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National Constituent Assembly
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Formal opening of the Estates General
The Estates General of 1789 was a general assembly representing the French estates of the realm: the clergy 1st Estate, the nobility 2nd Estate and the commoners 3rd Estate.
It was one of the last Estates General of the Kingdom of France. The Estates General of 1789 ended when the Third Estate formed the National Assembly and, against the wishes of the King, invited the other two estates to join. This marked the outbreak of the French Revolution. -
Tennis Court Oath
On the tennis court that had been built in 1686 for the use of the Palace of Versailles. Their vow "not to separate and to meet again where necessary until the Constitution of the kingdom is established" became a pivotal event in the Revolution French. The Estates General had been convened to address the country's fiscal and agricultural crisis, but got bogged down on representation issues immediately after meeting in May 1789, notably whether they would vote by order or by head -
Storming of the Bastille
The storming of the Bastille took place in Paris on Tuesday, July 14, 1789. Although the medieval fortress known as the Bastille only guarded seven prisoners, its fall into the hands of the Parisian revolutionaries symbolically marked the end of the Ancien Régime and the starting point of the French Revolution. The importance of the storming of the Bastille is due to its symbolic value representing the collapse of the absolutist power of the French monarchy, but it was not such a relevant act. -
The August Decrees
Were a set of 19 articles passed by the National Constituent Assembly during the French Revolution that abolished feudalism in France and ended the tax-exempt privileges of the upper classes. The approval of the decrees was a significant achievement of the Revolution. Many of the articles did not enter into force immediately, the decrees as a whole had a great impact on the destruction of France's oppressive Ancien Régime and helped for future development in equality and human rights. -
The Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen
The Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen, established by the National Constituent Assembly of France, is a human civil rights document of the French Revolution. It was a central statement of the values of the French Revolution and had a significant impact on the development of popular conceptions of individual liberty and democracy in Europe and around the world. The last article was adopted on August 26, 1789 by the National Constituent Assembly, during the French Revolution. -
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Legislative Assembly
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The Flight to Varennes
The flight to Varennes during the night of 20–21 June 1791 was a significant event in the French Revolution in which King Louis XVI of France, Queen Marie Antoinette and their family attempted to escape Paris (unsuccessfully) to initiate a counter-revolution at the head of loyal troops under royalist officers concentrated at Montmédy. near the border. The king's flight was traumatic for France, inciting reactions ranging from anxiety to violence and panic. -
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National Convention
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1st French Republic
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The Assembly declares war on Austria
The Austrian and Prussian monarchs, fearing the revolution would spread to their countries, invited other European monarchs to use force to reestablish the French monarchy. Insulted by this threat, the Legislative Assembly declared war on Austria on April 20, 1792. -
Storming of the Tuileries Palace
The insurrection of August 10, 1792 was a defining event of the French Revolution, when armed revolutionaries in Paris, increasingly in conflict with the French monarchy, stormed the Tuileries Palace. The conflict led France to abolish the monarchy and establish a republic. France declared war against the King of Bohemia and Hungary (Austria). The initial battles were a disaster for the French, and Prussia joined Austria. -
Execution of Louis XVI
Louis XVI, King of France, was publicly executed during the French Revolution on the Place de la Révolution in Paris. At his trial four days earlier, the National Convention had condemned the king for high treason in an almost unanimous vote; While no one voted "not guilty," several MPs abstained. Ultimately, he was sentenced to death by a simple majority. The execution by guillotine was carried out by Charles-Henri Sanson, then High Executioner of the French First Republic -
Execution of Robespierre
The Fall of Maximilien Robespierre is the series of events beginning with Maximilien Robespierre's speech. His arrest the next day and his execution on 10 Thermmidor. In the speech of 8 Thermidor, Robespierre spoke of the existence of internal enemies, conspirators and slanderers, within the Convention and the governing committees. He refused to name them, which alarmed deputies who feared that Robespierre was preparing another purge of the Convention. -
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Directory
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The Napoleonic Era
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The Consulate
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The Empire
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Battle of Austerlitz
It was one of the most important and decisive engagements of the Napoleonic Wars. The battle occurred near the town of Austerlitz. The battle is often cited as a tactical masterpiece, in the same league as other historical engagements.
After eliminating an Austrian army during the Ulm Campaign, French forces took Vienna in November 1805. The Austrians avoided further conflict until the arrival of the Russians. This battle was led by Napoleon -
Battle of Trafalgar
As part of Napoleon's plans to invade England, the French and Spanish fleets combined to take control of the English Channel and provide safe passage for the Grande Armée. The Allied fleet, under the command of French Admiral Pierre-Charles Villeneuve, sailed from the port of Cádiz in southern Spain on 18 October 1805. They met the British fleet under Lord Nelson, recently assembled to meet this threat, in the Atlantic Ocean at the elevation of Trafalgar -
Battle of Leipzig
Was fought from 16 to 19 October 1813 at Leipzig. The Coalition armies of Austria, Prussia, Sweden, and Russia,decisively defeated the Grande Armée of French Emperor Napoleon Bonaparte. . The battle was the culmination of the German Campaign of 1813 and involved 560,000 soldiers, 2,200 artillery pieces, the expenditure of 400,000 rounds of artillery ammunition, and 133,000 casualties, making it the largest battle of the Napoleonic Wars, and the largest battle in Europe prior to World War I. -
Battle of Waterloo
The French army under Napoleon was defeated by two of the armies of the Seventh Coalition. One of them was a British-led coalition consisting of units from the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, Hanover. The other was composed of three corps of the Prussian army under the command of Field Marshal von Blücher. The battle marked the end of the Napoleonic Wars. .
