn't allow them to have the freedom to choose the religion. Korea was forced to make changes because the government didn't like the Catholic faith. (Choson Korea) -
Foreign Threat to Japan
Off the Japanese coasts, Russian and British ships were spotted, and people soon realized how decentralized and weak Japan was to resist a foreign invasion. This changed how other places perceived Japan, so they took advantage of it by trying to open Japan as a place to dock their ships. -Kamila -
The Macartney Mission
China was successfully able to stop the Macartney Mission, which would suppressed the power they had built. This is an important turning point because they were able to gain a lot of success through rejecting this mission, which distracted them from problems that were arriving. More success in China, led to large amounts of population and damaged land, that decreased Qing China's resources. Eventually, this led to the downfall of the Qing dynasty. (Qing China) -
Black Sea Campaign
The Black Sea campaign was good for economics of Russia because now there was a more direct place to trade. This was also a turning point because the Russians never had trade with the Baltic Sea.-Leah -
Catherine the Great
The expansion of into Eurasia and North America and Catherine the Great was very important and a turning point because this expansion led to a change in cultures as well with wouldn't be the same-Leah
