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Jan 1, 1000
Woodland
Lasted from 1,000 B.C. to 1,000 A.D. Tools: pottery, bows and arrows. Food: they began to experiment with growing food, sunflowers, squash, beans, corn. Social: began to form tribes, live in areas for long periods, began to focus on religon, began to form villages. Used monds for burial and religious purpose. -
Period: Jan 1, 1000 to
Archaic
Lasted from 8000 B.C. to 1000 B.C. Depended on fish, gathering nuts, berries for food. The hunters created thinner more pointer spearheads to kill small animals( deer, turkey, bear). Tools: crudely fashioned spearheads and stone and stone axes, these where used to hunt small animals and grow some crops. They traded bowls to people in other regions for tools and utensils. -
Period: Jan 1, 1200 to Jan 1, 1300
Paleo
Exsited 12000 years ago. Tools: large spearheads, clovis. They hunted large animals. Examples: sabertooth tiger, bison, mammoth, ground soth, wild horses, moose, elk. Nomadic they moved from place to place never staying. -
Mar 1, 1540
Hernando de Soto
He went on an expedition to find gold. He travels or explores through Georgia and other southeastern states. Hernando de Soto failed in finding gold and while doing that he captured and killed thousands of natives. He dies while trying to find gold on his journey. -
James Ogethrope founded Georgia
Ogelthorpe proposed a colony to the unfortunate or poor. He named the new colony Georgia after or in honor of King George the second. On January 24,1733 before the Anne had arrived the second ship had began the voyage to Georgia. A carpenter on the voyage was joined by his 2 sons. Ogelthorpe founded it as a refuge and a new beginning. -
Charter of 1732
"Papists"(Catholics), blacks, liquor dealers, and lawyers could not come to the new colony. Trustees were to get instructions from King George the second and could pass no laws uless the King agreed. Trustees worked around some of the rules by not having a governor, and by using regulations, or government orders, instead of laws. The charter granted an area of "all those lands, countries, and territories." Wanted the colonists to settle their differences. -
Salzburgers arrive in Georgia
The Salzburgers arrived in from Austria for religious reasons.
They were being persecuted by the Catholics in Europe. James Ogelthorpe provided the with land and they named it Ebenezer. They moved because the land was not good, and named their new land New Ebenezer. -
Highland Scots arrive in Georgia
James Ogelthorpe choosed a group of men that where Highland Warriors and Soldiers.They choose them because they needed them to protect them from the spanish. They put the men in place of and old fort where they put cannons. Flordia was in Spanish control and wanted to defeat them. -
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John Reynolds
The first royal governor and former naval captain. Established a sturcture for gove.,courts, council, and commons house. He was bossy and he valued his authority. John Reynolds angered the legislature. Members were dissatisfied with Reynolds. He was recalled back to England. -
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Henry Ellis
The second royal governor of Georgia and was called "Georgia's Second founder." Under his leadership the colonists learned how to govern themselves. He allwowed slaves for the colonists to have. He was forced to leave Georgiga because of his poor health. -
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James Wright
The third royal governor of Georgia's colony. He played a key role in the American Revolution. Georgians hated Wright for what doing that. Rebels arrested him and tool him back to England. He came back to the colonies, he finally left for good in 1782. -
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American Revolution
There were four reasons for the American Revolution.The Declaration of Independence was made after the Revolution. The French and Indian War lead the British to be in debt after the war and the British could not tax the colonists.The Intolerable Acts they were called this because they were harsh punishments. The Proclamation of 1763 was issued by King George the third and he said that the proclamation line was to be between the Appl. Mounts. or followed along it. -
Elijah Clarke and the Battle of Kettle Creek
Eijah lead his army in the Battle of Kettle Creek. This was during the American Revoluiton. They beat 8,000 British Troops in battle. They faught in Wilkes county. He got a county named after him which is Clarke county. -
Austin Dabney
He was the firat non-white(black) man to be in the battle at kettle creek. He is to be believed the only black soldier in the battle. Auatin was injured in battle and a white solider took him home. He recieved land for his help in the battle. -
