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Boss Tweed
An American politician most notable for being the "boss" of Tammany Hall, the Democratic Party political machine that played a major role in the politics of 19th century New York City and State. -
Captains Of Industry
Some 19th-century industrialists who were called "captains of industry" overlap with those called "robber barons". These include people such as J. P. Morgan, Andrew Carnegie, Andrew W. Mellon, Henry Ford, and John D. Rockefeller. The term was coined by Thomas Carlyle in his 1843 book, Past and Present. -
Immigration
As American wages grew much higher than those in Europe, especially for skilled workers, the period saw an influx of millions of European immigrants. -
Political Machines
The rapid growth of American cities in the 19th century, a result of both immigration and migration from rural areas, created huge problems for city governments, which were often poorly structured and unable to provide services. In those conditions, political machines—such as Tammany Hall, run by boss William Magear Tweed in New York City.
