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INVENTION OF THE STEAM ENGINE
The steam engine is a device that converts the energy stored in steam into mechanical work.It played a important role in the Industrial Revolution and the development of modern industry and transportation. It was developed by Thomas Savery in 1698, but Thomas Newcomen and James Watt improved it a lot. -
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FIRST INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
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SPINNING JENNY
The spinning jenny was a key invention in the textile industry during the Industrial Revolution. It was designed to mechanize and improve the process of spinning yarn,was invented by James Hargreaves, around 1764. There si not an exact day. -
WATER FRAME
The Water Frame was another important invention in the history of textile manufacturing during the Industrial Revolution. It was developed by Richard Arkwright, in 1769. there is not an exact day. -
FLYING SHUTTLE
The flying shuttle was an important invention in the textile industry that revolutionized the process of weaving. It was invented by John Kay in 1733, and its introduction marked a significant advancement in textile production. There is not an exact day. -
SPINNING MULE
he Spinning Mule was a invention in the textile industry during the Industrial Revolution. It combined features of the Spinning Jenny and the Water Frame. t was invented by Samuel Crompton in 1779, there is not an exact day. -
POWER WEAVING LOOM
The power loom was a significant advancement in the textile industry, automating the weaving process and contributing to the industrialization of textile production. Invented by Edmund Cartwright in 1784.. -
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REIGN OF CHARLES IV
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The calling of the Estates General
In 1789 Louis XVI decided to call together the Estates General in order to increase taxes. -
The National Assenbly
Al the meeting of the Estates General, the Third Estate proposed a new voting system in which each representative would have an individual vote. When the king refused, the members of the Third Estate declared themselves the true representatives of the nation. They formed a National Assembly and demanded a constitution. -
The Constituent Assembly
The King finally accepted the Third Estate's demands. A new Constituent Assembly was elected to write a constitution. At the same time, protestants began a riot in the streets of Paris. -
Bastille Storming
The protestants took the Bastille (a famous political bastion), on 14th July (my birthday). It symbolically marked the end of the Old Regime. -
Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen
In reaction to these protests, on August 26, 1789, the Constituent Assembly approved the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen. -
The Legislative Assembly
A new Legislative Assembly was elected. It was dominated by two groups, the Girondins and the Jacobins. Louis XVI opposed the reforms of the Legislative Assembly and asked Austria for help. -
Start of The First French Revolution
In response to Louis, the assembly abolished the monarchy in the 21th of September of 1792 and declared France a republic. The First French Republic lasted from 1792 to 1804. -
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First French Republic
The French Republic, was the name given to a series of parliamentary and republican regimes that occurred between September 21, 1792 and May 18, 1804, during the French Revolution. It began on the day that the National Convention approved the abolition of the monarchy, confirming the deposition of King Louis XVI who had been suspended during the Day of August 10, 1792. It lasted a total of twelve years, until the establishment of the First French Empire by Napoleon Bonaparte in May 1804. -
The Convention
After the election of a new assembly known as the Convention. Louis XVI was accused of treason and then executed the 21th of January 1793. -
The Directory
By 1795, France's moderate middle class had gained control of the country, and they established the Directory. This was a more conservative government which was composed of five members. -
TREATY OF BASEL
The Treaty of Basel ended the War of the Second Coalition,Spain, which had initially been aligned with France, withdrew from the coalition, and this treaty recognized the French conquests in Italy and Switzerland. -
The Consulate
In 1799, there was a militar coup (attempt to take control of a country by force) and General Napoleon Bonaparte established a new form of government called the Consulate. This was a group of three leaders which included Napoleon, he gradually increased his power. -
TREATY OF SAN ILDEFONSO
he Treaty of San Ildefonso was a secret agreement between Franceand Spain. the treaty involved significant diplomatic and territorial arrangements. Notably, Spain agreed to cede the Louisiana Territory back to France. -
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Napoleonic Empire
The First French Empire, also known as the Napoleonic Empire or Napoleonic France, was the monarchical government established by Napoleon Bonaparte following the dissolution of the First French Republic in 1804.
