History is a mess

Early Christian and Roman: Petrine Doctrine

248

the belief that Peter was the first pope with the key given by Jesus, this gives bishops in Roman superiority in becoming pope as they claim that they are the descendant of Peter

Early Christian and Roman: Rome is split into two regions by Diocletian

285

One became Byzantine Empire ,which will adopt Greek, and the other became the Western Empire, which kept the use of Latin

Early Christian and Rome: Edict of Milan

313

The edict issued by Constantine, which gives religious freedom to Christians, and returned their past properties. Christians were no longer persecuted.

Early Christian and Roman: Nicaean Creed

325

Adopted in the city of Nicaea, determined that Jesus was both fully human and fully divine,

Early Christians and Roman: The Sacking of Rome by Germanic Tribes

410

The city was attacked by the Visigoths, seen as a major landmark of the fall of Rome

Byzantine: Theodosius II builds a great wall around Constantinople, establishing it as the center of the new Eastern Roman Empire

413

Gives perfect protection for the city, protects the city from sea and land, stayed there until Ottoman empire took it down

Clovis and The Merovingian Dynasty

Period: 457 to Apr 25, 752

kings of France

France: Reign of Clovis

Period: 466 to 511

Expanded the Frankish Kingdom, a warrior king, ruled by killing relatives, adopted Christianity

Byzantine: Justinian becomes Emperor of the Byzantine Empire

527

developed Justinian Code, a civil law in contrast to twelve tables; Justinian married Theodora and together they tried to conquest lost Roman lands but failed, built Hagia Sophia

Byzantine: Hagia Sophia is built

537

Greek Orthodox Church built by Justinian, famous for its architectural styles which combined Greco-Roman and middle Eastern style

Islam: Muhammad conquers Mecca

Apr 24, 630

Muhammad conquered Mecca with ten thousand force

Ali is murdered, creating Sunni/Shia split

Apr 24, 632

Because Ali did not have any direct heir. Great dispute happened. Sunni believed that whoever is the most capable should rule while the minority Shiites believe that the new leader should a family member of Ali.

Islam-Umayyad Empire: Dome of the Rock built in Jerusalem

Apr 24, 691

an Islamic shrine built in Jerusalem, built by Caliph Umayyad; it's believed that Muhammad went to heaven through the rock

Islam-Uymayyad: The Battle of Tours

Apr 24, 732

Fought by Islamic Caliph and Charles Martel, in which Martel, stopped Islam from spreading in Spain

France: Battle of Tours and Charles Martel

Apr 24, 732

the prevented Western Europe from Islam Conquest, raised Charles' status in Christian world. Charles laid the foundations for the Carolingian dynasty. Known as Charles the Hammer.

France: The Carolingian Dynasty

Period: Apr 24, 750 to Apr 25, 887

The family comes from palace of Austrasia, Charles Martel's sons and Carloman split the Frankish Empire after Charles died, later Charlemagne reunited the Empire

Islam-Abbasid Empire: Baghdad built as a new capitol

Apr 24, 762

cultural center of Islamic and Arabic civilization, the geography brings Persian influence into Arabic Islam regions

France- Charlemagne and the Renaissance: diplomatic relations with Harun AL Rashid

Apr 24, 780

After the Battle of Tours, the Islam under Umayyad Empire continued to threaten the Carolingians. Embassies were formed and two leaders sent presents to each other including an elephant named Abu 'Abbas. This alliance brings Islamic influence to Christianity.

France-Charlemagne and Renaissance- Agreement with Byzantine Empire to recognize Charlemagne

Apr 24, 803

Charlemagne: Father of Europe, puts emphasis on education therefore led to Renaissance. Defended Pope Leo III and the Pope in return crowned him as the Roman Emperor. He brings Germanic tribes, Roman and Christian culture together.
Agreement is achieved through the treaty called Pax Nicephori. Two emperors negotiated boundaries.