Articles of Con. ratifited by all 13 states
It was in an agreement with all13 states and made the United States of America. The formal ratification of all 13 states was completed in 1781. When it was not ratified the Articles provided domestic and international legislature. The constution provided a much stronger national government. -
University of Georgia Founded
It was incorporated by an act the general assembly made on January 27, 1785. Georgia became the first state with a charter state-supported university. On February 13, 1786 in Augusta, Abraham Baldwin was elected president and drafted the charter. -
Constitutional Convention of 1787
It took place from May 25 to Sep. 17 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. To address the problem in or how to govern the U.S.A. operates the Articals of Con. to independence in Great Britian. The result was the U.S. Gov. placing it's
Convetion among the events in history. -
Georgia Ratifies U.S. Constitution
William Few and Abraham Baldwin signed the constitution in 1788. They signed the final document. The 55 delegates produced a new system of governing after 4 months. They came up with 3 seperate branches of government. They made the Bill of Rights so smaller states won't fear the bigger states. -
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Fugitive Slave Laws
It was passed in 1793 by United States congress. Returned in 1850 because of the slaves that escaped from one state to another state. 1793: This one was responding to slave owners need to protect their property rights. This meant that they could pursue runaway slaves in any state and ensure that slave owners properties where fine. -
Invention of the cotton gin
Eli Whitney was the inventor of the cotton gin. It's a machine that automatically seperates the cotton seed from the cottton fiber. It has helped farmers over the years. The cotton gin has been a helpful invention since it was made. -
Yazoo Land Fraud
This happened because of georgia's growth for land reached it's peak in 1795. Land east of the Oconee River belonged to the indians which was given to settlers. Each male was counted for or as "head" of his house and had "rights." A large part was removed and it became the land lottery. -
Missouri Compromise
The purpose of the compromise was to ensure a balance between free and slave states. The north supported because it limited the number of slave states. The south supported because it prohibited slavery in their part if their state. It prohibited slavery in Louisiana and north except with boundaries in Missouri. It took place during the presidency of James Monroe. -
Indian Removal Act
President Jackson signed the act on May 28,1830. It removed all indians from U.S. lands to lands west of the Mississippi River. The removal was forced not voluntary. This resulted in the Trail of Tears. -
Worcester vs. Georgia
It was a supreme court case of Samuel Worcester vs. the State of Georgia. The law of Georgia stated that missionaries could only live in Cherokee land if they signed an allegiance to the governor. Worcester and 10 others refused to sign and were jailed and sentenced to 4 years of hard labor. He filed a suit with the supreme court. John Marshall rules that the state of Georgia doesn't have the power to arrest them and the law is void. President refuses to enforce the decision. -
Rebecca L. Felton
She was an american white supremacist and lots of other things. The most prominent woman to serve in the untied states senate. She ran her husbands campaigns for him. She died in january 24, 1930. -
Trail of tears
The term is used for the force removal of the Cherokee. general scott used (7,000) ferderal troops for the rempval to round up the indians. Many cherokees died while on the trail from diesease, starvation and exposure to the cold. The cherokee term is called the trail where they cried "trail of tears." -
Kansas - Nebraska Act
Created for opening new lands. Effect of repealing the Missouri Compromise. It was signed by Dem. Senator Stephen A. Douglas. The purpose for it to open up many thousands of new farms and make feasible a midwestern transcontinental railroad. Douglas hoped popular sovereignty would easy tensions over human bondage would decrease. -
Election of 1860
It was the 19th quadrennial presidental election. Held on a Tuesday, November 6,1860. An immediate impetus on the outbreak of the american civil war. These issues vroke northen and southern democratic parties and a constitutional union party appeared. With Abraham Lincoln in office there was no support from the south. -
Georgia Secedes
Georgia seceded on january 19,1861. During war georgia sent almost 10,000 soldiers into battle mostly to Virginia.Switched from cotton to food products. The state's 1,400 miles of railroad tracks provided use early in the war. -