Napoleon expanded his new empires a result of numerous military victories over other European powers. In the lands that he conquered, Napoleon imposed enlightened and evolutionary policies, including constitutions that abolished absolutes monarchy. -
The Civil Code
Napoleon Bonaparte established the Civil Code, a set of laws that applied equally to all citizens. It introduced new legal concepts, such as civil marriage, divorce, adoption and public education. -
Emperor of France
Napoleon Bonaparte declared himself Emperor of France. -
King of Italy
In 1805 Napoleon Bonaparte transformed his Italian Republic into the Kingdom of Italy, proclaiming himself king and naming his stepson, Eugène de Beauharnais, viceroy. -
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REIGN OF JOSEPH I
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Continental System
Napoleon, Emperor of France, fought against the United Kingdom using a continental blockade as the cornerstone of his foreign policy. It was an economic and trade system imposed by France that prohibited Britain from all trade with the rest of Europe in an effort to bankrupt it. -
LAUNCH OF THE FIRST STEAMSHIP
The first steamship is widely credited to the Clermont, which was launched and operated by Robert Fulton in 1807.There is not an exact day. -
TREATY OF FONTAINEBLEAU
The Treaty of Fontainebleau was a secret agreement between France and Spain. The treaty allowed French troops to enter Spanish territory and move to Portugal. -
REVOLT OF ARANJUEZ
The Revolt of Aranjuez was a significant event during the Napoleonic era in Spain. Impulsed by economic problems and angry with the Spanish monarchy, the revolt in Aranjuez led to the abdication of King Charles IV in favor of his son Ferdinand VII. -
UPRISING OF THE PEOPLE OF MADRID
The Uprising of the People of Madrid,occurred in response to the imposition of Joseph Bonaparte as the new King of Spain by Napoleon. This marked the beginning of a significant conflict. -
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WAR OF INDEPENDENCE
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ABDICATIONS OF BAYONNE
The Abdications of Bayonne occurred when Napoleon Bonaparte organizated the abdication of Spanish King Charles IV and his son Ferdinand VII in favor of French interests. -
INDEPENDENCE OF PERU
The independence of Peru was a transformative process, taht ended in the creation on a sovereign state. José de la Riva-Agüero proclaimed autonomy in 1808. Spanish forces regained control, but the arrival of José de San Martín shifted the momentum. The Republic of Peru was established, with Simón Bolívar serving as its first president -
BATTLE OF BAILÉN
The Battle of Bailén, fought from July 16 to 19, 1808, was a fight during the early stages of the Peninsular War. Spanish forces successfully defeated the French army -
INDEPENDENCE OF COLOMBIA
The independence of Colombia was a transformative process marked by the establishment of a sovereign nation. Initiated with the Revolutionary Junta in 1810 and led by figures like Simón Bolívar -
CONVOCATION OF THE COURTS OF CADIZ
The Convocation of the Courts of Cádiz, made during the Peninsular War, happened in a city free from French occupation, to establish a representative assembly to face Spain's challenges in the absence of King Ferdinand VII. -
INDEPENDENCE OF MEXICO
The independence of Mexico was a transformative process, ending with the creation of a sovereign state, where Miguel Hidalgo called for rebellion against Spanish rule, ending in the Declaration of Independence in 1821. -
APPEARANCE OF THE LUDDITES
TheLuddites were a social group of skilled textile workers in England during the early 19th century, particularly between 1811 and 1817,were known for their opposition to industrialization and the introduction of machinery in the textile industry -
APPROVAL OF "LA PEPA"
The approval of La Pepa refers to the Spanish Constitution of 1812, made in Cádiz during the Peninsular War. the constitution established a constitutional monarchy, emphasizing civil liberties and Enlightenment principles -
French invasion to Rusia
The French invasion of Russia in 1812 was a military campaign led by French Emperor Napoleon Bonaparte with the aim of conquering Russia and forcing Tsar Alexander I to join the continental blockade against the United Kingdom.
