History Of Geometry

Ancient ( Babylon)

2000 BCE

Yale Tablet VBC 7289
Shows how to compute the diagonal of a square.

Ancient (Babylon)

2000 BCE

Plimpton 322
Has a table with a list of Pythagorean integer triples

Ancient (Baylon)

2000 BCE

Susa Tablet
Shows how to find the radius of a circle through 3 vertices of an isosceles triangle.

Middle Ages (19th Century)

1900 BCE

Joseph Fourier
1- Studied infinite sums in trigonometric functions, the sum of infinite series of sines and cosines.

Middle Ages (18th Century)

1800 BCE

Leonhard Euler.
1- Standardized modern terms and notations.
2- He popularized the Greek letter π to stand for the ratio of a circle's circumference to its diameter.

Ancient (Egypt)

1750 BCE

Anon
1- Wrote Mascow Papyrus.
2- It has 25 problems with solutions that are geometric.

Ancient (Egypt)

1680 BCE

Ahmes
1- Wrote Rhind Papyrus, in it contains rules for division.
2- There was the solution of equations, areas of geometric regions, volumes, etc.

Middle Ages (17th Century)

1593 BCE

John Napier
1- Created Logarithms because the operations of multiplication and division are reduced to simple addition and subtraction.
2- He invented wooden rods to make it easier to multiply and divide large numbers and find square and cube roots.

Algebra

825 BCE

Al-Khwarizmi, the Father of Geometry
Around 825 he wrote a book which is where he got the word algebra 2- Algebra means the 'restoration of broken parts'.
3- The book included word problems, especially dealing with inheritance.

Middle Ages (Islamic)

820 BCE

Muhammad Ibn
1- He gave an explanation for the algebraic solution of quadratic equations with positive roots and he was the first to teach algebra in an elementary form.

Ancient (India)

800 BCE

Baudhayan
1- Author of Sulbasutra, which contains geometric constructions for solving linear and quadratic equations.
2- It also talks about the Pythagorean Theorem for the diagonal of a square.

Ancient (India)

750 BCE

Manava
1- Contains approximate construction of circles from and squares from circles.

Calculus

700 BCE

1- Created by Babylions, Calculus is the mathematical study of continuous change.
2- It has two major branches: differential calculus and integral calculus.
3- These two branches are related to each other by the fundamental theorem of calculus.

Thales of Miletus (Greek)

624 BCE

Brought the science of Geometry from Egypt to Greece. He discovered 5 facts of elementary geometry, including an angle in a semi-circle in a right angle.

Pythagorus of Samos (Greek)

569 BCE

1- Created A squared plus B squared equals C squared.
2- For any right angled triangle the square of the length of the hypotenuse is equal to the sum of the right square of the other two sides.

Ancient (China)

500 BCE

1- Pascal's triangle is a number triangle with numbers in rows.
2- the triangle was studied by Blaise Pascal, but it was used centuries earlier by a Chinese mathematician.

Pythagorean Theorem

500 BCE

The Pythagorean Theorem was one of the earliest theorems known to ancient civilizations. It is named for the Greek mathematician and philosopher, Pythagoras.

Hippocrates of Chios (Greek)

470 BCE

1- Known for working on the cube, which he showed to be equivalent to constructing two mean proportions between a number and its double.

Plato (Greek)

427 BCE

1- Found "The Academy" in 387 BC, which flourished until 529 AD using mathematical objects as perfect forms.

Theaetetus of Athens (Greek)

417 BCE

1- Created solid Geomtry
2- First construct all 5 regular solids (Platonic)

Binomial Theorem

400 BCE

Created by Euclid, The Binomial Theorem is a quick way of expanding a binomial expression that has been raised to some power.

Euclid of Alexandria (Greek)

325 BCE

Father of Geometry

Archimedes of Syracuse (Greek)

287 BCE

1- Greatest mathematician of antiquit
2- His methods anticipated the integral calculus
3- Father of Calculus

Apollonius of Perga (Greek)

262 BCE

1- He was called 'The Great Geometer'
2- famous work was "Conics"

Hipparchus of Rhodes (Greek)

190 BCE

1- He published several books of trigonometric tables and the methods for calculating them.
2-based on his tables he divided a circle into 360° with each degree divided into 60 minutes.

Claudius Ptolemy

85 BCE

1- Developed the geocentric theory of planetary motion.
2-

Menelaus of Alexandria (AD)

70 BCE

1- Created spherical geometry
2- for a quadrilateral inscribed in a circle, the product of its diagonals is equal to the sum of the products of its opposite sides.

Ancient (China)

11 BCE

China developed very large and negative numbers , decimals, place value system, binary system, algebra, geometry and trigonometry. Pascal's triangle is known to have existed in China centuries.

Heron of Alexandria (AD)

10 BCE

1- Created a formula for the area of a triangle
2- areas of plane figures and surfaces of 3D objects

Pappus of Alexandria

290

1- was the last of the great Greek geometers

Menaecnus (Greek)

380

1- Discpovered the conic sections.
Conic section is the intersection of a plane and a cone.

Eudoxus of Cnidus (Greek)

408

First to apply mathematics to astronomy.

Rene Descartes (Modern)

1596

He applied algebra to geometry and created analytic geometry

Links

2000

Geomhistory.com
Story of mathematics.com
Math.witchita.edu