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The Congress of Vienna was a conference of ambassadors of European states. The leaders were conservatives with little use for republicanism or revolution.
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Napoleon crossed the Neman River in an attempt to engage and defeat the Russian army. The official political aim of the campaign was to liberate Poland from the threat of Russia.
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Otto von Bismarck, was a conservative Prussian statesman who dominated German and European affairs from the 1860s until 1890. Full name: Otto Eduard Leopold
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The battlefield is located in Belgium, about 15 kilometres south of Brussels, and about 2 kilometres from the town of Waterloo. A French army under the command of Napoleon was defeated by the armies of the Seventh Coalition.
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become famous for their steel production and for their manufacture of ammunition and armaments, and infamous for their brutal use of slave labor during World War II.
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The Zollverein or German Customs Union was a coalition of German states formed to manage tariffs and economic policies within their territories. Organised by the 1833 Zollverein treaties.
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was the first freely elected parliament for all of Germany. After long and controversial debates, the assembly produced the so-called Frankfurt Constitution.
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Also referred to as the "romanticist on the throne", he is best remembered for the many buildings he had constructed in Berlin and Potsdam, as well as for the completion of the Gothic Cologne cathedral. In politics, he was a conservative, and in 1849 he rejected the title of German Emperor offered to him by the Frankfurt parliament, considering that it was not in the parliament's gift.
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He would like to go into the budget for 1862, though without making a prejudicial statement. An abuse of constitutional rights could be undertaken by any side; this would then lead to a reaction from the other side.
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Between the German Confederation under the leadership of the Austrian Empire and its German allies on one side and the Kingdom of Prussia with its German allies and Italy on the other, that resulted in Prussian dominance over the German states.
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The major result of the war was a shift in power among the German states away from Austrian and towards Prussian hegemony, and impetus towards the unification of all of the northern German states in a Kleindeutschland that excluded Austria.
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On 16 April it accepted the constitution, which was essentially written by Otto von Bismarck, the Prussian minister-president and first Bundeskanzler (the sole minister) of the confederation. North German liberals had their influence within it.
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The actual dispatch was an internal message from the Prussian King's vacationing site to Otto von Bismarck in Berlin, reporting demands made by the French ambassador; it was Bismarck's released statement to the press that became known as Ems Dispatch.
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war in which a coalition of German states led by Prussia defeated France. The war marked the end of French hegemony in continental Europe and resulted in the creation of a unified Germany.
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The formal unification of Germany into a politically and administratively integrated nation state officially occurred on 18 January 1871 at the Versailles Palace's Hall of Mirrors in France.
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Bismarck, also known as the "Iron Chancellor", was the founder and first chancellor of the German Empire, and through his diplomatic skills, he managed to maintain the peace in Europe for a generation.
