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Treaty of VersaillesThe Treaty of Verasilles left the people angered and ashamed. IT also effectively ended the monarchy of the Kaiser. According to this cartoon in a magazine (published June 3, 1919,) the country was already condemned despite their choice to accept or decline the Treaty of Versailles.
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One element of the Weimar Constitution was the Reichstag- the lower house of the German parliament. The Reichstag comprised mebers of multiple parties, causing a weak government (as there were many different ideas) and also allowed Hitler and his National Socialist Party (Nazis) to gain significant power.
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This program was writeen by the Nazi party. It refused to accept the Treaty of Versailles, and called for a reunification of all German people. Equal rights would only be given to German citizens.
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In 1923, Hitler bagan amassing batallions of paramilitary thugs eager to serve the Nazi cause bby harassing and beating the party's opponents=Communists, Socialists, Democrats and Jews.
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Beer Hall Putsch The Beer Hall Putsch was Hitler's failed attempt at a coup. He ended up in jail, where he pondered and wrote Mein Kampf.
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German government created a new form of currency , the Rentenmark, which began a slow process of stabilization.
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The Dawes Plan established that Germany would make annual paymentsto the Allies, but these payments would depend on German prosperity. This also helped to stabilize German economy.
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Although Hitler ran the Nazi party from his prison, he still faced the challenge of rebuilding a party desperate for strong leadership.
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Mein Kampf was Hitler's basic idea of what his government would be. It was a rambling and hate filled book that eventually became the Nazi party handbook. He declared he wanted a purified Germany from the "evils" of capitalism, socialism and Jews. Mein Kampf stated his desires to for restoring historic glory and strength of te "Aryan nation."
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American stock market crashed, causing the Germany's delicate economy to collapse as well. This led to political instability. When moderate parties didn't help the economy, the people turned to more extremist parties to help them out of the depression, leading to the rise of the Nazi party.
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The Nazis enjoyed their first great sucess at the polls, gaining 107 seats in the Reichstag. This led to an intense propoganda campagn, headed by Dr. Joseph Goebbels.
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Bruning was fired in response to intensified appeals by conservative politicians. Each chancellor after Bruning failed to form a stable government, making the powerful Nazi party seem like the only viable option.
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Hindenburg remained steadfast in his resistance to Hitler. He said he would never put "the government of Germany in the hands of such a man."
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Hindeburg's lack of support for Hitler cause a drop in the number of seats held by the Nazis in the Reichstag. However, The Nazis still remained ths strongest party in the Reichstag.
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Hitler's victory speech
Hindenburg was convinced by right wing official Franz von Papen and other conservative party advisors that he had no other options, and the president appointed Hitler chancellor of Germany.