Union Blockade
The Union wanted to blockade confederate ports. Every item's prive got higher. There were less medical supplies, rail lines inoperable, amd manurfacturing facilites not functionable. There were blockade runners operated by the british. -
Antietam
Near sharpburg, Maryland is a stream called Antietam creek. North and south armies collided there on september 17, 1862. It was the bloodiest one day battle of the civil war. The union won the battle. -
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Gettysburg
In gettysburg, Maryland was a turning point in the war. It was fought July 1-3, 1863 and result was the union won ened Robert E. Lee's 2nd invasion. It was the bloodiest battle in the war. The confederates hoped the they would have won. -
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Chickamauga
Union forces moved against major confederate railroad center across georgia line. General William Rosecrans fought against General Braxton Bragg 7 miles south of chickamauga. Bragg defeated the union forces and went back th tennessee. Ulysses Grant recaptured Chattanooga. -
Andersonville
It was a confederate prison in southwest georgia. Provided relief from the large number of union prisoners in and around richmond virginia. The camp held the largest prison population at this time in war. The conditions in andersonville prison was horendous that most of the prisoners died from diseases in the camp. There was a deadline and if they passed that deadline they were to be shot. the prisoners only had a small stream to get water out of and it was contaminated by this time. -
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Sherman's march to the sea
Sherman's army moved quickly through Georgia heading for savannah. They burned everything that was in their way. The move took over 2 months and left a large area totally destroyed. He gave savannah as a present to President Lincoln. -
13th amendment
This amendment worked on the emancipation proclaimation. It finally abolished slavery for good. The amendment was ratified in December of 1865. Black codes where designed to restrict rights to freedmen. -
14th amendment
It granted citizenship to the freedmen and forbade any state to deny equal protection. Passed in June of 1866 and ratified in July of 1868. -
15th amendment
Granted all male citizens the right to vote regardless of color or race. It was submitted to the states in February 1869 and in february 1870. -
Dred Scott Case
He was a slave taken by his slave owner from a slave state. They returned to Missouri and he filed a lawsuit claiming he was free. Abolitionists in the north raised enough money to take it to U.S. Superme court. March 1875 the superme court ruled he could not sue because he was a slave. They also said congress has no right to stop slavery. Scott decided to further divde north and south. -
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Jim Crow laws
The laws were a racial segregation law enacted bewteen 1876 and 1965. The people mantaained racial segregation in public facilities. A former confederate started the term "seperate but equal" for the status of the african americans. Patterns of segregation in houses were enforced by convects and different people. Examples of segregation are public schools, public places, restrooms, restaurants, and drinking fountains. The jim crow laws in the 1800-1866 followed what they called the black codes. -
Mayor Hartsfield
He was an american politician who served as 49th and 51st mayor of atlanta. Hartsfeild developed atlantas airport with buford dam. The Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International airport was named in honor of hartsfield and jackson. -
Dahlonega gold rush
It happened on July 22,1892. Benjamin Parks founded gold while hunting a deer. Over 10,000 miners moved onto Cherokee land. The Cherokee lost their homes, land and legal rights because of this goold rush. Whites could hurt the Cherokee without a punishment. They couldn't speak out against whites. -
Plessy vs Ferguson
The decision made was a landmark U.S. Superme Court decision. It was a 7 to 1 vote with a majority opinion wriiten by Henry Billings Brown. Seperate but equal term still remained in U.S. law until repudiation in 1954 decision of Brown vs Board of Ed. -
1906 Atlanta Riot
The riot was a mass civil disturbance. It started in the evening of september 22 and ended on september 24. 25 to 40 african americans and 2 european americans were killed. The main cause was between the rising tensions of blacks and whites. -
Mayor Ivan Allen
He was a businessman who served 2 terms as the 52nd mayor mayor of atlanta. Provided pivotal leadership transforming segregated and economcially stagnant old south into new south.