The invasion was a failure, because the harsh Russian winter was approaching and the French soldiers were forced to retreat.
The invasion of Russia in 1812 was a turning point in the Napoleonic Wars and significantly weakened Napoleon's power in Europe. -
TREATY OF VALLENÇAY
The Treaty of Valençay, was a diplomatic agreement between France and Spain during the Peninsular War. The treaty allowed Ferdinand VII to return to Spain in exchange for his support of Napoleon's interests. -
INVENTION OF THE LOCOMOTIVE
the locomotive is a railway vehicle that provides the motive power for a train. It is a vehicle that pulls or pushes railroad cars to transport goods or passengers on a railway track. Is closely associated with the development of steam-powered rail transportation during the early 19th century. It was created by George Stephenson in 1814. -
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ABSOLUTIST SEXENIO
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Battle of Waterloo
Napoleon had escaped from his exile on the island of Elba and returned to France in 1815, regaining power, but was finally defeated in the Battle of Waterloo. The victorious powers re-established he Ancien Regime, although this only lasted for a short period of time.
This is the end of the Napoleonic Empire and the French Revolution. -
INDEPENDENCE OF ARGENTINA
The independence of Argentina was a historical process which led to the Declaration of Independence on July 9, 1816, during the Congress of Tucumán. this marked Argentina's formal break from Spanish colonial rule, creating the United Provinces of South America -
INDEPENDENCE OF CHILE
The independence of Chile was a historical process marked by the establishment of a sovereign nation. Beginning with the First Government Junta in 1810, the Chilean War of Independence, contributing to the establishment of the Republic of Chile in 1818. -
EXPROPRIATION OF MENDIZÁBAL
The expropriation of Mendizábal was a significant economic and political measure implemented in 19th-century Spain by Juan Álvarez Mendizábal, as Minister of Finance, The goal was to secularize and expropriate properties of Catholic Church, with the goal of modernizing the Spanish economy. The confiscated properties were sold. There is not an exact date -
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TRIENIO LIBERAL
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OMINOUS DECADE
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FIRST COMMERCIAL TRAIN JOURNEY
the first commercial train journey is often associated with the opening of the Stockton and Darlington Railway in England. The historic event took place on September 27, 1825, and marked a significant moment in the history of railways and rail transportation. -
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CHARTIST MOVEMENT
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THE FIRST TRADE UNION
The first modern trade union is often considered to be the Grand National Consolidated Trades Union, which was formed in the United Kingdom in 1833. There is not a day. -
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EFFECTIVE REIGN OF ELIZABETH II
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REGENCY OF MARIA CHRISTINA
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FIRST CARLIST WAR
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REGENCY OF ESPARTERO
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DRAFTING OF THE COMMUNIST MANIFESTO
The Communist Manifesto, one of the most influential political pamphlets in history, was drafted by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, and was published the 21 February 1848. -
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FIRST INTERNATIONAL
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CONSTITUTION OF 1869
The Constitution of 1869 was a significant document in Spanish history. the constitution aimed to institute liberal principles such as the separation of powers, civil liberties, and limits on monarchical authority -
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PROVISIONAL GOVERNMENT (SERRANO)
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REIGN OF AMADEUS OF SAVOY
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SECOND INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
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FIRST REPUBLIC
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FOUNDATION OF THE PSOE
The Spanish Socialist Workers Party was founded on May 21879, in Madrid, Spain. It emerged as a socialist and workers party, playing a significant role in the political landscape of Spain -
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SECOND INTERNATIONAL
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FOUNDATION OF THE CNT
The National Confederation of Labour was founded on October 29 1910, in Barcelona, Spain. The CNT is a confederation of syndicalist labor unions and has played a notable role in the history of labor movements and social struggles in Spain.