he took over his dads company. In 1961 he authored a white paper and it was adopted by the atlanta chamber of commerce. -
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World War 1
Wolrd war 1 is also known as the first world war. It was simpily called the great war until the approach of world war 2 came. It is called the european war in america. More than 9 million combats or soldiers died in WW1. Was one of the deadlist battles in history. -
Leo Frank Case
He was tried for the murder of mary phagan. Spent a couple of years in prison for it. He knew he wasnt going to win the jurys vote for him to be innocent. Because jim conleys laywers dressed him nice and told him what to say. Later after a year or so leo frank was kidnapped and hung by the kkk. -
County Unit System
This system was used for voting by U.S. state of georgia to determine a victor nationwide. It has informally been used since 1898 and formally enacted by Neill Primary Act of 1917. In the most of the time this system was in effect the democratic party was the single dominant party in the states politcies. -
Black Tuesday
Another phrase(s) for black tuesday is "wall street crash of 1929" or "stock market crash of 1929." It was the most devasting stock market crash in history. The crash signalled the beggining of a 10 year great depression. It would affected all the western countries. -
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Great Depression
This was a worldwide national depression procceding WW2. The depression was the longest, deepest, and most widespread in the 20th century. It is commonly used as an example in the 21st century. The great depression started in the united states because the stockmarket crashed. -
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Roosevelt's New Deal
It is a series of domestic programs enacted in the united states. Both of the laws were passed by congress and presidential executive orders during the first term. The programs were a response to the great depression. It focused on the 3r's: relief, recovery, and reform. Relief for the poor and recovery for the economy and reform for the financial system. -
Holocaust
Spring of 1945 allied troops moved into poland, austria, and germany. Nothing perpared them for what they found. Concentration camps that were set up by the Nazi. It was named the holocaust because of the systematic extermination of 6 million jews. -
FDR Elected
He was an american statesman and political leader. He served as the 32nd president of the united states. Elected 4 times and served until his death in april 1945. Was a central figure during the mid 20's. Built a new deal campaign that realigned american politices after 1932. -
Maynard Jackson
He served as the 54th and 56th mayor of atlanta. He was an american politician and a member of the democratic party.
Also, served as the first african american mayor for atlanta. Jackson was making progress in improving the economy of georgia. -
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World War 2
WW2 is also known as the second world war. It was a global war. It was the most widespread war in history. It involoed more than 10 million soldiers in battle. It is said the have begun september 1,1939. -
Pearl Harbor
American Japanese relations got worse. To protest Japanese expansion the united states stopped lots of things from going to japan. December 7, 1941 was a peaceful morning on sunday. The attack on pearl harbor was over by 10:00 am. The damage was incredible. 180 planes or more were destroyed, 2 thousand people killed and over 1 thousand wounded. -
FDR dies in warm springs
He dies after 4 long terms as president. On a clear day in warm springs, ga, roosevelt was in the living room with lucy mercer. At 1 p.m. he pasted out and became unconsious. A doctor recogonized what symptoms that the president was having. One of the other doctors called his wife. -
Brown vs Brd of Ed
Was a landmark united states supreme court case. Established that seperate public schools was unconstitutional. It overturned the plessy vs ferguson decision. Warren's court decision stated that "seperate educational facilitices are inherently unequal." -
1956 State Flag
In 1955 Atlanta Attorney and State Democrate leader John S. Bell started a campaign for a new state flag. State Senators Jefferson Lee Davis and Willis Harden were also along with the idea of a new state flag. Legislation decision to put the cofederate battle flag on georgia's flag sailed through the general assembly. The bill for the flag went through legislature with no public hearings and attracted little attention to the press. -
Sibley Commission
Governor Ernest Vandiver Jr. decided that public schools would be closed. The committee known as sibley commission were charged with gathering state resident's about desegregation. It laid it's foundation fpor the end of a massive resistance to desegerate. Helped avoid a showdown between Vandiver and the government. -
First African American Students at UGA
Hamilton holmes and Charlayne hunter were the first african americans at UGA. They tried to apply in the winter quarter of 1959 but were not accepted. September 6, 1960, both filed a civil suit against danner. While they registered people outside where chanting that they didnt want to intergrate. -
Albany movement
It was held in albany as a desegregation coalition. Lead by william anderson. Martin luther king jr. and the (SCLC) became involved in the movement. It mobilized thousands of people nationwide but it failed to accomplish it's goals in the process. -
March on Washington
The great march on washington was styled in sounds. This was one of the largest political rallies for human rights in U.S. history. It took place in washington d.c. on a tuesday august 27, 1963. Martin luther king jr. standed in front of lincoln memorial and delivered his " I have a dream" speech. -
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Jimmy Carter
He served as the 39th president of the united states of america. Awarded the noble peace prize in 2002 which he recieved after he left office. Before he became president he was a U.S. naval officer. -
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1996 Summer Games
It's an international multi-sport event that took place in atlanta in the year of 1996. 197 nations came to the games which composed of 10,380 atheletes. The olympic committee decided to separate the summer and winter olympics.
